中考语法讲与练之感叹句
点拨1：感叹句的类型：
⑴ What a∕an +adj+可数名词单数 （+主语+谓语）！
What +adj+可数名词复数∕不可数名词 （+主语+谓语）！
What a fine day (it is) !多么好的天啊！ （day为可数名词单数）
What an interesting book it is !多么有趣的一本书啊！（book为可数名词单数）
What beautiful flowers they are !多么漂亮的花啊！ （flowers为可数名词复数）
What bad weather it is!多么糟糕的天气啊！（weather为不可数名词）
⑵ How +adj +主语+（谓语中的）系动词！
How +adv +主语+（谓语中的）实义动词！
How happy I am!我多麽高兴啊！ （happy为adj,am为系动词）
How hard they are working !他们工作多么努力啊！（hard为adv,work为实义动词）
点拨2：如何判断感叹句开头，如何填写"What/What a/What an/How"
方法：1.找到句子中的动词，把所有动词删去；然后删去动词或动词短语的主语；
2. 判断主语前面单词的词性：①若为可数名词单数，感叹句首加"What a/What an"；②若为可数名词复数或，感叹句首加"What"；③若为形容词，感叹句首加"How"。
例如：①_______________ difficult homework we had yesterday!
解析：句子中动词为had,其主语为we；删去we had yesterday；前面单词homework，为不可数名词，句首填What;
② ________ cute dog it is!
解析：句子中动词为is其主语为it；删去 it is；前面单词dog，为可数名词单数，句首填What a;
③_____ cool your new car is!
解析：句子中动词为is,其主语为your new car；删去your new car is；前面单词cool，为形容词，句首填How。
练习、用What , What a , What an , How 填空。
1.______ hot the weather is! 2. _____ hard her father works!
3._____long way it is from Guangdong to Paris! 4.______fine day it was yesterday!
5.______lovely baby! 6._______beautiful your voice is!
7.______ sad news he told us! 8.________happy she was last weekend!
9.________nice the garden is! 10._______ happy life we have! 11._______delicious mooncakes!
答案：1.How 2.How 3. What 4. What a 5. 6.How 7.What 8.How 9.How 10. What a 11. What
做题规律总结：删去后面句子中的动词和主语后，若是剩下的为一个单词，必定为形容词和副词，句首填How即可；若开头剩余的不是一个单词，句首一定填What,究竟是What/What a/What an ，再根据剩余单词的中心词的性质判断。
★点拨3：陈述句改为感叹句，可以采用"一判、二定、三移"。
一判：在动词后画一条线，判断出动词后的中心词的词性（adj∕adv∕n）；
二定：根据判断出来的结果来确定引导词（中心词为名词用What；中心词为形容词或副词用How；）
三移：就是把主语和谓语移到后面。
注意：在感叹句中，不得出现so,very，very much等表示程度的单词。
例如：①Our school is beautiful .
一判：beautiful为形容词；二定：beautiful为形容词，用How 来引导；三移：把Our school is移到How beautiful后面，即为感叹句How beautiful our school is!
②He is a clever boy.
一判：boy为名词；二定：boy为名词，用What来引导；三移：把He is移到What a clever boy 后面，即为感叹句What a clever boy he is!
③He studies English well.
一判：well为副词；二定：well为副词，用How 来引导；三移：把He studies English移到How well后面，即为感叹句How well he studies English !
(注意：若动词和面的名词构成动词短语，则该词组不可拆开,见③)
练习、将下列句子变为感叹句。①The room is very bright.
② We live a happy life today.
③It is a nice present.
④This is a difficult problem.
⑤She played the piano wonderfully.
答案：①How bright the room is!
②What a happy life we live today.
③What a nice present it is!
④What a difficult problem this is!
⑤How wonderfully she played the piano ！
选择题
1. _______ fast the boy ran! A. How B. How an C. What D. What an
2. _______ well you sing but _______ badly he dances!
A. How, how B. What, what C. How, what D. What, how
3. ________ delicious the soup is! I'd like some more. A. How B. How an C. What D. What an
4. _____ fools they were! They believed what the man said. A. How B. How an C. What D.What an
5. _____ foolish they were! They believed what the man said.A. How B. How an C.What D. What an
6. _______ difficult they are! I can't answer them.A. How B. How an C. What D. What an
7. I miss my friend very much. _______ I want to see her!A. How B. How an C. What D. What an
8. _______ lovely weather we are having these days! A. How B. How an C. What D. What an
9. _____ beautiful your new dress is! A. How B. How an C. What D. What an
10. _____ interesting work it is to teach children! A. How B. How an C. What a D. What
答案及做题方法解析：1.A 去掉动词ran和主语the boy，fast为副词，选择How;
3. A but前后为两个句子。分别去掉动词sing和dances及其主语you和he,剩余的well和badly为副词，都选how; 3.A 去掉动词is及其主语 the soup，剩余 delicious 为形容词，选择how。
4.C 去掉动词were及其主语they，剩余fools为名词复数，选择what。
5.A 去掉动词were及其主语they，剩余foolish为形容词，选择how。
6.C 去掉动词were及其主语they，剩余questions为可数名词复数，选择what。
7.A 横线后为整个句子，选择how。
8.C 去掉动词are having及其主语 we，剩余weather 为不可数名词，选择what。
9.A 去掉动词is及其主语your new dress，剩余beautiful为形容词，选择how。
10.D 去掉动词is及其主语it，剩余work 为不可数名词，选择what。
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