美国语言学家给出了权威说明：

Don't capitalize a word after a colon within a sentence.

在一个单句里，冒号之后的单词首字母不大写。

• Lulu wants just one thing for her birthday: chocolate.
• We all have a favorite place: somewhere we are happiest.

When two sentences or independent clauses are joined by a colon, the second sentence or clause is generally not capitalized.

用冒号连接两个句子或独立从句时，第二个句子或从句的首字母一般不大写。

• Maya loves old books: they have character.

Capitalize a question introduced by a colon.

如果冒号后面是一个问句，则问句的首字母需要大写。

• We all had the same question: Where was the money?

If more than one complete sentence follows a colon, capitalize all the sentences.

如果冒号后面有两个及以上的完整句子，则后面的每个句子都要首字母大写。

• The policies are clear: Data must be kept secure. It must be retrievable. It should be erased at the owner’s request.

Capitalize a subtitle separated from the main title by a colon.

如果主标题和副标题之间用了冒号，则副标题的首字母需要大写。

• Forgotten: A Memoir

参考文献：(https://editorsmanual.com/articles/capitalization-after-colon/)

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