初高中英语语法之代词 (高中英语名词代词语法)

在头条,搜高考,权威信息一手掌握。

难点五 不定代词的用法

1、both, either ,meither用法区别

(1)both“两者都”,可指人或物,不可与单数名词或不可数名词搭配使用,只与复数名词搭配使用,谓语动词用复数,它作形容词时,可直接修饰名词,如有定冠词the、物主代词或指示代词修饰名词,需要置于both之后,如

Both these students are good at Englich.

(2) either“两者中任何一个”,谓语动词用单数, neither“两者都不”,谓语动词用单数,也可以用复数。两者作为形容词时,只能和单数可数名词搭配.如

Either way is all right .两种方法中任意一种都行。

Neither answer is correct. 两个答案都不正确。

2、none, nothing, nobody (no one)的用法区别

(1) none既可指人,也可指物,且有特质概念,常回答how many, how much引导的疑问句nobody /no one.只能指人,且表泛指概念,常回答互引导的疑问句; nothing.只能指物,且表泛指概念,常回答what 引导的疑问句。如:

- How mach money do you have? 你有多少钱?

- None. 一点也没有。

- What are you doing now? 你在做什么?

- Nothing. 什么也没有做。

- Who is in the room? 谁在屋里?

- No one/ Nobody. 没有人。

(2) none后面可跟of短语,而nothing和nobody/no one却不能。.如:

None of them knew about the plan because it was kept a secret. 他们中没人知道那项计划,因为那还是秘密。

3、one与it在替代时的区别

(1)one 用于指代与前n面提到的相似的人或物,it 用于指代前面所提到的同一件事或物.如:

Your hat is really pretty. I'd like to buy one. 你的帽子很漂亮。我想买一顶。

Your skirt is beautiful. Where did you buy it?你的裙子很漂亮。你在哪儿买的?

(2) it 可以用来指天气、距离、时间、环境等,还经常用来作形式主语或宾语,替代不定式、动名词、主语从句或宾语从句等。如:

It was very hot yestenday.昨天天气很热。

It is said that he has gone abroad.据说他出国了。(It作形式主语,替代主语从句)

(3)有些动词如hate, like, love等后面习惯上带 it 作宾语,替代后面提到的某件事,如:

I really appreciate it if you can come and see her youself. 你能亲自来看看她我将不胜感激。

4、other(s), the other(s)和another的用法区别

(1) another指“再一,另一”,作代词或形容词,用于表示三者或三者以上。如:

Please come another day. 请改天再来。

(2)other指“另外的",表泛指,只作定语,常与复数名词连用,但如果前面有the, this, that, some,any, each, every, no, none以及形容词性物主代词时,则可与不可数名词连用。others是other的复数形式,泛指“别的人或物"(但不是全部)不能做定语,可构成"some...,others..."。如:

Some students are cleaning the classroom; others are playing on the playground.

一些学生在打扫教室,其他人在操场上玩。

(3)the other指"两者中的另一个“,常与one连用,构成“one .. the other...”(一个···另一个···)。the other做定语修饰复数名词时,表示“其余全部的”. the others是the other的复数形式,特指“其余全部的人或物”。如:

The other students in my class are from ltaly,我班其余学生都是意大利人。

5、few, a few, little, a little, many, much的用法及区别

这几个词和短语都具有名词和形容词的性质。作形容词时few, a few, many用来修饰可数名词,而litte,a litle, mch则修饰不可数名词。其中few,litle通常表示否定意义。如:

Only a few students can answer the question.只有几个学生能回答这个问题。

I don't know much about him.我对他了解不多。

She had litte money left. 她几乎没有剩下一点儿钱了。

难点六 疑问代词的用法

1、注意疑问词what与下列名词的搭配

What is the population/ the distance/ the price/the address/ the attiude/the heigh? 人口是多少/距离有多远/价格是多少/地址是哪里/态度怎么样/高度是多少?

2、几个特殊的短语:

(1)What for“为何目的,为何理由”(=why);

(2) What if. .."要是 ···会怎样呢?"如: What if it rains tomorrow?

(3) What about/How about. .."做.···好吗?" (用于征求意见),后面常接动名词。如: What about/ How about going for a walk?

&2022& #高考考前宝典#

下列代词是考生在考试中易出错的地方,希望下面的提示对大家的学习有所帮助。

1. more, another两个词都表示“另外的”讲,用来修饰名词,但位置不同, more多用在名词或数词之后, another多 在数词之前。

Would I like another two cups of tea?

Would I like one more cup of tea?

2. 固定表达:anything but "决不,根本不" ; nothing but "仅仅,只有" ; none but =only "仅仅只有" ;all but = almost "几乎,差不多"或"除…外全部" , anybody/ everybody but "除…外任何人“ ; not anything = nothing,表示全部否定;not everything”并非每件东西",表示部分否定。