全世界有90%的自然灾害都是与天气、气候或水相关的灾害，包括洪涝，干旱，海啸，地震等。自然灾害是无法由人类控制的，但早期预警可以减小灾害造成的损失。
90% of the world's natural disasters are weather, climate, or water-related, including floods, droughts, tsunamis, earthquakes and so on. Natural disasters cannot be controlled by humans, but early warning can reduce the damage caused by them.
Natural disaster/hazard 自然灾害
1. earthquake 地震
After the earthquake, only a few houses were left standing.
地震后只剩几座房子没倒。
earthquake 是由 earth（地球）和 quake（震动，晃动）组成，地球震动即“地震”，分开记忆更好掌握。
2. flood 洪水，水灾
The heavy rain has caused floods in many parts of the country.
大雨使全国许多地方泛滥成灾。
a great disaster 洪水猛兽
3. drought 干旱，旱灾
The crops died during the drought.
干旱期间庄稼都枯死了。
人生四大喜事之一的“久旱逢甘霖”，翻译成英文是 a good rain after a long drought，
那么“久旱逢甘霖, 他乡遇故知。”就是：
To meet an old friend in a distant land is like refreshing rain after a long drought.
4. tsunami 海啸
A powerful offshore quake could cause a large tsunami which could reach the shore within minutes.
一场强烈的近海地震可能引发一场巨大的海啸，并且在几分钟内就可以到达海岸。
5. hurricane 飓风（尤指加勒比海的热带旋风）
People were swimming in the ocean despite the hurricane warning.
尽管有飓风警报，人们仍然在大海里游泳。
hurricane lamp 防风灯
它有一个同义词是 typhoon （台风），指的是印度洋及西太平洋的热带风暴。
The typhoon hit the coastal areas.
台风侵袭了沿海地区。
6. tornado 龙卷风
If a tornado gets close, what should people do to keep safe?
如果龙卷风要来了，人们应该做些什么来保证安全？
这里给大家出一道题，“爱情来得太快就像龙卷风”用英语该如何翻译呢？
7. fire disaster 火灾
If we threw the cigarette ends anywhere, it would also cause a fire disaster.
把烟头丢在任何地方都会引起火灾。
forest fire 森林火灾
hill fire 山火
8. debris flow 泥石流
landslide 滑坡；山崩
If a landslide or debris flow danger is imminent, quickly move away from the path of the slide.
如果滑坡或泥石流危险迫在眉睫，迅速离开有滑落体的道路。
landslide dam 堰塞湖（崩塌形成的坝）
9. Vulcanic eruption 火山喷发
已有两百多人死于火山喷发。
Over 200 people have been killed by volcanic eruptions.
volcano 火山
你还知道哪些自然灾害类型吗？欢迎评论留言。
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