正文翻译
Why is soccer not more popular as a sport in the US? 在美国，为什么足球运动不是更受欢迎?
评论翻译
Aaron ColmanWhy is soccer not more popular as a spectator sport in the US? Is there something about the gameplay of soccer that makes it less popular in the US?As a Brit and a big soccer fan, living in the US this is a topic that pops up often when I drag friends to the pub to watch soccer.As people have said above, the main reason that I'm told is that they find low scores and draws boring.What I don't get is, when I join them for NFL, NBA, NHL etc, they tell me "we want it close to be exciting."I don't quite see the logic in this as an excuse. 在美国，为什么作为一项观赏性运动的足球不那么受欢迎？是不是足球的玩法让它在美国不那么受欢迎?作为一个住在美国的英国人和超级足球迷，当我拉着朋友去酒吧看足球比赛时，这个话题经常会出现。正如人们所说，我被告知的主要原因是他们觉低得分和平局很无聊。我不明白的是，当我加入他们参加美国橄榄球联盟（NFL）、美国职业篮球联赛（NBA）、北美职业冰球联赛（NHL）等比赛时，他们告诉我“我们希望比赛接近令人兴奋的水平。”我不认为这是一个合理的借口。
The main reasons in my opinion are:Most of my friends played soccer until high school and then it is dropped for the more glamorous US sports.Soccer in the USA lacks attacking tactics and most competition for places tends to be on the back line, this is not the same in Europe/South America where most competition is for the forward (more exciting) positions.No matter what you say, the MLS is boring and skill-wise, far behind the rest of the soccer world. I think if more fans watched European games it would become more appealing but this is a sport which, like most sports, needs to be appreciated live. The time zone rarely makes that possibleMany Americans view it as not being technically challenging to the fans, in comparison to other US sports. This is true to the first-time viewer but soccer is a highly technical game based on real-time statistics with many tough decisions such as only being allowed to make 3 substitutions in a 90 minute game.You only get one break... 我认为主要原因是：我的大多数朋友一直到高中都在踢足球，然后足球被美国更具魅力的体育项目所取代。美国足球缺乏进攻战术，竞争往往集中在后卫这个位置，这与欧洲/南美的情况不同，那里的竞争主要集中在前锋(更令人兴奋)的位置上。不管你怎么说，美国职业足球大联盟很无聊，而且踢球水平远远落后于足球界的其他球队。 我认为如果有更多的球迷观看欧洲的比赛，它会变得更有吸引力，但这项运动和大多数运动一样，需要到现场欣赏。由于时区的原因，这很难实现许多美国人认为，与美国其他体育项目相比，足球在技术上对球迷来说没有挑战性，这个说法对第一次观看比赛的人来说是正确的，但足球是一项基于实时数据的高技术比赛，有许多艰难的规则，比如在90分钟的比赛中只允许换人3次。你只有一次休息机会。
Robert KalomirisWhy is soccer not more popular as a spectator sport in the US?The league structure sucksThe MLS follows the franchise-model that the NBA, NFL, and MLB popularized. European leagues (and most of the world for that matter) follow a tiered-league system where each national league has multiple leagues and lower divisons where teams are promoted and relegated based on their domestic performance. In the MLS this is basically ignored in that no team has to worry about relegation (and the financial disparity that comes with it). Although they both share the win-lose-draw point system, an MLS team can lose all of their games and the owner can sleep like a baby because the MLS protects bad teams - it is in their financial interest to keep each team in the league no matter how bad they are since they are all franchises. This leads me to the next point... 在美国，作为一项观赏性运动的足球为什么不那么受欢迎？联盟结构很糟糕美国职业足球大联盟沿用了NBA、NFL和MLB推广的职业运动队。欧洲联赛(以及世界上大多数联赛)采用分级联赛制度，每个国家联赛都有多个联赛和较低级别联赛，球队根据其国内表现升降级。在美国职业足球大联盟，这基本上被忽略了，因为没有球队需要担心降级(以及随之而来的财政差距)。虽然他们都采用了赢-输-平的计分系统，但一支美国职业足球大联盟球队可能会输掉所有的比赛，老板也可以睡得像个婴儿，因为美国职业足球大联盟保护的是糟糕的球队——让每支球队留在联盟里符合他们的经济利益（不管他们有多糟糕），因为他们都是特许经营权。这就引出了下一点…… 原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
Lack of cultural ties with host citiesBeing franchises, MLS teams have few ties to the city they are hosted in besides the gimmick team names & marketing efforts. Using England as an example, the tiered-structure of their football leagues allows many cities and many of divisions of a city to be represented over nine different football divisions, and most professional clubs have a deep cultural tie with the working class of England during the Industrial Revolution. While supporting a team other than one in your city in England is taboo to passionate fans, its almost expected in the United States because >0.01% of the cities are represented on a professional level. This really highlights the difference between sports culture in the United States vs. Europe and the rest and the world. Also, the size of England and most European countries makes it affordable to travel to away games by train, while it will cost you an arm and a leg to watch your team play in NY if you live in LA. 与主办城市缺乏文化联系作为职业运动队，美国职业足球大联盟的球队除了花哨的球队名称和营销努力外，与他们所在的城市几乎没有什么联系。以英格兰为例，他们的足球联赛分层结构允许许多城市和一个城市的许多部门代表九个不同的足球部门，大多数职业俱乐部在工业革命期间与英格兰的工人阶级有着深厚的文化联系。在英国，对于热情的球迷来说，支持自己所在城市以外的球队是禁忌，但在美国，这几乎是意料之中的，因为只有0.01%以上的城市有职业水平的球队。这确实凸显了美国体育文化与欧洲以及其他国家和世界体育文化的差异。此外，英格兰和大多数欧洲国家的面积使得乘火车去看客场比赛是负担得起的，而如果你住在洛杉矶，去纽约看你的球队比赛将花费你一大笔钱。
I'm actually quite hazy on the details here, but in Europe basically a teenager starts training to be a professional football player when he is 11-13. At that point, school really doesn't matter since football youth academies have no formal lixs with higher education. In North American sports, it's almost expected that a player at least start attending college and playing on a college team before being drafted to a professional team. This difference is highlighted by the fact that the career of footballers end much earlier than other popular U.S. athletes, since age takes a harsh toll on a player's legs by the time they hit 30. I really don't know the youth setup in the United States, but I know that it is not that good at all since I personally know friends that have gone through it that are not that good. In fact the only kid who was really good in my area was signed by Liverpool (an English team) and plays in the second German division on loan, so it goes to show that America does not even keep the talents it does produce. 实际上我对这里的细节不太清楚，但是在欧洲，基本上青少年在11-13岁时开始训练成为职业足球运动员。在这一点上，学校真的不重要，因为足球青年学院与高等教育没有正式的联系。在北美的体育运动中，几乎可以预期一名球员在被选入职业球队之前至少要开始上大学并在大学球队打球。足球运动员的职业生涯比其他受欢迎的美国运动员结束得早，这一事实凸显了这种差异，因为年龄会在球员30岁之前对他们的腿造成严重的伤害。我真的不了解美国的青少年规划，但我知道它一点也不好，就个人而言，因为我知道有过这样经历的朋友并不是那么好。事实上，我所在地区唯一一个真正优秀的孩子是被利物浦(一支英国球队)签下的，并被租借到德国乙级联赛踢球，所以这表明美国甚至无法留住它培养出来的人才。
It's actually quite bad!It is no secret that the MLS has low quality play compared to leagues considered "good". Sometimes there is a good shot that the keeper can't save but most of the time the passing, defending, and first-touch of the players is awful. The league is starting to get the reputation of a magnet for European & South American players who are past their prime and too old to play in Europe, while maximizing their remaining salary potential by playing in a highly-commercialized, noncompetitive league . Manchester City FC, a very high profile team in England, just announced their plans to start an MLS franchise that would serve as their B team (google "New York City FC"). If the MLS develops into Europe's romping ground, the quality might increase but at that point the league is less about North America and more an extension of European football. 事实上很糟糕！众所周知，相对于一些被认为“优秀”的联赛，美国职业足球大联盟（MLS）的比赛质量普遍较低。有时可能会出现门将无法扑救的好机会，但大多数情况下球员的传球、防守和第一触球都令人不满。该联赛开始获得吸引欧洲和南美球员的声誉，南美球员已经过了巅峰时期，年龄太大，无法在欧洲踢球，同时通过在高度商业化、非竞争性的联赛中踢球，最大限度地发挥他们剩余的工资潜力。曼彻斯特城市足球俱乐部，一个在英格兰非常引人注目的球队，刚刚宣布他们计划成立一支美国职业足球大联盟的职业足球队，将作为他们的B队(上谷歌搜索“纽约城足球俱乐部”)。如果美国职业足球大联盟发展成为欧洲的游乐场，质量可能会提高，但到那时，联盟与北美的关系就会减少，而更多地是欧洲足球的延伸。 原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
Honestly I think the MLS has taken great strides in the past 10 years, and the move of David Beckham to the LA Galaxy and the USMNT's relative success in the 2010 World Cup is making football more popular in the USA. 老实说，我认为美国职业足球大联盟在过去的10年里取得了长足的进步，大卫·贝克汉姆转会到洛杉矶银河队，以及美国足球国家队在2010年世界杯上的相对成功使足球在美国更受欢迎。
Chris RiceWhy is soccer not more popular as a spectator sport in the US?Low-scoring games.But to be more precise, it's not just about low-scoring games -- it's about the lack of a sense of progress in the game. American spectators are used to seeing a change in the state of the game that is permanent, or at least very hard to reverse (other than the time on the clock). Of course, a change in the score counts as permanent progress, but that's pretty much it and doesn't happen often. Other American sports have more things that can be counted as progress. 在美国，为什么作为一项观赏性运动的足球不那么受欢迎？低得分的比赛。但更确切地说，问题不仅仅在于比赛得分低，而是在于比赛中缺乏进展感。美国观众习惯于看到比赛状态发生永久性变化，或者至少是很难逆转的变化（除了比赛时间）。当然，比分变化也可以算是永久性的进展，但基本上就是这样，而且不经常发生。其他美国体育项目有更多可以算作进展的因素。低比分游戏。
Consider in American football when a pass is completed. That progress is, while not quite permanent, at least more permanent than a similar pass in soccer (calling it soccer here to avoid confusion with American football). The other football team can't reverse that progress as easily as one could in soccer. The effort it took to get the ball to that point is more interesting because once the gain is made, it sticks.To underscore my point, I've noticed that when my friends watch soccer with me (I'm always the one wanting to watch), the only thing that piques their interest as much as a goal is a red card, because a red card means the game has changed in a real and permanent way. 想想美式橄榄球中传球完成的时候。这种进步虽然不是永久的，但至少比足球中的类似传球更持久(这里称其为足球“soccer”，以避免与美式橄榄球混淆)。另一方面橄榄球队无法像足球队那样轻易扭转这种进展。球传到那一点所花费的努力更有趣，因为一旦取得进展，优势就会保持下来。为了强调我的观点，我注意到，当我的朋友和我一起看足球比赛时(我总是那个想看足球比赛的人)，唯一能像进球一样激起他们兴趣的是一张红牌，因为红牌意味着比赛已经发生了真正的、永久的变化。