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导读
阅读理解是联考英语的重头戏,如何做好阅读理解题?今天,众凯教育给同学们整理了英语阅读中必须掌握的词汇量。
可分为三大类:
核心词汇一:功能性词汇
核心词汇二:态度观点信号词
核心词汇三:逻辑信号词
核心词汇一:功能性词汇
1、功能动词
(1) 表示“分类”:
vt. 分类;分等
Books are usually classified according to their subjects.
书籍通常是按科目分的。
assort [ə'sɔːt]
v. 把…分级;把…归为一类; 相称,相配(with)
These buttonsdo not assort with the samples.
这些纽扣与样品不符。
categorize ['kætəɡəraɪz]
vt. 分类,把…分类(或分等级);把…归入一类(或同一等级)
This mirrors the way we categorize things in the real world.
这反映了我们在现实世界中分类事物的方法。
label ['leɪb(ə)l]
vt. 标注;贴标签于
n. 标签;商标;签条
The produce was labelled "Made in China."
该产品上贴有“中国制造”的标签。
(2) 表示“造成”:
cause, lead to, result in, bring about,bring on, give rise to
trigger ['trɪgə]
v. 触发,引起
Some people find that certain foods trigger their headaches.
有人发现某些特定的食物会引发他们的头痛。
(3) 表示“做”:
conduct
['kɒndʌkt]
v. 实施;进行;引导,带领;举止,表现;传导(电或热)
n. 行为;实施
conduct a survey/an experiment 进行一项调查/做试验
carry out, be under way
implement ['ɪmplɪment]
v. 执行,贯彻,实施
How do you implement this practice?
您如何执行这个实践?
commit [kə'mɪt]
v.把…交托给,提交; 犯(错误),干(坏事)
Women commit fewer crimes than men.
女性犯罪比男性少。
(4) 表示“评估”:
evaluate [ɪ'væljueɪt]
v. 评价,评估
Our research attempts to evaluate the effectiveness of the different drugs.
我们的研究试图对不同药物的疗效进行评估。
appraise [ə'preiz]
vt. 评价,鉴定;估价
They tried to appraise the poet-ry of John Milton.
他们试图评价弥尔顿的诗。
assess [ə'ses]
v. 评估,评定
Exams are not the only means of assessing a student's ability.
考试不是评估一个学生能力的唯一方法。
judge [dʒʌdʒ]
vt. 判断;审判
vi. 审判;判决
n. 法官;裁判员
Sandra’s a very good judge of character.
桑德拉很善于判断人的性格。
(5) 表示“期望”:
expect [ik'spekt]
vt. 期望;指望;认为;预料
vi. 期待;预期
I expect that the weather will be nice.
我想天气会好的。
anticipate [æn'tɪsɪpeɪt]
v. 预期,预料
be better/worse than anticipated
比预期要好/差
long for, look forward to, hope, wish
(6) 表示“拥有”:
have, own,hold
possess [pə'zes]
vt. 拥有,控制
She possesses the unusual talent of knowing when to say nothing.
她有一个不寻常的天赋,那就是知道什么时候该保持沉默。
be in possession of, belong to
(7) 表示“掌控”:
control, be in charge of
dominate ['dɒmɪneɪt]
v. 控制;支配;占优势
She must dominate her passions.
她必须控制自己的情感。
monitor ['mɒnɪtə]
n. 监视器;显示屏
vt. 监控
The government is monitoring the situation closely .
政府正密切关注着局势。
supervise ['suːpəvaɪz]
v. 监督,管理,指导
The children play while two teachers supervise.
孩子们在两位老师的监管下玩耍。
(8) 表示“破坏”:
damage, ruin, destroy
spoil [spɒɪl]
vt. 溺爱,破坏
Grandparents are likely to spoil the kids.
爷爷奶奶们很可能溺爱孩子。
devastate ['devəsteit]
vt. 毁灭;毁坏
The hurricane devastated a large section of the coast.
飓风毁坏了沿海地区的大部分。
raze [reiz]
vt. 夷为平地;破坏;消除;拆毁
His hometown was razed to the ground during the war.
他的家乡在战争中被夷为平地。
wreck [rek]
v. /n. 失事,拆毁,遇难
The storm wrecked our garden.
暴风雪摧毁了我们的花园。
(9) 表示“理解,知道”:
understand, be aware of, be conscious of, recognize, appreciate
(10) 表示“很多”:
many, a good many, a flood of, a wealth of, plenty of, a great number of, a great deal of
numerous ['njuːm(ə)rəs]
adj. 许多的,很多的
I have numerous engagements next week.
下星期我有许多约会。
considerable [kən'sidərəbl]
adj. 相当大的;重要的,值得考虑的
He owns considerable real estate.
他拥有相当可观的房地产。
substantial [səb'stænʃ(ə)l]
adj. 大量的;实质的;内容充实的
Substantial numbers of people support the reform.
相当多的人支持这些改革措施。
abundant [ə'bʌndənt]
adj. 丰富的;充裕的;盛产
Our country is abundant in minerals.
我国矿产非常丰富。
(11) 表示“有联系”:
relate to, correlate to, associate with, connect to, link with, be linked to
(12) 表示“表明,证明”:
show
demonstrate ['demənstreɪt]
v. 证明,证实;示范,演示;展示,表露出;*行游**,*威示**
These results demonstrate convincingly that our campaign is working.
这些结果有力地证明,我们的运动正在发挥作用。
manifest ['mænɪfest]
v. 证明,表明;显示
adj. 显然的,明显的;明白的
Her actions manifested a complete disregard for personal safety.
她的行为证明她完全不顾个人安危。
prove [pruːv]
vt. 证明;检验;显示
vi. 证明是
The design proved to be a success.
那个设计后来证明很成功。
reveal [rɪ'viːl]
vt. 显示;透露;揭露;泄露
A survey of the American diet has revealed that a growing number of people are overweight.
一项有关美国人日常饮食的调查表明越来越多的人超重。
(13) 表示“参与”:
take part in, participate in, be involved in
2、功能形容词
(1) 表示“相反”:
opposing [ə'pəuziŋ]
adj. 反对的;相对的;对面的
His motion was opposed by most members.
他的提议遭到大多数成员的反对。
contradictory [,kɔntrə'diktəri]
adj. 矛盾的;反对的;反驳的;抗辩的
(2) 表示“反对”:
against, be opposed to, be averse to …, object to
(3) 表示“调整适应”:
adjust to, adapt to, gear to
accommodate [ə'kɒmədeɪt]
v.适应;供应;容纳
She tried to accommodate her way of life to his.
她试图使自己的生活方式与他的生活方式相适应。
(4) 表示“很可能,倾向于”:
be likely to, be apt to, be prone to, be inclined to, tend to
(5) 表示“足够”:
enough
adequate ['ædikwit]
adj. 充足的;适当的;胜任的
I have no adequate preparation.
我没有充分的准备。
ample ['æmp(ə)l]
adj. 丰富的,足够的
You'll have ample opportunity to ask questions after the talk.
演讲之后你有足够的机会提问问题。
sufficient [sə'fɪʃənt]
adj. 足够的,充足的
We need sufficient time to deal with the problem.
我们需要足够的时间来处理这个问题。
(6) 表示“好”:
good, great, amazing, fantastic
fabulous ['fæbjuləs]
adj. 难以置信的;传说的,寓言中的;极好的
marvelous ['mɑ:viləs]
adj. 了不起的;非凡的;令人惊异的;不平常的
Then he enjoyed the marvelous performance.
然后他欣赏起这妙极的演出来。
magnificent [mæg'nɪfɪs(ə)nt]
adj. 壮丽的,宏伟的
magnificent ancient buildings
壮丽的古建筑
miraculous [mi'rækjuləs]
adj. 不可思议的,奇迹的
The wounded man made a miraculous recovery.
伤员奇迹般地痊愈了。
terrific [tə'rifik]
adj. 极好的;极其的,非常的;可怕的
gorgeous ['ɡɔ:dʒəs]
adj. 华丽的,灿烂的;极好的
(7) 表示“难以置信”:
unbelievable, unimaginable
incredible [ɪn'kredɪb(ə)l]
adj. 难以置信的,惊人的
That’s the most incredible incidence I’ve ever heard of.
那是我听过的最难以置信的巧合了。
(8) 表示“重要”:
important
critical ['kritikəl]
adj. 鉴定的;[核] 临界的;批评的,爱挑剔的;危险的;决定性的;评论的
We had better call in a specialist at this critical moment.
在这个关键时刻我们最好请一位专家来。
crucial ['kru:ʃəl]
adj. 重要的;决定性的;定局的;决断的
If you work for yourself, this is just as crucial.
如果你是为自己工作,这就更加重要了。
essential [i'senʃəl]
adj. 基本的;必要的;本质的;精华的
n. 本质;要素;要点;必需品
We see this as essential for the success of any development effort.
我们把这看作是任何开发工作成功的必要因素。
fundamental [,fʌndə'mentəl]
adj. 基本的,根本的
n. 基本原理;基本原则
This decision represents the fundamental interests of the people.
这个决定反映了广大人民的根本利益。
foremost ['fɔ:məust]
adj. 最重要的;最先的
adv. 首先;居于首位地
First and foremost, we believe that they wish to take away our property.
首先也是最重要的是,我们相信他们要剥夺我们的财产。
significant [sig'nifikənt]
adj. 重大的;有效的;有意义的;值得注意的;意味深长的
n. 象征;有意义的事物
But if they do, it will be significant for a few reasons.
但是,如果他们真的这样做,这必有几个重要的原因。
vital ['vaitəl]
adj. 至关重要的;生死攸关的;有活力的
This was vital; I wanted other parents to be able to profit from our experience.
这是至关重要的,我希望其他的父母能够从我们的经验中收益。
(9) 表示“不可缺少”:
necessary
indispensable [ɪndɪ'spensəb(ə)l]
adj. 不可缺少的;绝对必要的;责无旁贷的
n. 不可缺少之物;必不可少的人
Dictionaries are indispensable in English study.
学英语, 词典是少不得的。
integral [ˈɪntɪɡrəl]
adj. 积分的;完整的,整体的;构成整体所必须的
n. 积分;部分;完整
(10) 表示“明显的”:
obvious, apparent, clear, evident, overt
distinct [dɪ'stɪŋ(k)t]
adj. 明显的;独特的;清楚的;有区别的
Inside there was a distinct odour.
里面有一种明显的气味。
manifest ['mænɪfest]
adj. 显然的,明显的;明白的
(11) 表示“复杂的”:
complicated ['kɒmplɪkeɪtɪd]
adj. 难懂的,复杂的
I will tell you, sooner or later, all the complicated process.
我迟早要把这一复杂的过程全部告诉你。
complex ['kɒmpleks]
adj. 复杂的;合成的
Not complex at all.
一点都不复杂。
involved [ɪn'vɒlvd]
adj. 有关的;卷入的;复杂的
He turned them in to the police for being involved in the riot.
他向警方告发他们卷入了*乱暴**。
sophisticated [sə'fɪstɪkeɪtɪd]
adj. 复杂的;精致的;久经世故的;富有经验的
sophisticated equipment 尖端设备
(12) 表示“有前景”:
promising ['prɒmɪsɪŋ]
adj. 有希望的,有前途的
We're trying to bring along several promising young football player.
我们正设法培养出几个有前途的年轻足球运动员。
potential [pəˈtenʃl]
adj. 潜在的;可能的
market potential [经]市场潜力
prospective [prə'spektɪv]
adj. 未来的;预期的
prospective customer 潜在顾客
3、功能副词
(1) 表示“主要,根本上”:
mainly, basically
chiefly ['tʃiːflɪ]
adv. 主要地;首先
A man's success depends chiefly on himself.
一个人的成功主要靠自已。
essentially [ɪ'senʃ(ə)lɪ]
adv. 本质上;本来
But Essentially 而实质上
primarily ['praɪm(ə)rɪlɪ; praɪ'mer-]
adv. 首先;主要地,根本上
In search, we make our money primarily from advertisements for products.
我们在搜索领域的收入主要来自于产品广告。
principally ['prɪnsɪp(ə)lɪ]
adv. 主要地;大部分
principally target 主要目标
(2) 表示“仅仅,只不过”:
only, just, merely, no more than, solely
exclusively [ɪk'skluːsɪvlɪ]
adv. 唯一地;专有地;排外地
(3) 表示“非常,很”:
very, greatly, awfully, badly, highly
enormously [ɪ'nɔːməslɪ]
adv. 巨大地,庞大地;非常地,在极大程度上
inprove enormously 提高极大
extremely [ɪk'striːmlɪ; ek-]
adv. 非常,极其;极端地
extremely useful 非常有用
radically ['rædɪkəlɪ]
adv. 根本上;彻底地;以激进的方式
You will need to radically change your thinking about life.
你将需要在根本上改变你对生活的想法。
excessively [ek'sesɪvlɪ]
adv. 过分地;极度
excessively cautious 过度小心的
(4) 表示“大约”:
about, around, or so, some
approximately [ə'prɒksɪmətlɪ]
adv. 大约,近似地;近于
approximately equal 近似等于
(5) 表示“实际上,实质上”:
actually, as a matter of fact, in fact, in effect, really
practically ['præktɪk(ə)lɪ]
adv. 实际地;几乎;事实上
My knowledge of the subject is practically nil.
我在这方面的知识几乎等于零。
virtually [ˈvəːtʃʊəli]
adv. 事实上,几乎;实质上
virtually unuseable 几乎无法使用的
4、其他
(1) 表示“关于”:
about,in regard to, respecting, on, with respect to, in terms of
(2) 表示“同时”:
at the same time, in the meantime, meanwhile
simultaneously [,sɪml'teɪnɪəslɪ]
adv. 同时地
So we think they have to proceed simultaneously, " she added.
因此,我们认为两个问题必须同时进行。
synchronously ['siŋkrənəsli]
adv. 同步地;同时地
fulfilled synchronously 同步完成
(3) 表示“根据”:
according to, based on, in the light of
(4) 表示“暗示,线索”:
clue [kluː]
n. 线索;(故事等的)情节
vt. 为…提供线索;为…提供情况
clue in 向...提供情况
clew [kluː]
n. 线索;线团
vt. 提示;绕成线球
He clewed us in on how the accident happened.
他把事故发生的情况告诉给我们。
hint [hɪnt]
n. 暗示;线索
vt. 暗示;示意
vi. 示意
You were too obtuse to take the hint.
你太迟钝了, 没有理解这种暗示。
implication [ɪmplɪ'keɪʃ(ə)n]
n. 含义;暗示;牵连,卷入;可能的结果,影响
by implication 含蓄地;暗示地
核心词汇二:态度观点信号词
(1) 论点,表示“认为,相信”:
argue, argument, believe, suppose, think
be convinced that, hold the belief that, have a notion that, view…as, regard….as, see…as, consider….to be
reckon ['rek(ə)n]
vt. 测算,估计;认为;计算
vi. 估计;计算;猜想,料想
We reckon him to be the best goalkeeper in the world.
我们认为他是世界上最好的足球守门员。
(2) 论据,表示“举例”:
for example, for instance, take… as an example, like, such as
specifically [spɪ'sɪfɪkəlɪ]
adv.具体地,明确地
Specifically, you need to create an instance variable for each dynamic component that youdefined on the view.
具体地,您需要为您在视图上定义的每一个动态组件创建一个实例变量。
(3) 表示“调查,研究”:
investigation, inquiry, research, study, survey, report, questionnaire, measurement report, measurement
(4) 表示“得出结论”:
conclude that … , come to a conclusion that …., draw a conclusion that …
(5) 表示“预测”:
forecast, foretell, foresee, predict
(6) 表示“赞同”:
agree, approve, consent to
(7) 表示“反对”:
against, disagree, disapprove, object to, be opposed to
dissent [dɪ'sent]
vi. 不同意;不信奉国教
n. 异议;(大写)不信奉国教
concur dissent 同意
(8) 表示“事实”:
belief, fact, reality, truth
(9) 表示“理论,设想”:
theory
assumption [ə'sʌm(p)ʃ(ə)n]
n. 假定;设想;担任;采取
The assumption that all tests should be trivial and quick.
人们总是设想所有的测试应该短小快速。
hypothesis [haɪ'pɒθɪsɪs]
n. 假设
These are arguments in favor of this hypothesis.
这些就是支持这个假设的论据。
(10) 表示“目的”:
to do, aim at, for the sake of, for, serve as, in favor of, for the purpose of, intend to do
(11) 常见专家头衔:
[专家] expert, specialist
[顾问] consultant
[教授] professor
[副教授] associate professor
[社会学家] sociologist
[语言学家] linguist
[经济学家] economist
[心理学家] psychologist
[行为学家] behaviorist
[哲学家] philosopher
[人类学家] anthropologist
[考古学家] archaeologist
核心词汇三:逻辑信号词
(1) 表示原因:
Because, since , as , for
because of , thanks to , owing to , due to , as a result of ,by/in virtue of
(2) 表示结果:
so(that), accordingly[因此], as a result, consequently, for this(that) reason, hence, therefore
(3) 表示因果:
A account for / be responsible for B
A cause / lead to / result in / bring about / bring on / trigger /give rise to B
(4) 表示转折:
但是,然而:but , however; yet , nevertheless, whereas
尽管,虽然(后接句子):although , though, even though , while , not with standing
尽管,虽然(后接词组):despite; in spite of
相反:conversely,on the contrary
另一方面:on the other hand
(5) 表示比较:
by comparison, in contrast (相比之下), in the same way, similarly
(6) 表示递进:
also, besides, furthermore, in addition, in particular(特别地), more importantly, moreover, what’s more
(7) 表示概括:
in brief, in conclusion, in short, in a word, in sum, to sum up, on the whole, to conclude
(8) 表示并列:
and , or , at the same time, meanwhile , as well as
一次比较全面的汇总了,同学们抓紧收藏起来吧!开卷有益哦~~~
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