1. 用于序数词前不强调计数顺序时，表示"又一"、"再一"。如：
We'll have to do it a second time. 我们得再做一次。
We have put forward a third plan. 我们又提出了一个方案。
2. 在某些物质名词前表示"一杯 / 罐 / 瓶"。如：
A coffee / tea / beer, please. 请来杯咖啡 / 茶 / 啤酒。
3. 用于具体化了的抽象名词前。如：
He was a success in business. 他事业成功。
It's a pleasure to talk with you. 同你谈话是件令人愉快的事。
4. 在专有名词前表示"某一个"、"类似的一个"。如：
A Mr Smith wants to see you. 一位名叫史密斯先生的人想见你。
He thought he was a Zhu Geliang. 他自以为是诸葛亮。
5. 用于 of 短语中表示"同一"(=the same) 。如：
Tom and Kate are of an age. 汤姆与凯特同岁。
6. 几个特殊固定短语：
a knowledge of … 对…有所了解或掌握
a must 必备书，必备品
a drink 一杯饮料
a sugar 一块糖
a paper 一张报纸 一篇论文
a hair 一根头发
a surprise 一件令人吃惊的事
a failure 一个失败的人/事
7. 若修饰名词的形容词受 so, too, how, as 等副词修饰，则将不定冠词置于形容词之后。如：
短语a tall tree a high building a pretty girl 若被以上词修饰，则为：
so tall a tree so high a building so pretty a girl 以此类推。
She is as good a cook as her mother. 她跟她妈妈一样会做饭。
It is too difficult a book for beginners. 那本书供初学者看太难了。
8. 若单数可数名词前有such, what, many 等词修饰，不定冠词应置于它们之后。如：
What a good heart you have! 你的心肠真好!
I have been there many a time. 我去过那儿很多次。
I've never heard of such a thing. 我从来没听过这样的事。(比较：There is no such thing.)
注："many a＋单数可数名词" 意为"许多" 常用在文学作品中。作主语时，谓语用单数。
9. 不定冠词要放在副词 quite, rather后面，但若其后的名词前有形容词修饰，放在 quite, rather 前后均可；和fairly连用时放在fairly之前。如：
She remained standing for quite a while. 她站了好一会儿。
We had rather a cold welcome. 我们受到相当冷淡的接待。
We had a rather cold welcome. 我们受到相当冷淡的接待。
That's a fairly interesting film.
10. 冠词要放在 both, all, half, twice等后面：
All the children are under twelve.所有的孩子都不满12岁。
We bought the book at half the price. 我们半价买了这本书。
He eats twice the amount that you eat. 他比你多吃一倍。
11. 用于某些名词或者形容词前，表示一类人，一个民族，阶级或阶层。如：
the Chinese 中国人 the rich 富人 the dead 死者 the deaf 聋人 the wounded 伤员
12. 与姓氏的复数连用，表示两个或两个以上的同姓家庭成员。如：
The Blacks came to China in 1994. 布莱克一家是1994年来中国的。
The Greens have no children. 格林夫妇没有小孩。
The Smiths live next to us. 史密斯一家就住在我们隔壁。
13. 用于接触身体的某个部位，其结构为：
动词 hit, pull, pat, strike, hold, take +介词(in on by) + the + 身体部位 如：
He hit her on the nose.
She touched him on the shoulder.
He took the girl by the hand.
The stone struck the man in the eye.
She patted the boy on the head.
14. 用在表示计量单位的名词前，表示"按…计算"，
若表示计量的名词是可数名词，之前用定冠词the, 如：by the hour, by the day, by the dozen，by the kilogram，by the yard，等。
若表示计量的名词是不可数名词，之前不用冠词，如：by weight , by volume
15.指发明物时，必须加the
The compass was invented in China.
16. 一个范围内独一无二的职务、头衔前不用冠词。如：
John is captain of the team. 约翰是足球队的队长。
They elected him president of the society. 他们选他为协会会长。
Elizabeth II, Queen of England 英国女王伊丽莎白二世He was elected chairmen of the committee.他当选为委员会主席。
17. 用于阳历节日前，但阴历节日前要加定冠词。如：
New Year's Day, teacher's day, May Day, the Spring Festival, the Lantern Festival, the Mid-autumn Day
18. 交通工具名词前不用冠词
by car坐汽车 by ship 坐船 by plane坐飞机 on foot 步行
19.用于表示"变成"的 turn / go 后作表语的单数名词前。如：
He was a teacher before he turned writer. 他成为作家之前是教师。
20. 用于让步倒装的单数可数名词前。如：
Child as he is, he knows a lot. 他虽然是个孩子，但已经很懂事了。
21. 表示学科、语言的名词前不用冠词, 若表示语言的词English ,Chinese, Japanese等后有language时 要加the 如：
history of the English language 英语语言史 She teaches English in a middle school. 她在一所中学教英语 Chemistry is not easy to learn. 化学不容易学
Do you speak Japanese? 你会说日语吗？ We have Chinese and mathematics in the morning. 我们上午学习语文和数学
22. word 当"消息"讲，不用冠词。
23. man 当"人类"讲，不用冠词，不用复数。
牛刀小试：
1. The biggest whale is ________ blue whale, which grows to be about 29 meters long—the height of ________ 9-story building.
2. First impressions are the most lasting. After all, you never get ________ second chance to make ________ first impression.
3. When it comes to bringing up children, some people say ________ strict control produces ________ well-behaved children.
4. I found myself sitting next to ________ George Bush! Not ________ George Bush, of course, but someone with the same name.
5． —What have we got for supper？
—I got _______huge fish at _______market opposite our school for only five pounds．
6．Let us suppose that you are in _______position of _______parent．Would you like your child to have such a stressful life?
7. -Nowadays in Britain, ______calculators can be used freely in school exams.
-Do you think a calculator is _______ must?
8. The two rooms are of ______ size. And another two are three times ______ size of them.
9．—Let us suppose that you are in______ position of______ parent. Would you allow your child to do such a thing?
—Certainly not.
10. We had ________ nice dinner after the meeting with ________ dishes of fish, meat, vegetables and dessert.
11． Panda is one of________ remaining endangered animals in ________ world.
12. The New York Times started ________new text messaging service that delivers________ latest news to mobile phones.
13．Mike seldom asks ______ questions in class, but today he raised ______ fairly good one．
14. The two rooms are of______ size. And another two are three times______size of them.
15. The Day of the Dead, an ancient Mexican festival, is not a sad day, but ________time to celebrate _______cycle of life.
16. --Why not open the windows to let _____ cool air in?
--I' d rather you didn't. _____ air in our town is terribly polluted.
17. --What do you think about _____ dress in the shop window?
--Oh, it' s beautiful. You may give it to Linda as _____ birthday present.
18. Jack had _____ feeling of excitement when hearing his article had been published in _____ school magazine.
19. I ordered ________pizza and salad. The pizza was nice but ________salad was disgusting.
20．—What are your plans for ______ future?
—I always dream of______ future that I can spend all the time painting．
21.people develop ________ preference for a particular style of learning at ______ early age and these preferences affect learning..
22.India attained ________independence in 1947,after ________long struggle.23.Four and ________ half hours of discussion took us up to midnight,and ________ break for cheese,chocolate and tea with sugar.
24. The paper is due next month, and I am working seven days ______ week, often long into______ night.
25.Jane's grandmother had wanted to write ______children's book for many years, but one thing or another always got in ______way.
26. Opening the door, Mrs. Summers found family of cats shut in the bathroom．
27. I need to get another dictionary, because cover is dirty and ________ page is missing.
28. Have you got these jeans in larger size? This pair is a bit too small around waist.
29. —How about ________ party?
—Cool! It was really ________ great fun! Pity you weren't there．
30. Now _____ things are much more expensive. There has been ______ big rise in the cost of living.
31.Many people agree that____ knowledge of English is a must in_____ international trade today.
A. a ; / B. the ; an C. the ; the D. / ; the
32. In 1865, Abraham Lincoln was elected ______ President of the U.S.
A. a B. the C. / D. one
33.Comrade Li, _____ head of the department, is coming to inspect us.
A. / B. the C. this D. a
34. Lincoln said that _______ living must finish the work of those dead.
A. the B. every C. a D. all
35.______ Mr. Smith is calling on the phone, sir.
A. the B. A C. One D. An
36._____ is drawing near.
A. The National Day B. a National Day C. National Day D. The Day of National
37.The soldier was wounded in ______ , but he caught the enemy officer by _______.
A. the knee ; the arm B. his knee ; his arm
C. his knee ; the arm D. the knee ; his arm
38.Though _____ came that he was completely defeated, he didn't lose _____.
A. the word ; his heart B. word ; heart
C. the word ; heart D. word ; his heart
39.He had a part-time job and was paid _______.
A. by the hour B. by an hour C. by hour D. each hour
40.I don't know when ______ man discovered _____ gold, ______ very precious metal.
A. / ; / ; a B. the ; / ; a C. the ; / ; / D. / ; the ; a
41.I don't know who invented _____ telescope, but I think it is ______ most useful invention.
A. the ; the B. the ; a C. a ; the D. a ; a
42. We'll learn _____ second language in _____ second year.
A. the ; the B. a ; a C. a ; the D. the ; /
43._______ is my native language, Many foreigners say _______.
A. The Chinese ; the Chinese language B. Chinese ; Chinese language
C. The Chinese ; Chinese language D. Chinese ; the Chinese language
参考答案
1.the; a 2.a; a 3.不填；不填
4.不填；the 5.a；the 6.the；a
7./; a 8.a; the 9.the; a
10.a; the 11.The; the 12.a; the
13./; a 14.a; the 15. a, the
16.／; The 17.the; a 18.a; the
19.a, the 20.the; a 21.a; an
22./；a 23.a;a 24.a; the
25.a;the 26.a, 不填 27.the, a
28.a, the 29.the, 不填 30.不填, a
31. A 32.C 33. A 34.A 35. B 36. C 37. A 38. B 39. A 40. A 41.B 42. C 43. D