1
Joe Biden picks Kamala Harris as his running mate
拜登选择哈里斯为竞选搭档
Joe Biden has named Kamala Harris as his running mate, making the California senator the first Black and South Asian American woman to run on a major political party's presidential ticket. "I've decided that Kamala Harris is the best person to help me take this fight to Trump and Mike Pence and then to lead this nation starting in January 2021," the presumptive① Democratic presidential nominee wrote in an email Tuesday. The two appeared together for the first time for a speech Wednesday in Wilmington, Delaware. Harris, 55, is now the third woman to serve as a vice presidential candidate for a major political party. Aware that his age could be a concern to some voters, Biden, 77, has said that he is "a bridge" to a new slate② of Democratic leaders, and by selecting Harris, more than 20 years his junior, he has elevated③ a leading figure from a younger generation within the party. (CNN)
乔·拜登已提名加州参议员卡玛拉·哈里斯为其竞选搭档，哈里斯因此将成为美国主要政*党**中第一位非裔及南亚裔女性副总统候选人。8月11日，基本锁定民主*党**总统候选人提名的拜登在电邮中写道：“我认为卡玛拉·哈里斯是最佳人选，她将帮助我打败特朗普和麦克·彭斯，然后于2021年1月开始领导这个国家。”12日，他们两人首次一同在特拉华州威尔明顿亮相并发表演讲。哈里斯现年55岁，是美国主要政*党**中第三位获得副总统候选人提名的女性。现年77岁的拜登意识到他的高龄可能让一些选民担忧，因此称自己将“承前启后”，为民主*党**新一代领导人铺路。通过选择比自己小20多岁的哈里斯，拜登也表明自己已开始栽培民主*党**内年轻一代的领军人物。
【注释】
① presumptive: [prɪˈzʌmptɪv] adj. likely to be true, based on the facts that are available很可能的；假设的；推断的
② slate: [sleɪt] n. a list of the candidates in an election（选举中的）候选人名单
③ elevate: [ˈelɪveɪt] v. to give sb./sth. a higher position or rank, often more important than they deserve提拔，晋升，提升（到不应有的位置）
2
Putin claims Russia has developed a coronavirus vaccine
普京宣称俄罗斯已研发出新冠疫苗
Russian President Vladimir Putin says a coronavirus vaccine① developed in the country has been registered for use and one of his daughters has already been inoculated②. Speaking at a government meeting on state television Tuesday, Putin emphasized that the vaccine has proven efficient during tests and offers a lasting immunity③ from the coronavirus. Putin added that it's important to start mass production of the vaccine as soon as possible. Russian authorities have said medical workers, teachers and other risk groups will be the first to be inoculated. Russia is the first country to register a coronavirus vaccine. Many scientists there and abroad have been skeptical, however, questioning the decision to register it before Phase 3 trials that normally last for months and involve thousands of people. Russia's rapid pace "highlights its determination to win the global race" for a vaccine but "has stirred concerns that it may be putting national prestige before science and safety," Reuters points out. (CBS)
俄罗斯总统弗拉基米尔·普京表示，俄罗斯研制的新冠病毒疫苗已注册使用，他的一个女儿已经接种。8月11日，普京在国家电视台播出的一次政府会议上强调，这款疫苗经过了测试，证明有效，能对新冠病毒持久免疫。普京补充道，重要的是疫苗尽快投入批量生产。俄罗斯当局表示，医务工作者、教师和其他高风险群体将是首批接种者。俄罗斯是第一个注册冠状病毒疫苗的国家。然而，俄境内外很多科学家对此持怀疑态度，质疑当局未等第三期临床试验结束就决定注册疫苗，第三期试验通常要持续数月，需千万人参与。路透社指出，俄罗斯的快速行动“凸显了其赢得全球疫苗竞赛的决心”，但“使人担心此举是将国家声誉置于科学和安全要求之上”。
【注释】
① vaccine: [ˈvæksiːn] n. a substance that is put into the blood and that protects the body from a disease 疫苗；菌苗
② inoculate: [i'nɔkjuleit] v. to protect a person or an animal from catching a particular disease by injecting them with a mild form of the disease（给……）接种，打预防针
③ immunity: [i'mju:nəti] n. the body’s ability to avoid or not be affected by infection and disease 免疫力
3
Middlemarch and other works by women reissued under their real names
《米德尔马契》等女性作家作品以真名再版发行
Novels written by women using male pen names have been reissued using the authors' actual names. The collection includes George Eliot's Middlemarch, which has been reissued under the author's real name, Mary Ann Evans, for the first time. The Reclaim Her Name library collection runs to 25 titles① in all, featuring newly commissioned② cover artwork from female designers. The 25 titles have been released to mark the 25th anniversary of the Women's Prize for Fiction③. Other titles in the collection include A Phantom Lover, a gothic horror novel Violet Paget published under the pen name Vernon Lee. Also featured is Indiana by George Sand, the male pseudonym used by the 19th Century French novelist Amantine Aurore Dupin. Founder director of the Women's Prize for Fiction, Kate Mosse, said it was "a lovely way to celebrate" the award's 25th anniversary. She said the initiative would continue a process of "empowering④ women, igniting conversations and ensuring they get the recognition they deserve". (BBC)
女作家曾用男性笔名发表的小说现以作者真名再版发行。这套丛书包括乔治·艾略特的《米德尔马契》，该书首次以作者真名玛丽·安·埃文斯再版。“夺回她姓名”系列丛书共25部，新书封面均委托女设计师完成。发行这25部作品是为了纪念百利女性小说奖创办25周年。丛书其他书目还包括《幻影情人》，这部哥特式恐怖小说之前由维奥莱特·佩吉特以“弗农·李”的笔名出版。同样收录的还有乔治·桑的《英迪亚娜》，“乔治·桑”是19世纪法国小说家阿曼蒂娜·奥萝尔·杜邦所使用的男性笔名。百利女性小说奖创始人兼总监凯特·莫斯说，这是庆祝该奖项创办25周年的“绝佳方式”。她表示，此举将继续推进“女性赋权、激励沟通并确保女性获得应有认可”的进程。
【注释】
① title: [ˈtaɪtl] n. a particular book or magazine（书刊的）一种，一本
② commission: [kəˈmɪʃn] v. to officially ask somebody to write, make or create something or to do a task for you正式委托（谱写、制作、创作或完成）
③ Women's Prize for Fiction：百利女性小说奖（2014年开始由百利甜酒赞助）是英国的一项年度文学奖项，奖励给任何国籍的女性作家以英语创作、上一年出版的长篇虚构作品。
④ empower: [ɪmˈpaʊə(r)] v. to give somebody more control over their own life or the situation they are in增加（某人的）自主权；使控制局势
4
'Operation empty plate': Xi Jinping makes food waste his next target
“光盘行动”：习*平近**就餐饮浪费行为做出指示
The Chinese leader, Xi Jinping, has launched a campaign targeting① a new enemy of the country: food waste. “Waste is shameful and thriftiness② is honourable,” Xi said in a speech published on Tuesday, describing the amount of food that goes to waste in the country as “shocking and distressing③”, according to the state news agency Xinhua. He added: “We should still maintain a sense of crisis about food security. The impact of this year’s Covid-19 pandemic④ has sounded⑤ the alarm.” The focus on food waste comes after weeks of mass flooding across the country wiped out crops, contributing to rising food prices–already higher after the Covid-19 outbreak paralysed⑥ the Chinese economy. Faced with trade tensions with the US and other countries, food security–always a priority for China – has become even more important. As much as 20% to 30% of China’s grains are imported, according to estimates. (The Guardian)
中国国家领导人习*平近**发起了一项针对“食物浪费”这一国家新敌人的运动。据新华社报道，习*平近**11日发表讲话说“浪费可耻，节约光荣”，他指出国内粮食浪费数量“触目惊心，令人痛心”。他还说：“对粮食安全始终要有危机意识，今年全球新冠肺炎疫情所带来的影响更是给我们敲响了警钟。”对食物浪费的关注源于持续数周之久、波及全国各地的严重洪灾，洪水导致大量农作物被毁，造成食品价格上涨——新冠疫情暴发令中国经济陷入瘫痪之后，食品价格已有所提高。面对与美国及其他国家的贸易紧张局势，中国一向关注的头等大事——粮食安全问题——已变得尤为重要。据估计，目前中国多达20%至30%的粮食依靠进口。
【注释】
① target: [ˈtɑːɡɪt] v. to try to have an effect on a particular group of people 面向
② thriftiness: [θrɪftɪnɪs] n. frugality in the expenditure of money or resources 节俭
③ distressing：[dɪˈstresɪŋ] adj. making you feel extremely upset, especially because somebody is suffering. 悲伤的
④ pandemic: [pænˈdemɪk] n. an occurrence of a disease that affects many people over a very wide area. 流行病
⑤ sound: [saʊnd] v. to give a signal such as a warning by making a sound鸣警报；拉响警报；发出警报
⑥ paralyse: [ˈpærəlaɪz] v. to prevent something from functioning normally 使瘫痪
5
North Korea makes a push to① reach foreign audiences on YouTube and Twitter
朝鲜努力通过视频网站“油管”和社交媒体“推特”吸引外国观众
To the accompaniment of jangly② guitars, a woman wearing glasses, short hair and a red overcoat shows off the landmarks of the North Korean capital, Pyongyang. "Every building in Pyongyang is going through general cleaning to shake off winter dust," she says in English in a recent YouTube video. In line with a new effort to give its stolid③ state propaganda a makeover and reach out to④ foreign audiences, North Korea has established a foothold⑤ in Western social media via videos like these on YouTube and on Twitter. Rachel Minyoung Lee, a former North Korea analyst for the U.S. government, says the use of Western social media is a new twist to a nearly two-decade North Korean strategy of using the Internet to shape foreign perceptions⑥ of the country. (NPR)
在丁当作响的吉他乐声中，一位身穿大红外套、戴着眼镜的短发女子展示着朝鲜首都平壤的地标性建筑。“平壤的每栋建筑都在进行大扫除，以扫除冬季尘土。”在最近发布的油管视频中，她用英语如是解说。为将自己呆板的国家宣传改头换面，同时吸引外国观众，朝鲜以油管和推特等西方社交媒体发布的视频为立足点，努力改善其国家形象。美国政府前朝鲜问题分析师蕾切尔•明扬•李表示，近20年来朝鲜一直利用互联网塑造其他国家对朝鲜的看法，目前利用西方社交媒体是该策略的新举措。
【注释】
① make a push to do sth.: make an effort to do sth. 努力做某事
② jangly: [ˈdʒæŋɡli] adj. making a ringing sound, like metal hitting metal丁当作响的
③ stolid: [ˈstɒlɪd] adj. (usu. disapproving) not showing much emotion or interest; remaining always the same and not reacting or changing 不动感情的；不关心的；淡漠的；无动于衷的
④ reach out to sb.: to show sb. that you are interested in them and/or want to help them表示对某人感兴趣；表示愿意提供援助
⑤ foothold: [ˈfʊthəʊld] n. (usu. single) a strong position in a business, profession, etc. from which sb. can make progress and achieve success（可以此发展或取得成功的）稳固地位，立足点
⑥ perception: [pəˈsepʃn] n. an idea, a belief or an image you have as a result of how you see or understand sth. 看法，见解
6
PSG in Champions League① semi-finals after late goals shatter Atalanta
最后阶段连入两球，巴黎淘汰亚特兰大挺进欧冠四强
Paris St-Germain② scored two late goals in a sensational comeback③ against Atalanta④ to reach the Champions League semi-finals for the first time in 25 years. PSG have made a habit of finding improbable ways to lose in the Champions League since their emergence as a global force - with Barcelona's comeback from 4-0 down three years ago perhaps the most notable. A night of frustration for PSG forward Neymar as he had missed one glorious chance looked set to ensure more continental disappointment for the French champions as unfancied Atalanta led through Mario Pasalic. But the Brazil forward then laid on a 90th-minute equaliser⑤ for Marquinhos and substitute Kylian Mbappe teed up⑥ former Stoke⑦ striker Eric Maxim Choupo-Moting to slide in the winner. PSG will now face RB Leipzig⑧ in the first semi-final Tuesday night. (BBC)
在欧洲冠军联赛八强战中，巴黎圣日耳曼最后时刻连入两球，上演惊人逆转，击败对手亚特兰大，25年来首次打入欧冠半决赛。跻身世界足球劲旅后，巴黎圣日耳曼在欧冠赛场上匪夷所思地习惯性输球——3年前对阵巴塞罗那时丢掉4-0的领先优势惨遭逆转大概是最让人耿耿于怀的。与亚特兰大对阵的这个晚上，对于巴黎圣日耳曼的前锋内马尔来说充满了挫败感，他很早就得到一次绝佳进球机会却错过了；而不被看好的亚特兰大通过马里奥·帕萨利奇的进球取得领先，法甲冠军在欧洲赛场上取得成就的愿望在这个夜晚看来又将落空。但是，内马尔随后在第90分钟助攻马尔基尼奥斯扳平比分，而替补出场的基里安·姆巴佩传球给前斯托克城前锋埃里克·马克西姆·舒波-莫廷，后者完成铲射，打进制胜一球。巴黎圣日耳曼将在第一场半决赛中与莱比锡红牛交手，比赛将在周二晚（北京时间8月19日凌晨3时）举行。
【注释】
① Champions League：欧洲冠军联赛是欧洲足联主办的年度足球比赛，代表欧洲俱乐部足球最高荣誉，常被誉为全世界最高影响力的俱乐部级赛事。
② Paris St-Germain：巴黎圣日耳曼是一家位于法国首都巴黎的足球俱乐部，现于法国足球甲级联赛参赛，于2019/20赛季获得联赛冠军。
③ comeback: [ˈkʌmbæk] n. an occurrence of an athlete or sports team in a competition overcoming a substantial disadvantage in points to win or draw 逆转
④ Atalanta：亚特兰大乃一家位于意大利伦巴第省贝加莫市的足球俱乐部，现于意大利甲级联赛参赛。
⑤ equalizer: [ˈiːkwəlaɪzə(r)] n. (especially in football) a goal that makes the score of both teams equal 扳平比分的得分
⑥ tee up: to pass the ball to someone, facilitating a shot 传球给队友，使其射门
⑦ Stoke：斯托克城是位于英格兰特伦特河畔斯托克的足球俱乐部，现于英格兰足球超级联赛参赛。
⑧ RB Leipzig：莱比锡红牛是一家位于德国萨克森州莱比锡的足球俱乐部，2016/17赛季登陆德国足球甲级联赛。
（北京化工大学杨云千、杨淼惠、李诗兰编译，张菊审订）