Directions:For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the importance of speaking/writing/reading ability and how to develop it.120-180words.
［沈阳王长喜四六级教学部评析］
沈阳王长喜大学英语四级2018暑假班开课时间：7月30日
沈阳王长喜大学英语预科班2018暑假开课时间：6月29日
本次四级考试作文难度适中，看得出来四级考试作文越来越和考研作文话题接轨.例如本次考试的话题reading ability 就和2015年考研写作一的大作文读书话题不谋而合.按照惯例，仍然是“三段论”，最多不要超过四段，除非提纲中有点明“entitled”字眼，否则标题可写可不写，但是写错一定会扣分.写标题时，要遵循写作格式，标题首字母和实词首字母大写，而标题中的虚词字母是小写的.第一段仍然是引出话题，阐明读书能力的重要性；第二段可以着重分析提升读书能力的措施；结尾段可以来个对观点的总结概括.
1. The importance of reading ability and how to develop it.
（參考一）
In the contemporary world, it is universally acknowledged that everyone need reading ability to study well but it is of difficulties to acquire it.The purpose can be natural linked to the view that reading ability has been increasingly universal and vital. For my part, the reading ability plays an indispensable role in our studying and daily life.
In general, it can be illustrated for following reasons. To begin with, we are living in a knowledge-based society now,so reading ability enables to have a positive impact on efficiently acquiring new and difficult knowledge.Moreover, realizing the significance of the reading ability will lay a great and useful foundation for broadening our horizon.Of course, we can take some notes and personal understanding, when we reading a host of books and information. Last but not least, keeping a healthy reading habit can be beneficial for improving capacity, which will make reading ability easily and funny.
According to my understanding and study, it will lead us attach the importance to the reading ability. To sum up, we can draw a conclusion that possessing reading ability is more necessary than ever before. Thus, only by finding some ways and having a right attitude to the reading ability, can we make great achievements no matter in studying and carers in the future.
（參考二）沈阳王长喜四六级教学部
It cannot be denied that reading plays a key role in people’s growth and development in any era. The 21th century is a time of knowledge explosion and reading ability becomes increasingly important.
How to develop reading ability？ Based on this concrete and meaningful question， some steps should be taken. First and foremost， the main growth in your reading skill and ability will come from reading as much as you can do. Try to make a book list that you take interest in and make a practical plan. Just as the proverb goes that， “Don’t bite off more than one can chew.” Furthermore， a mastery of some reading skills is not only significant， but also indispensable. Some books are fit to do extensive reading while some others are suitable to do intensive reading. Meanwhile， other reading skills like skipping and skimming are also necessary.
To conclude， reading is to humans’ spiritual world what water is to fish. Only through persistent reading can we enjoy the improvement of reading ability and learning ability.
2. The importance of listening ability and how to develop it.
In the contemporary world, it is universally acknowledged that everyone need listening ability to study well but it is of difficulties to acquire it.The purpose can be natural linked to the view that listening ability has been increasingly universal and vital. For my part, the listening ability plays an indispensable role in our studying and daily life.
In general, it can be illustrated for following reasons. To begin with, we are living in a knowledge-based society now,so listening ability enables to have a positive impact on efficiently acquiring major information and exercising our brains.Moreover, after realizing the significance of the listening ability, we need to pay more attention to daily exercising such as listening BBC news and speaking them loudly.Of course, we can take some notes and major words and sentences, when we listening a host of information. Last but not least, keeping a healthy listening habit can be beneficial for improving capacity, which will promote reading ability easily and funny.
According to my understanding and study, it will lead us attach the importance to the listening ability. To sum up, we can draw a conclusion that possessing listening ability is more necessary than ever before. Thus, only by finding some ways and having a right attitude to the listening ability and insist on listening and speaking, can we make great achievements no matter in studying and carers in the future.
3. The importance of speaking ability and how to develop it.
（參考一）沈阳王长喜四六级教学部
In the contemporary world, it is universally acknowledged that everyone need speaking ability to study well and have a good relationship, but it is of difficulties to acquire it.The purpose can be natural linked to the view that speaking ability has been increasingly universal and vital. For my part, the speaking ability plays an indispensable role in our studying and daily life.
In general, it can be illustrated for following reasons. To begin with, we are living in a knowledge-based society now,so reading ability enables to have a positive impact on efficiently communicating with other people in order to express our opinions.Moreover, realizing the significance of the speaking ability will lay a great and useful foundation for improving our listening ability.Of course, we should have the courage and confidence to express ourselves, when we see some excellent phrases and sentences. Last but not least, keeping a healthy reading habit can be beneficial for improving capacity, which will make reading ability easily and funny.
According to my understanding and study, it will lead us attach the importance to the speaking ability. To sum up, we can draw a conclusion that possessing speaking ability is more necessary than ever before. Thus, only by finding some ways and having a right attitude to the speaking ability, can we make great achievements no matter in studying and relationships in the future.
（參考二）沈阳王长喜四六级教学部
With our society becoming increasingly open and diversified,the speaking ability is of growing importance in our life and work.In the past,people who were not eloquent could become successful when they were diligent enough. However, now,speaking ability can make a person stand out much quicker in their work place and social life.
The reasons why speaking ability is so important are as follows.To begin with, people of excellent speaking ability are generally more charming and approachable because they tend to be.Besides,every walk of life has become more cooperative; therefore,more communicative people have higher working efficiency.For example,my brother used to be a quiet person.Two years ago,I was told that he was fired by his company because he could not get along with his colleagues. After that,he attended a speaking training class and spent a year in improving his eloquence.Now,he has become more confident and found a new job with generous salary.
In order to develop speaking ability, listening to good speeches and famous talk shows can help us imitate great lecturers’ style of speaking and ways of expressing themselves. Meanwhile, it is about time that we spent more time with our friends rather than with our phones,sharing with them our real feelings and thoughts.
听力原文：
News report two:
Kelly escaped to managed to save her car after the four-mile road came out of the driving down the highway.Rat snakes unpoisonous，all threat to the people generally.But the woman say the rattle snake terrified her on her ways.It has big nails on the way to pick up her friend.I don’t know when my hand son my steer or not. But I can guarantee myself. She said the snake the was first under the seat until she could get out of the highway.Here he comes,the snake tries to find its road and get out of the car. Kelly called for help and,Washington control animal office would capture the snake.
一位女士开车去机场接朋友，在她下高速的时候，一条之前藏在她座位下的毒蛇爬上她的脚，这位女士被吓得魂飞魄散.当她发现蛇在座位下的时候，她希望蛇能一直待在那里，直到她下高速停车.最后华盛顿动物控制中心来这里抓住了毒蛇.
Q1:How did Kelly feel when she first came across the rat snake?
Q2:What does the report say about the rat snake?
［沈阳王长喜四六级教学部参考答案句］
1. But the woman says the snake she in carried firstly terrified her out of her wits. She said the snake first slipped back under the seat， and she hoped it would stay there until she was able to get off the highway and stopped.
2. She called for help and the Washington DC Animal Control Officers came and capture the snake.
［沈阳王长喜四六级教学部评析］
本篇新闻难度不大，第一题答案出现在but重点提示词之后，考生只需要关注重点提示词，且把握之后女士的感受即可.第二题答案出现在新闻最后部分，符合我们新闻题最后一题的出答案位置，且根据试听一致即可选出正确答案.
News report two:
(3) Fast food turns out isn’t quite as fast as it used to be.A new study finds that MacDonald posts its slowest drives through times since this survey was first inducted fifty years ago.As MacDonald’s, customers were spent on average three minutes and nine seconds from the time they placed their orders until they receive their food.About ten seconds more,they began to straight average and lots slower than the decade ago,according to the study, which was commissioned by QSR,an industry trade
publication, and MacDonald wasn’t a lone in slowing down.Other changes also saw their drive through performance slowing down. (4) Among the reasons for the slower surveys, today there are more choices on the menu,and products themselves are more complex and take longer to prepare. Speed,of course,is essential to the drive through experience, and drive through are hugely important to chance such as MacDonald, BurgerKing, and TucleBell. Usually, the drive through accounts for sixty to seventy percent of all business that goes through a fast food restaurant, notes SongOchers, editor of QSR. Of course, consumers also want their orders to prepare correctly and on that score, Ochers says accuracy is still really high.
3.What is news report mainly about?
4.What has slow down MacDonald drive through service?
［主旨内容］
快餐的上餐速度正在变慢.以麦当劳为例，自从15年前出现麦当劳之后，现在是有史以来上餐速度最慢的时候.现在麦当劳从下订单到拿食物的平均速度是3min9s，比之前多了10s.QSR统计，其他连锁店如汉堡王也是一样上餐速度变慢.因为食物种类更多，制作更复杂，且需要更长的时间去备餐，所以快餐连锁店的上餐速度正在变慢，但是速度和上餐的准确性对快餐店很重要.
［参考答案句］
1. Fast food turns out it isn’t quite as fast as it used to be.
2. Among the reasons for the slower service， today there are more choices on the menu and the products themselves are more complex and take longer to prepare.
［沈阳王长喜四六级教学部评析］
本篇新闻考查的是主旨题加细节题.第一题针对新闻主旨题，答案出现在新闻第一句导语部分，所听即所得即可.第二题考查原因，把握关键词reasons，然后继续听出正确答案.
News Report3
(5)The first private mission outside of the earth orbit is closed to many of our think. U.S. government officials outset to approve a mission by privately held space company- Moon Express to travel outside of the earth orbit in late 2017. Moon express’s mission involves (6) plans to land a suitcase size package of scientific equipment on the moon for on-going exploration on commercial development.The decision involved amounts of lobbying and coordinated conversations between a number of factual agencies. On the international treaties, US is responsible for the cargo of both public and private spacecraft.This makes commercial space travel a complex legal issue not just domestically but abroad. A Moon Express representative declined to comment on the story. But noted that the (7) company is very optimistic about its proposal.Moon express is not the only company seeking for the right to travel to outspace. Elon Musk’s space X aims to send an manned aircraft to Mars by2018.
5.What is the news report mainly about?
6.What is the Moon Express planning to do?
7.What does Moon Express think of its mission?
Moon Express（月球捷运）是一家美国公司，长期目标是在月球采矿，是民间探月计划 .它的目的和任务是使一个手提箱大小的科学设备着陆月球，并进行商业开发的持续探索.该公司对自己的计划十分乐观.
［参考答案句］
1. The first private mission outside of the earth orbit is closed than many of our think.
2. Moon Express’s mission involves plans to land a suitcase size package of scientific equipment on the moon for on-going exploration on commercial development.
3. But noted that the company is very optimistic about it’s proposal.
［沈阳王长喜四六级教学部评析］
本篇相对来说，是三篇新闻中考生最不熟悉的话题，因此难度大于前两篇，但是答案出题点并不难，第一题为主旨题，答案出现在开头第一句导语部分，后面两题细节题，关注重点提示，如“but”词后给正确答案.
Long Conversation １
A：Hey Sophia, how are you doing?
B: Hi, Bob. I’m good, thanks. Actually, (8)I’m on holiday with my family in Thailand at the moment, although I wish it were with my friends instead.
A:Really? You never said you are going to Thailand. How I envy you!
B:I’ve only been in here a week, but you know Thailand is an amazing place, I’m having a great time here.In fact, I’m now lying on the beach in Phuket. I’ve been in the sun for around 15 minutes only, and I’m already getting sunburnt . Have you been here before?
A:No, I wish I had. What else have you been doing in Thailand besides enjoying the sun?
B:Well,(9)I met a guy from Germany yesterday. He showed me around the office that he works at.Then I met many volunteer teachers who are mainly young people from Europe.
A:Ahh, that’s interesting.
B:Yes. I also made a new little friend, Sarah. She was so cute. I was so sad that we were to leave at the end of the day.If I ever come back to Thailand, I’d definitely visit this place again, as a volunteer.
A:Well,you can tell me all about it when you get back. (10) My phone battery is almost dead now. (11) Remember to get me some thing from the souvenir shops. I like to collect bits and pieces from different parts of the world. Bye now, enjoy yourself Sophia.
B:Bye.
Q8:What does the woman say she is doing now?
Q9:What did the woman do yesterday?
Q10:Why does the man have to end the conversation?
Q11:What does the man ask the woman to bring him something from Thailand?
［主旨内容］
女生在泰国普吉岛度假晒日光浴和男生聊天，男生表现出自己十分羡慕，对话后部分女生又谈到了自己认识的新朋友，因为男生手机没电，两人结束聊天.
［参考答案句］
８. Actually， I’m on holiday with my family in Thailand at the moment.
９. Well， I met a guy from Germany yesterday.
１０. Well， you can tell me all about it when you get back. My phone battery is almost dead now.
１１. Remember to get me something from the souvenir shops. I like to collect bits and pieces from different parts of the world.
［沈阳王长喜四六级教学部评析］
本篇长对话节奏清晰，语速不快，整体内容比较好把控.前半部分有明显的答案线索，重点听女生得到答案，后部分听男生得到答案，因为最后两题答案位置较近，所以有难度.
Long Conversation 2
A:（12）Hi David, there is a new gym opening in town today. Would you like to go with me this afternoon?
B:Yes,more than glad to. I haven't been to a gym for ages, I need to do some exercise to tone up.
A:Then this is a good chance. They sent me an invitation with a note saying I can take a friend for free on the first day.（13）Also, if we both sign up before Friday, we can get a discount on a six-month membership.
B:Great,count me in. I really want to lose some of these belly fat and turn it into muscle, but I’m not sure which of the gym equipment with best help.
A:Well,I know expert of that, but I think you can try lifting weights and do at least 200 sit-ups twice a day.
B:（14）I’ve never tried weight lifting before.Is it dangerous?
A:（15）No,not at all.If you know some of the basics. Don’t worry, I’ll show you the rules. I used to practice this at another gym before my membership ended. I’ll be your personal trainer.
B:Thank you.What other equipment do they have?
A:Well like all gyms, they have all sorts of things to help build up muscles in afferent parts of the body, like up-ride bicycles,chest stretching machines, and running machines.You could use any of these to suit your purpose. Now the gym opens at noon, so can we meet up in town at1:30p.m.?
B: Perfect, see you there,coach.
Q12:What are the speakers talking about?
Q13:What does the gym offer at its opening?
Q14:What is the man concerned about?
Q15:What do we learn about the woman from the conversation?
Directions： In this section， you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question， you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A），B），C），and D）.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.
Passage1
(16) In today’s job market, it is not uncommon for job seekers to submit applications form any positions. That involves lots of time and lots of work to organize. Certainly,you don’t want to waste your precious hours on following the developments on the fashion, and miss the important deadlines, confuse interview times or forget to follow up as a result. Accordingly, managing your work search properly is just as important as identify the job opportunities and submitting your applications. If you are familiar with Microsoft Excel or a similar program, creating a table is a simple and effective way to keep track your of job applications. If the excel isn’t quite usual a cup of tea, don’t worry.You can create a table in Microsoft word or a similar word processor. (17)Google is another tool to help you get organized effectively. If you have a G-mail account, you can create safe and send tables in addition to read a document like your cover letter and resume. You can also link up with Google calendar to make sure you make top with the important dates. Clearly, the plenty of days to keep track of your job search and to make efforts to simplify your job search will pay off. (18) Nevertheless you should always focus on the quality not quantity. Only you apply the position you are qualified for, and make each application count, personalizing each cover letters and updating your resume.
16. What does the speaker say about today’s job seekers?
17. What kind of job do applicants can do with the help of the
Google?
18. What does the speaker suggest the job seekers do?
［主旨内容］
在找工作时，一个求职者同时找多个职位并不常见，因为这会花费很多时间.求职者需要有明确自己用软件搜索的能力，如EXCEL， GOOGLE， G-MAIL等.
［参考答案句］
1. In today’s job market， it is not common for job seekers to send applications for many positions.
2. Google is another tool to help you to organize your work effectively. If you have a G-mail account， you can create a safe and send tables in addition to read a document like your cover letter and resume.
3. Only you apply the position you are qualified for， and make each application count， personalizing each cover letters and updating your resume.
［沈阳王长喜四六级教学部评析］
第一篇篇章是考试高频主题：工作话题，考查话题词汇：job market， job seekers， application， job opportunities， resume等，因此，对场景词的掌握对于考生读题听题帮助较大.考察问题的答案出题点符合篇章行文顺序，尤其是第一题和最后一题出题点，在开头结尾部分，考生比较好把控.
Passage2
(19) Some people say if kids didn’t have to go to school, they’d all be out in the streets. Myreply is“No, they wouldn’t.”First, even if schools stayed just the way they are, children would spend at least some time there, because that’ s where they be likely to find friends. Second, schools wouldn’t stay the way they are, they’d d get better. Because we would have to start making them what they ought to be right now. Last, (20) if we
stirred up our brains and gave children a little help, those who did not want to go to school could find other things to do--things many children now do during their holidays. There is some thing easier we could do. (21) We need to get kids out of the school buildings, give them a chance to learn about the world at first hand. In Philadelphiaand Portl and Oregon, plans are being drawn up for public schools that won’t have any school buildings at all. That would take the students out into the city and help them to use it and the people as a resource. In other words, students, perhaps in groups, perhaps independently, will go to libraries, museums, exhibitions, courtrooms, radio and TV
stations, meetings, businesses and laboratories to learn about their world and society at firsthand. A small private school in Washington is already doing this. It makes sense. We need more of it.
19. What are some people worried about according to the
speaker?
A:They are worried about that kids would all be out in the
streets if they didn’t have to go to school.
20.What does the speaker think we could do for kids who dislike school?
A:We could stir up our brains and give children a little help to find other things to do--things many children now do during their holidays.
21.What does the speaker say is the easier thing we can do？
A:She thinks we need to get kids out of the school buildings, give them a chance to learn about the world at firsthand.
［参考答案句］
1. Some people say if the kids didn’t happen to go to school they will be go out of street.
2. Second， school wouldn’t stay where they are they get better. Because we would like to stop to making them all to be right now.
3. There is something easier we could do to we need the kids to get out of the school buildings.
［沈阳王长喜四六级教学部评析］
篇章结构清晰，有明确的起承转合词，如second，因此，考生在做题时不容易听漏信息.重点把握试听一致，根据选项完整性可以做出题目.
Passage3:
Before there was the written word, there was the language of dance. Dance expresses love and hate, joy and sorrow, life and death, and everything else in between.(22) Dance in America is everywhere. We dance from Florida to Alaska, from Harison to
Harison and coast to coast. We dance at weddings, birthdays, office parties or just to fill the time. (23)“I adore dancing,”says Lester Bridges, the owner of a dance studio in a small town in Iowa.“I can't imagine doing anything else with my life." Bridges runs dance classes for all ages." Teaching dance is wonderful. My older students say it makes them feel young. It's marvellous to watch them. For many of them, it's a way of meeting people and having a social life.”So why do we dance?“I can tell you about one young couple,”says Bridges.“They arrive at the class in a bad mood and they leave with a smile. Dancing seems to change their mood completely.”(24) So, do we dance in order to make ourselves feel better, calmer, healthier?Andrea Hillier, a dance teacher says,“Dance, like the pattern of a beating heart, is life. Even after all these years, I want to get better and better. I keep practicing even when I'm exhausted. (25) If I find it hard to stop! Dancing reminds me I'm alive.”
22.What does the passage say about the dance in America?
23.What do we know about the Lester Bridges dance studio?
24.What happened to the young couple after they attended last Bridges in class?
25.What does Andrea Hillier say about dancing?
［答案参考句］
1. Dance in America is everywhere.
2. “I adore dancing，” says Lester Bridges， the owner of a dance studio in a small town in Iowa.
3. So why do we dance？ “I can tell you about one young couple，” says Bridges. “They arrive at the class in a bad mood and they leave with a smile. Dancing seems to change their mood completely.” So， do we dance in order to make ourselves feel better， calmer， healthier？
Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension （40 minutes）
Section A
Directions：In this section，there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Since the 1940s，southern California has had a reputation for smog. Things are not as bad as they once were but， according to the American Lung Association，Los Angeles is still the worst city in the United States for levels of 26 .Gazing down on the city from the Getty Center，an art museum in the Santa Monica Mountains， one would find the view of the Pacific Ocean blurred by the haze（霾）.Nor is the state’s bad air 27 to its south. Fresno， in the central valley， comes top of the list in America for year-round pollution. Residents’ hearts and lungs are affected as a 28 .
All of which， combined with California’s reputation as the home of technological 29 ，makes the place ideal for developing and testing systems designed to monitor pollution in 30 .And that is just what Aclima， a new firm in San Francisco， has been doing over the past few months.It has been trying out monitoring that are 31 to yield minute-to-minute maps of 32 air pollution. Such stations will also be able to keep an eye on what is happening inside buildings, including offices.
To this end， Aclima has been 33 with Google’s Street View system. Davida Herzl， Aclima’s boss， says they have revealed pollution highs on days when San Francisco’s transit workers went on strike and the city’s 34 were forced to use their cars. Conversely， “cycle to work” days have done their job by 35 pollution lows.
［沈阳王长喜四六级教学部评述］
选词填空的解题技巧第一步将选项根据词性分类，这道题中考查名词7个，动词5个，形容词2个，副词1个.因此将单词分类之后，我们很快把15选1缩小到了最多是7选1，最少的情况是1选1.另外，名词通过简单判断单复数形式，动词通过时态和非谓语动词还可以进一步缩小范围.同样，仔细阅读解题的关键仍然与我们强调的一致，找准定位，选项与原文内容一一比对，排除各类干扰选项后，做对题目并不是很难.
26. M pollutants
解析：介词of后填名词，根据上下文语义，该空后为pollutants，污染物.
27. N restricted
解析：固定搭配be restricted to，表示“仅限于…，限制在…”.
28. C consequence
解析：空前不定冠词，空格填名词，固定搭配as a consequence，表示“因此”.
29. J innovation
解析：空前形容词，空格填名词，结合语义，为innovation，创新.
30. F detail
解析：空前介词，空格填名词，固定搭配in detail，表示“详细地”.
31. K intended
解析：固定搭配be intended to，表示“打算，意图”.
32. L outdoor
解析：空前介词，空后名词，空格填形容词，结合语义选择outdoor，表示户外的.
33. B collaborating
解析：结合时态和固定搭配collaborate with，表示“合作”.
34. I inhabitants
解析：空前所有格，空格填名词，结合语义，I选项inhabitants居民为正确选项.
35. E creating
解析：空前介词，空后名词，空格填动词ing，结合语义，E选项正确.
Section B
Directions： In this section， you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the question by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
Section C
Direction： There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statement. For each of them there are four choice and our marked A），B），C） and D）.You should decide on the best choice and nark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.
Losing your ability to think and remember is pretty scary. We know the risk of dementia （痴呆） increases with age. But if you have memory slips， you probably needn’t worry. There are pretty clear differences between signs of dementia and age-related memory loss.
After age 50， it’s quite common to have trouble remembering the names of people， places and thing quickly， says Dr.Kirk Daffner of Brigham and Woman’s Hospital in Boston.
The brain ages just like the rest of the body. Certain parts shrink， especially areas in the brain that are important to learning， memory and planning. Changes in brain cells can affect communication between different regions of the brain. And blood flow can be reduced as blood vessels narrow.
Forgetting the name of an actor in a favorite movie， for example， is nothing to worry about. But if you forget the plot of the movie or don’t remember even seeing it， that’s far more concerning， Daffner says.
When you forget entire experiences， he says， that’s “a red flag that something more serious may be involved.” Forgetting how to operate a familiar object like a microwave oven， or forgetting how to drive to the house of a friend you’ve visited many times before can also be signs of something going wrong.
But even then， Daffner says， people shouldn’t panic.There are many things that can cause confusion and memory loss， including health problems like temporary stoppage of breathing， high blood pressure， or depression， as well as medications like antidepressants. Even over-the-counter remedies like antihistamines can contribute to memory loss.
And the best defense against memory loss is to try to prevent it by building up your brain’s cognitive （认知的） reserve， Daffner says.
“Read books， go to movies， take on new hobbies or activities that force one to think in novel ways，” he says. In other words， keep your brain busy and working. And also get physically active， because exercise is a known brain booster.
46. Why does the author say that one needn’t be concerned about memory slips？
A） Not all of them are symptoms of dementia.
B） They occur only among certain groups of people.
C） Not all of them are related to one’s age.
D） They are quite common among fifty-year-olds.
46.A Not all of them are symptoms of dementia.
解析：找到关键词 memory slips.对应到文章第一段But if you have memory slips， you probably needn’t worry. There are pretty clear differences between signs of dementia and age-related memory loss.结合题干和原文可知，记忆的小错误并非全是痴呆的症状，而可能是由于年龄大.symptoms和signs为同义替换.顾答案选择A.
47. What happens as we become aged according to the passage？
A） Our interaction skills deteriorate.
B） Some parts of our brain stop functioning.
C） Communication within our brain weakens.
D） Our whole brain starts shrinking.
解析：根据顺序原则对应文章定位句是Changes in brain cells can affect communication between different regions of the brain. 答案与定位句同义，顾答案C.
48. Which memory-related symptom should people take seriously？
A） Totally forgetting how to do one’s daily routines.
B） Inability to recall details of one’s life experiences.
C） Failure to remember the names of movies or actors.
D） Occasionally confusing the addresses of one’s friends.
解析：题干关键词，memory-related symptom以及take seriously.定位到But if you forget the plot of the movie or don’t remember even seeing it， that’s far more concerning， Daffner says.关键点在far more concerning故答案选择A.
49. What should people do when signs of serious memory loss show up？
A） Check the brain’s cognitive reserve. C） Turn to a professional for assistance.
C） Stop medications affecting memory. D） Exercise to improve their well-being.
解析：题干关键词为signs of memory loss.定位到倒数第二段第一句话Defense against memory loss is to try to prevent it by building up your brain’s cognitive （认知的） reserve， Daffner says.故答案为A.
50. What is Dr Daffner’s advice for combating memory loss？
A） Having regular physical and mental checkups.
B） Taking medicine that helps boost one’s brain.
C） Engaging in known memory repair activities.
D） Staying active both physically and mentally.
解析：题干关键词Dr Daffner’s advice ，memory loss.定位到文章最后一句.Dr Daffner’s adviceIn other words， keep your brain busy and working. And also get physically active， because exercise is a known brain booster.
Passage Two
Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage
You probably know about the Titanic， but it was actually just one of three state-of-the art （最先进的） ocean ships back in the day. The Olympic class ships were built by the Harland & Wolff ship makers in Northern Ireland for the White Star Line company. The Olympic class included the Olympic， the Britannic and the Titanic. What you may not know is that the Titanic wasn’t even the flagship of this class. All in all， the Olympic class ships were marvels of sea engineering， but they seemed cursed to suffer disastrous fates.
The Olympic launched first in 1910， followed by the Titanic in 1911， and lastly the Britannic in 1914. The ships had nine decks， and White Star Line decided to focus on marking them the most luxurious ships on the water.
Stretching 269.13 meters， the Olympic class ship were wonders of naval technology， and everyone thought that they would continue to be so for quite some time. However， all suffered terrible accidents on the open seas. The Olympic got wrecked before the Titanic did， but it was the only one survive and maintain a successful career of 24 years. The Titanic was the first to sink after famously hitting a huge iceberg in 1912. Following this disaster， the Britannic hit a naval mine in 1916 and subsequently sank as well.
Each ship was coal-powered by several boilers constantly kept running by exhausted crews below deck. Most recognizable of the ship designs are the ship‘s smoke stacks， but the fourth stack was actually just artistic in nature and served no functional purpose. While two of these ship sank， they were all designed with double hulls （船体） believed to make them “unsinkable”， perhaps a mistaken idea that led to the Titanic’s and the Britannic‘s tragic end.
The Olympic suffered two crashes with other ships and went on to serve as a hospital ship and troop transport in World WarⅠ. Eventually， she was taken out of service in 1935， ending the era of the luxurious Olympic class ocean liners.
51. What does the passage say about the three Olympic class ships？
A） They performed marvelously on the sea.
B） They could all break the ice in their way.
C） They all experienced terrible misfortunes.
D） They were models of modern engineering.
51. C） They all experienced terrible misfortunes.
解析：题干关键词the three Olympic class ships.根据顺序原则回原文定位到第一段最后一句话 “All in all， the Olympic class ships were marvels of sea engineering， but they seemed cursed to suffer disastrous fates.”重点在but转折后，文意这三艘船似乎都被诅咒遭遇遭遇灾难性的命运.故答案选择C.terrible misfortunes是 disastrous fates的同义转换.
52. What did White Star line have in mind when it purchased the three ships？
A） Their capacity of sailing across all waters.
B） The utmost comfort passengers could enjoy.
C）Their ability to survive disasters of any kind.
D）The long voyages they were able to undertake.
52. B） The utmost comfort passengers could enjoy.
解析：题干大意白星航运公司在购买三艘船时考虑到了什么？定位句：“White Star Line decided to focus on marking them the most luxurious ships on the water.”想要他们成为水上最奢华的船.据此答案选择B.
53. What is said about the fourth stack of the ships？
A） It was a mere piece of decoration.
B） It was the work of a famous artist.
C） It was designed to let out extra smoke.
D） It was easily identifiable from afar.
53. A） It was a mere piece of decoration.
解析：根据关键词 the fourth stack of the ships.定位到“but the fourth stack was actually just artistic in nature and served no functional purpose. ”文意第四个栈有艺术感但是没有任何功能性的用途.故答案选择A.
54. What might have led to the tragic end of the Titanic and the Britannic？
A） Their unscientific designs.
B） Their captains’ misjudgment.
C） The assumption that they were built with the latest technology.
D） The belied that they could never sink with a double-layer body.
54. A） Their unscientific designs.
解析：题干大意是什么可能导致了Titanic和Britannic的悲剧.定位到原文 “they were all designed with double hulls （船体） believed to make them “unsinkable”， perhaps a mistaken idea that led to the Titanic‘s and the Britannic’s tragic end.” 故选择A，正是这种不科学的设计导致其覆亡.原文double hulls指双船体，选项D中为double layer body为双层船体，二者不是同一概念，故排除选项D.
55. What happened to the ship Olympic in the end？
A） She was used to carry troops.
B） She was sunk in World War I.
C） She was converted into a hospital ship.
55. D） She was retired after her naval service.
解析：问题奥林匹克船最后发生了什么.定位句“Eventually， she was taken out of service in 1935.”taken out of service和retired 同义词转换，故选择D.
第二套
Section C
Passage One
Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.
Living in an urban area with green spaces has a long-lasting positive impact on people’s mental well-being， a study has suggested， UK researchers found moving to a green space had a sustained positive effect， unlike pay rises or promotions， which only provided a short –term boost. Co-author Mathew White， from the University of Exeter， UK， explained that the study showed people living in greener urban areas were displaying fewer signs of depression or anxiety. “There could be a number of reasons.” he said， “for example， people do many things to make themselves happier； they strive for promotion or pay rises， or they get married. But the trouble with those things is that within six months to a year， people are back to their original baseline levels of well-being. So， these things are not sustainable； they don’t make us happy in the long term. We found that for some lottery （彩票） winners who had won more than £500，000 the positive effect was definitely there， but after six months to a year， they were back to the baseline.”
Dr. White said his team wanted to see whether living in greener urban areas has a lasting positive effect on people’s sense of well-being or whether the effect also disappeared after a period of time. To do this， the team used data from the British Household Panel Survey compiled by University of Essex.
Explaining what the data revealed， he said： “what you see is that even after three years， mental health is still better， which is unlike many other things that we think will make us happy.” He observed that people living in green spaces were less stressed， and less mm sensible decisions and communicated better.
With a growing body of evidence establishing a link between urban green spaces and a positive impact on human well-being. Dr. White said， “There’s growing interest among public policy officials， but the trouble is who funds it. What we really need at a policy level is to decide where the money will come from to help support good quality local green spaces.”
46. According to one study， what do green spaces do to people？
A） Improve their work efficiency.
B） Add to their sustained happiness.
C） Help them build a positive attitude towards life.
D） Lesson their concerns about material well-being.
47. What does Dr. White say people usually do to make themselves happier？
A） Earn more money.
B） Settle in an urban area.
C） Gain fame and popularity.
D） Live in a green environment.
48. What does Dr. White try to find out about living in a greener urban area？
A） How it affects different people. lasts.
B） How strong its positive effect is. physically.
C） How long its positive effect
D） How it benefits people
49. What did Dr. White research reveal about people living in a green environment？
A） Their stress was more apparent than real.
B） Their decisions required less deliberation.
C） Their memories were greatly strengthened.
D） Their communication with others improved.
50. According to Dr. White， what should the government do to build more green spaces in cities？
A） Find financial support.
B） Improve urban planning.
C） Involve local residents in the effort.
D） Raise public awareness of the issue.
四级阅读Section C第二套
沈阳王长喜四六级教学部
Passage Two
51.C. They all experienced terrible misfortunes.
[定位] the three Olympic class ships 定位到第一段
[解析]文中最后一句提到，but they seemed cursed to suffer disastrous fates但他们似乎都被厄运所诅咒，与选项C对应，它们都遭受了不幸.选项A偷梁换柱，文中说的是they were marvels of sea engineering而不是 they performed，BD选项无中生有.
52.B. The utmost comfort passengers could enjoy.
[定位]White Star Line 定位到第二段.
[解析]文中提到WSL decided to focus on making them the most luxurious ships on the water这个人打算把它们打造成水上最豪华的船只.选项ACD都是关于船只的航行能力而非奢华程度，选项B乘客能享受到的最舒服的服务，与原文相近，所以选B.
53.A. It was a mere piece of decoration.
[定位]根据fourth stack定位到文中第四段.
[解析]文中提到but the fourth stack was actually just artistic in nature and served no functional purpose但fourth stack实际上只是艺术品而没有实际的功能.因此答案选A基本上只是装饰品.BCD选项无中生有.
54. D. The belief that they could never sink with a double-layer body.
[定位]根据tragic of Titanic and Britannic定位到第四段最后一句.
[解析]文中提到they were all designed with double hulls 两艘沉船都设计成了双船体，人们认为它们是不可能沉没的，紧接着作者说，这个错误的想法可能导致了两个悲剧的发生.因此答案选D认为双船体的结构不可能沉没的想法可能导致了悲剧的发生.选项ABC未提到，无中生有.
55.D. She was retired after her naval service.
[定位]Olympic in the end定位到最后一段.
[解析]文中提到Eventually， she was taken out of service in 1935最终解除服役，选择答案D.选项AC文中都有提到，但不符合题目“in the end”的要求.选项B无中生有.
Part IV Translation （30 minutes）
Directions： For this part， you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer sheet 2.
公交车曾是中国人出行的主要交通工具.近年来，由于私家车数量不断增多，城市的交通问题越来越严重.许多城市为了鼓励更多人乘公交车出行，一直在努力改善公交车的服务质量.车辆的设施不断更新，车速也有了显著提高.然而，公交车的票价却依然相当低廉.现在，在大多数城市，许多当地老年市民都可以免费乘坐公交车.
[译文]Buses used to be the main means of transportation for Chinese people. In recent years， due to the increasing number of private cars， traffic problems in cities have become increasingly severe. In order to encourage more people to travel by bus， many cities have been trying to improve the quality of bus service. The facilities of buses are constantly being updated， and the speed has also been increased significantly， while bus fares are still quite low. Nowadays， in most cities， many local elderly citizens can take buses for free.
[解析]
① 公交车曾是中国人出行的主要交通工具.
第一句句式为简单的主系表，“曾是”用used to be表示.词汇方面注意主语“公交车”为可数名词需要用复数形式buses，“交通工具”用vehicle/means of transportation/transportation tool均可.
Buses used to be the main means of transportation for Chinese people.
② 近年来，由于私家车数量不断增多，城市的交通问题越来越严重.
第二句句式也为主系表，使用“become”比be动词更能体现出变化.词汇方面“私家车”用private cars即可，“越来越”可用副词increasingly表示.
In recent years， due to the increasing number of private cars， traffic problems in cities have become increasingly severe.
③ 许多城市为了鼓励更多人乘公交车出行，一直在努力改善公交车的服务质量.
第三句中两个动词，第一个动词前有“为了”自然使用动词不定式表示目的，可用短语“in order to”引导放在句首，第二个动词为主句谓语动词，主谓宾结构，注意“一直”需要翻译成现在完成进行时.
In order to encourage more people to travel by bus， many cities have been trying to improve the quality of bus service.
④ 车辆的设施不断更新，车速也有了显著提高.
⑤ 然而，公交车的票价却依然相当低廉.
第四句主语为“设施”，动词为“更新“，设施不能自己“更新”，所以需要使用被动句，后半个分句同理，做并列句处理即可，注意“不断”需要翻译成进行时，“有了”处理成现在完成时.词汇方面副词“显著”如果不会，译成“greatly”也无妨.第五句“然而”转折对比，可直接用连词while跟前句连接合成一句形成长句，票价“是”低廉的，用主系表结构表示.
The facilities of buses are constantly being updated， and the speed has also been increased significantly， while bus fares are still quite low.
⑥ 现在，在大多数城市，许多当地老年市民都可以免费乘坐公交车.
第六句为主谓宾结构，“老年市民”用senior citizens/elderly citizens均可，注意尽量不要使用old people.
Nowadays， in most cities， many local elderly citizens can take buses for free.
过去，乘飞机出行对大多数中国人来说是难以想象的.如今随着经济的发展和生活水平的提高，越来越多的中国人包括许多农民和外出务工人员都能乘飞机出行.他们可以乘飞机到达所有大城市，还有许多城市也在筹建机场.航空服务不断改进，而且经常会有特价机票.近年来，节假日期间选择乘飞机外出旅游的人不断增加.
飞机：
Previously, it was difficult for most Chinese people to imagine a time when they could travel by plane.At present, however, with the development of economy and the enhancement of living standards, Chinese people in increasing numbers,including many peasant sand migrant workers,are able to travel by air.They can reach all big cities by air plane and many cities are preparing to built airfields.Air services have been continuously improved and there are of ten low cost airlines.In recent years,the number of people who would like to travel by plane during holidays has been growing.
地铁：
In recent years,Chinese cities in increasing numbers have started building subways.Expanding subway networks contributes to reducing traffic congestion and air pollution.Subways are safe, rapid and comfortable. An increasing amount of people choose subways as their main means of transportation while going to work or school every single day.At present,it is progressively convenient for passengers to take underground trains in China.In some cities, passengers are able to pay for subway tickets merely by a card or a cellphone.Many local senior citizens can even take a subway with no charge.
听力试卷一
1.A）The return of a bottled message to its owner's daughter.
2.B）She wanted to honor her father's promise.
3.B）Several cases of Zika disease had been identified.
4.C）It lost a huge stock of bees.
5.A）It stayed in the air for about two hours.
6.C）In adequate funding.
7.D）It is more environmentally friendly.
8.A）It seems a depressing topic.
9.D）They can't make it to the theater.
10.C）It is the most amusing show he has ever seen.
11.B）Go and see the dance.
12.D）She worries she won't fit in as a transfer student.
13.C）Participate in after-school activities.
14.A）Give her help when ever she needs.
15.D）She has just transferred to college.
16.B）To find out which physical drive is the most powerful.
17.A）When they are hungry.
18.C）They prefer to be with other mice.
19.D）It is one of the best in the world.
20.B）To move troops quickly from place to place.
21.A）In the1970s.
22.B）Messaging while driving
23.D）A device to ensure people drive with both hands.
24.C）They are alerted with a light and a sound.
25.B）Using a connected app.
第一套
选词填空
文章来源：Interesting Engineering—《Skyscraper Covered in
Solar Panelsis Europe’s Largest”》
网址：
https://www.google.com/amp/s/amp.interestingengineering.com/sk
yscraper-covered-solar-panels-europes-largest
26.E)constructed
27.O)undertaken
28.F)consulted
29.M)range
30.N)scale
31.I)eventually
32K)necessarily
33L)production
34. A)cheaper
35. J)height
段落匹配
文章来源：BuzzFeedNews—《SomeCollegeStudentsAreAngry
TheyHaveToPayToDoTheirHomework》
地址：https://www.buzzfeed.com/leticiamiranda/access-
codes?utm_term=.doK9Z6on4X#.ouvqePRzEM
36—K
37—D
38—M
39—G
40—B
41—L
42—H
43—F
44—J
45—C
传统阅读
第一篇
题目来源《Time》—《WhyTeachingsomeoneelseisthebestway
tolearn?》
文章网址：http://ideas.time.com/2011/11/30/the-protege-effect/
46.A. Seneca's thinking is still applicable today
解析：
问题：What are researchers rediscovering through their studies?
问题题干中的“researchers”和“today”是解题的关键，对应到文中第一段的“Nowscientistsarebringingthisancientwisdomup-to-date”.
选项中“Seneca’s thinking“对应到“this ancient wisdom”，而“still applicable”对应到“bring…up-to-date”,故答案为A
47.B.It is a teaching tool under development
解析：
问题：What do we learn about“Betty’s Brain”
根据“Betty’sBrian”定位，定位到第三段，而该段的段首便强调“But the most cutting-edge tool underdevelopment is the“teaching agent”“,意味着整段文字要叙述的主要是和“tool“有关的信息，且选项中的”underdevelopment”和原文信息重合，故答案为B
48 C.It helps them learn their academic subjects better.
解析：
问题：How does teaching others benefit student tutors?
根据顺序原则，定位区间在第三段中后部分.第三段最后两句话中“While prepare to teach”，“explain the information to others”对应到“teaching others”,而“organize their knowledge and improve their own understanding”以及“identify problems in their own thinking”则对应到选项中的“learn their academic subjects better”.故答案为C
49 D.They use various ways to explain the materials.
问题：What do students do to teach their teachable agents?
解析：根据顺序原则，定位到第四段.第四段中“explain the materials in different ways”恰好与选项中“use various ways to explain the materials”为信息的同义改写，故答案为D
50 B.Their emotional involvement
问题：What is the key factor that eases student tutors’learning?
解析：根据顺序原则，以及“key”对应到最后一段的第一句话.“key”与“Above all”为同义改写，故答案应在此句中出现.“Facilitate learning”对应到题干中“eases student tutors’learning”,而“the emotions one experiences”则对应到选项的“Their emotional involvement”.故答案为B
第二篇
题目来源：PewResearchCenter—《OnPayGap,Millennial
WomenNearParity—ForNow》
文章网址：http://www.pewsocialtrends.org/2013/12/11/on-pay-gap-
millennial-women-near-parity-for-now/
51. A. They can get a head only by striving harder.
52.C.They think it needs further improving.
53.B.Job stability and flexibility.
54.D.The balance between work and family.
55.A.They still regard this world as one dominated by males.
第二套
26.C-cast
27 L-replaced
28 F-efficient
29 J-professionals
30 E-decorative
31 .G-electrified
32 I-photographed
33 B-approach
34 K-quality
36. H-identify
36- F
37-C
38-I
39-E
40-B
41-K
42-H
43-D
44-A
45-G
46 B Add to their work efficiency.
47 A Earn more money
48 C How long its positive effect lasts.
49 D Their memories were greatly strengthened.
50 A Find financial support.
51 C They all experienced terrible misfortunes.
52. B The utmost comfort passengers could enjoy.
53 A It was a mere piece of decoration.
54 D The belief that they could never sink with a double-layer body.
55. D She was retired after her naval service.
第三套
26.M-pollutants
27.N-restricted
28.C-consequence
29.J-innovation
30.F-detail
31.K-intended
32.L-outdoor
33.B-collaborating
34.I-inhabitants
35.E-creating
46.A.Not all of the mare symptoms of dementia.
47.C. Communication within our brain weakens.
48.B.Inability to recall details of one’s life experience.
49.C.Turn to a professional for assistance.
50.D.Staying active both physically and mentally.
51.B. It was stolen more than once.
52.D. They pressed criminal charges in vain
53.D. His acknowledgement of helpful from a professional
54.D. Make it available online
55.B. Radical changes in archiving practices.
沈阳王长喜四六级教学部
2018年6月17日