时态的特定用法，指的是在 特定的语言条件下 ，16种时态的延伸用法。它体现的是语言的丰富、灵活与简化趋势。在掌握了时态的基本用法之后，时态的特定用法学习起来并不难。我们只精选中学阶段常见的特定用法来讲解，其他的特定用法，在之后的语篇学习中再作讲解提示。近些年的高考已经对特定用法作了弱化处理，大家不必担心讲得太少。
再次强调 ：不要因为特定用法而淡化基本用法，基本用法才是核心，必须牢牢掌握！
时态基本用法图示
讲义
中学阶段的特定用法，主要集中在如何表达“将来”的方面。
常见的表达“将来”的方式
- will do (将；会；注定；临时决定将做）
- will be doing (注定将会发生)
- be going to （“来去起止”类结果动词的进行时，表计划；安排，即将）
- be to do （will和would不能出现的句中，可用它代替）
- be about to do （立刻，马上）
- be on the point of doing （立刻，马上）
- 用现在一般时表达“将来”
- 用一般过去时来表达对“现在或将来”的假设、虚拟
- 用现在完成时表达将来完成时
1. does/do表达“将来”
1). 时间、条件、让步等状语从句中，不用will/would。
想一想时态大表中的“将来"与"过去将来”这两组时态，如果没有了will 与 would ,在表达“将来”与“过去将来”的时候，会是什么形式？是不是就会相应地变成“现在”与“过去“这两组时态，或者改用其他方式来表达将来。
2). “时间表” 上安排好的事情，如：课表、列车表、航班表等等,其实这也是一种常规的安排，于是为什么会用现在一般时，就好理解了。看下表：
时态大表
e.g.
时间状语从句中
1）Whenever Chinese athletes step out onto the track during the 2021 Olympics, they will be wearing Li Ning tracksuits.
2）The city of the future are going to get bigger before they get smaller.
3）When they leave school, they will be equipped for obtaining office jobs.
条件状语从句中
1）If you arrive early, you' ll get a good seat.
2）If you go into a school or university anywhere, the chances are you will see students in Li Ning tracksuits with the familiar logo.
3）You can come to the match with me as long as you are here before 12.
让步状语从句中
1）However much I practise I shall never win an Olympic gold medal.
2）I wouldn't lose courage even if I should fail ten times.
3）Even if you won't tell me, I' ll know anyway.
时间表安排的事情
When does the train go ? It leaves at 8 o'clock.
2. am/is/are doing表达“将来”
“来去起止”类的“结果动词”，或“瞬间动词”,它们的进行时用来表达“即将、马上、计划安排”的事情，（推理一下：was/were doing 也应该有此用法）。
e.g.
1). He 's going to shop with her this afternoon.(用 will go shopping也可，但意向和结果上有区别）
2). They 're coming to stay for a week.
3). Your breakfast is coming soon.
3. will be doing
表达“注定、必然的将来”，这是因为情态动词“will"的作用。
e.g.
If you plant watermelon seeds in the spring, you will be eating fresh watermelon in the fall.
4. did 表达“将来”
对“现在或将来”之事的假设、虚拟。
e.g.
1). If I were you,I would choose the chance.
2). It's time that we went to the airport now.
5. had done
对“过去之事”的假设、虚拟。如：had hoped “原本希望”。
e.g.
If you had come yesterday , we would have set out for Hainan.
英语中经常会用“过去时”来表达某种“情感态度”，虚拟语气就是一种常见的形式（一些语法书把这种情况下的could不当作can的过去式，这样会让学生们困惑），在第五讲中，我们还会专门来学习。
e.g.
1). Could you babysit for us on Friday?
2). Could I speak to you in private a moment, John?
3). You couldn't have had a cold ,if you had avoided the heavy rain yesterday.
这一讲之后，我们会加入词汇的学习。只要认真跟着我们的视频来学习记忆，正常情况下，一个月左右就可以学完《课标》3500词，记忆效果极佳。怎样快速突破词汇瓶颈，是英语教学的一个重大课题。我们的“ 词意分类集中记忆法” ，全国首创，真正实现了“简洁、高效、实用”的愿景。此法可应对所有级别和层次的语汇学习，当然包括考博。我们用了近十年的时间来进行筛选和实践对比，最后才定型此法。劳动成果不易，望大家静下心来，一鼓作气拿下中学阶段所要求的词汇，以开始真正的英语学习、欣赏之旅，更重要的是可以从容应对英语的中高考。
练题
上一篇文章中我们已经放入了高考时态考点题，在此不再重复，只给出答案。
1，Tom, you didn’t come to the party last night?
I was going to , but I suddenly remembered I had homework to do.
汤姆，你昨晚没来参加聚会？我本来是要去的 ，但我突然想起我还有作业要做。
2，The flowers were so lovely that they were sold out in no time.
花很漂亮，不一会儿就卖完了。
3，Is there anything wrong. Bob? You look sad.
Oh, nothing much. In fact, I am thinking of my friends back home.
有什么问题吗。鲍勃？你看起来很伤感。哦，没什么。其实，我在想家乡的朋友。
4. I know a little bit about Italy as my wife and I went there several years ago.
我对意大利有一点了解，因为几年前我和妻子去过意大利。
5，Have you known Dr. Jackson for a long time?
Yes, since she joined the Chinese Society.
你认识杰克逊博士很久了吗？是的，自从她加入华人协会后，就认识了。
6， If the weather had been better, we could have had a picnic. But it rained all day.
如果天气好一点，我们可以去野餐的。可是今天下了一整天的雨。
7， If their marketing plans succeed, they will increase their sales by 20 percent.
如果他们的营销计划成功，他们的销售额将增加20%。
8, The wet weather will continue tomorrow when a cold front is excepted to arrive.
明天除了寒流如期而至，潮湿的天气还会继续。
9, His sister left home in 1998, and hasn't heard of since.
他妹妹1998年离家出走，从此杳无音讯。
10, Edward, you play so well, But I didn't know you played the piano.
爱德华，你弹得真好，但我之前不知道你会弹钢琴。
11, Progress has been so far very good and we are sure that the work will be finished on time.
到目前为止进展非常好，我们相信工程会按时完成。
12, Have you finished reading Jane Eyre?No，I was doing my homework all day yesterday．
你读完《简爱》了吗？没有，我昨天一整天都在做作业。
13, When you are home, give a call to let me know you have arrived safely．
家后到，给我打个电话，让我知道你已经安全到达/报个平安。
14, The discovery of gold in Australia led thousands to believe that a fortune was to be made.
澳大利亚黄金的发现，使成千上万的人相信，将会有一笔财富。
15, Barbara is easy to recognize as she's the only of the women who wears evening dress.
芭芭拉很容易被认出，因为她是女人中唯一穿晚礼服的人。
16, If you don't like the drink you ordered just leave it and try a different one.
如果你不喜欢你点的饮料，就别喝了，换一种试试。
17, Planing so far ahead makes no sense, so many thing will have changed by next year.
这么远的计划是没有意义的，到明年很多事情都会发生变化。
18, I wasn't sure if he was really interested or if he just was being polite.
我不知道他是真的感兴趣，还是客气而已。
19, When Alice came to, she did not know how long she had been lying there.
当爱丽丝来的时候，她不知道自己在那里躺了多久。
20, "Life is like walking in the snow", Granny used to say, "because every step shows”.
"人生就像在雪地里行走"，外婆常说，"因为每一步都能看出"。
21, I had been working on math for the whole afternoon and the numbers swam before my eyes.
我做了一下午的数学题，数字游走于我眼前。
22, If we don't act now to protect the environment, we'll live to regret it.
如果我们现在不行动起来保护环境，我们会后悔的。
23, When I first met Bryan I didn't like him, but I have changed my mind.
当我第一次见到布莱恩时，我并不喜欢他，但我已经改变了主意。
24, We were leaving (or would leave )very early so we packed the night before.
我们要离开(或将离开)很早，所以我们前一天晚上就收拾好了行李。
25, In 1969, the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River Cleveland, Ohio.
It was unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up.
1969年，俄亥俄州克利夫兰市库亚霍加河沿岸的污染很严重。无法想象它能被清理干净。
26, There were many people waiting at the bus stop，where a boy on a bike
caught my attention.
公交车站有很多人在等车，其中一个骑自行车的男孩引起了我的注意。
27, It was raining lightly when I arrived in Yangshuo just before dawn.
Yangshuo is really beautiful.
天刚亮就到了阳朔，天还下着小雨。阳朔真的很美。
28, This cycle goes day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset for the outside temperatures.
这种循环日复一日：墙体在白天升温，晚上降温，因此总是能及时抵消外界的温度。
29, It was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research, and I was allowed to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre.
我非常荣幸被邀请到非营利性的熊猫基地的后台，（对于基地，门票的钱有助于支付研究经费，）因此，得以在占地600英亩的基地里近距离接触这些可爱的动物。
30, Leaving the less important things until tomorrow is often acceptable.
把不太重要的事情留到明天去做，往往是可以接受的。
31. Whatever it is, make sure it's a relief from daily stress rather than another thing
to worry about.
不管是什么，都要确保它是日常压力的缓解，而不是另一件需要担心的事情。
32. Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and were too violent for use at the table.
孔子认为刀会让人想起杀戮，而且太过于粗暴，不适合在餐桌上使用。
33. When fat and salt are removed from food, the food tastes as if is missing something.
当食物中的脂肪和盐被去除后，食物的味道就像缺少了点什么。
34. Fast food is full of fat and salt.
快餐食品中含有大量的脂肪和盐。
35. Steam engines were used to pull the carriages at that time.
当时是用蒸汽机拉车。
36. Later, engineers managed to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道）,
which became known to the tube.
后来，工程师们设法用深隧道系统来修建铁路，这就是后来人们所熟知的管道。
37. Sarah was told that she could be Britain's new supermodel earning a million dollars
in the new year.
莎拉被告知，在新的一年里，她可以成为英国新超模，赚取100万美元。
38. Sarah says, "My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment,
school comes first.
莎拉说："我爸爸认为我现在应该接受这个提议。但目前，上学是第一位的。
39. The review says it is more effective at lengthening life than walking, cycling or swimming.
评论说，它比步行、骑自行车或游泳更有效地延长寿命。
40. When I was a child, I hoped to live in the city. I thought I would be happy there.
当我还是个孩子的时候，我希望能生活在城市里。我以为在那里我会很快乐。
41. After looking at the toy for some time, he turned around and found that his parents
were missing.
看了一会儿玩具，转身发现父母不见了。
42. Tony was scared and began to cry. A woman saw him crying and told him to wait outside the shop.
托尼很害怕，开始哭泣。一位女士看到他在哭，就让他在这家商店外面等。