文/刘宝彩/天津
针对标题负面现象,本文阐述三点:一、现举一例英语作文如下;二、作出分析;三、用通过转移而摆脱了“以自我为中心(我I)”的方法,写出客观的英语作文
一、现举一例英语作文如下
To: Mr. Jackson, my teacher
Fm: ZHANG Ming, one of your students
DD:Dec. 27, 20--.
Dear Jackson,
I'm ZHANG Hua from Class 3. I'm writing to share with you my ideas about how to divide the class into small groups to practise oral English after class.
I couldn't agree more with your way to practise English in small groups. But I don't think it's a good idea for us to pair up randomly, because it may lead to less efficiency without considering our personal differences. I think it would be better to pair us up based on our English levels, interests, personalities learning styles and the company we keep, or just for convenience, let us choose our own partner freely to increase our confidence and motivation to leam. Only by suiting our individual needs can we achieve the desired result.
I hope my ideas will meet with your approval.
Yours sincerely
ZHANG Ming
二、作出分析
一个句子以书面形式使用第一人称代词“I”来开头或类似“we”,原则上是没有错的;“I”只有当多得烦恼时,才成为句子的不和谐之处。一个人写文章以主观视角为主要注意力描写文章主旨大意,不如以客观发生的事实描写得有效的多,所以比传达主观感受要有效得多。把故事主人公及其所做的事当作被动对象讲述,如此才能保证写作者所写内容的连续性。主人公及其行动会让写作整个内容清晰起来。
过分依赖“I”来陈述事实,既会导致文章松散、不置可否,又会导致以自我为中心的现象出现。
例如:I gave Lily a rose.此句子讲得很清楚,主语也是主人公,负责做句子中发生的事情的人。因为英语语言是灵活的,这样有能力以各种巧妙的方式,给这句话转变成为另一种形式表达是很容易的。
就一个内容的不同词类而言,将动作(v.)变成事物(n.),将人物(主语)变成对象(宾语),动词可以像名词一样起作用,名词也可以像动词一样起作用,例如:Giving is better than receiving. (to give, to receive);I hate swimming in sea. (swim)。
基于此理,名词甚至可以转变成动词或动词的各种形式:I do some dancing in the park. (noun);I dance in the park. (verb);I got up and did a little dance. (noun);I likes a style of classic dance (of classic dance视为a prepositonal phrase 作定语)。
从本质上讲,过度依赖第一人称代词反映了对现实世界的心理扭曲,是恐惧的产物——不断的自我表达是源于现代世界的成熟带来的压力和创伤的一种习惯是如此常见,以致于发展成为小小的利己主义者。所以人们中有一些群体从来没有真正地从这种以自我为中心的感受中成长出来。
三、用通过转移而摆脱了“以自我为中心(我I)”的方法,写出客观的英语作文如下
To: Mr. Jackson, my teacher
Fm: ZHANG Ming, one of your students
DD:Dec. 27, 20--.
Dear Mr. Jackson, my teacher,
I, ZHANG Ming from Class Three, write you this e-mail bringing you with my view on not adopting method as you devised for students to work in pairs who get the English-speaking course taken in spoken-English exercise. One of its problems exsiting at present does not make it naturally successful for everyone to deliver speech in spoken English. Its fact comes to that it is wrong of some students to make mistake in terms of grammar or practical expressions, without seeing the point in discussion
My suggestion turns students favourable for helping each other with success in making them understood in English independently, without being interrupted by his/her partner with any comment, to achieve great fluency in logic-based thought.
For example, an excellent speech is to make to the public on running for student-union president or on doing others. This proves them to be successful in advantage to them, not working in pairs, which helps me find it necessary and important to assist students in setting a realistic goal as attained for orally high-level expression.
In fact most of them should hold up the former president Obama of the U.S.A. as an example to his presidential campaign speech, inspiring some students to suggest newly-brilliant ideas for reference to students, greatly to their benefit. Students have many helpful comments received from their teacher you, of course.
You would like to give each of them scores for their performance, in terms of its level, that avoids making potentially-negative impact on some listeners. They will be enabled to acquire knowledge about their speaker-taken views of point to be put right together with their structures kept clear in grammar and with some speaker-developed arguments perfect in logic follwed basically strictly.
The above method has advantage over one for taking English-speaking course practically by means of working in pairs. As seen from above, particularly, their progress in itself present a solid achivement in putting English into practice.
This finds it easy for speakers and/or listeners not only to speak but write English, considerabley helpfully, to play great role in use of English by logic-based thinking to do practically. By this, I mean that advantage overweighs disadvantage in oral English, which, to be said, is much interesting to most students. Please correct such a mistake as is made, if any, on the above idea of mine only for reference to you.
Yours sincerely.
总结:
幸运的是,人们中有一些学生目前已真正地从这种以自我为中心的感受中成长出来。
大多数学生如果确实发现自己在写作时过分依赖自我表达,如:I feel, I think, I get...或I...I...(不论是英语还是汉语),那么请考虑你对世界的感知是否影响到了自己语言的表达。你是否与社会上的众人们隔绝太久了?你如果使用了正确的、积极的、客观的句子,那么它也许将成为你的拥抱者,带你建立起一座走向更广阔世界的桥梁,甚至可能发现自己所期望的新世界,就在自己的脚下。所以需要做的只是坚定地走下去——开始以纯粹客观的方式说话写句子、段落和文章。因此才能逐渐地通过转移而摆脱了“以自我为中心”的这种注意力了。这样才能找到解决了——英语作文为什么用“我I”表达,增文章松散,添成熟带来的压力和创伤——之办法了!