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天小编为大家带来期刊论文《利他偏好下零售商主导的低碳供应链决策与协调》的关键词定义分析，
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Today, the editor brings you the Keyword definition analysis of the term paper "Retailer-led low carbon supply chain decision making and coordination under altruistic preferences”，
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内容提要
亲爱的读者大家好，今天小编将从思维导图、精读内容、知识补充三个板块为大家带来期刊论文《利他偏好下零售商主导的低碳供应链决策与协调》的关键词定义分析，快来跟随小编一起学习吧！
Hello dear readers, Today, I will bring you the the Keyword definition analysis of the term paper "Retailer-led low carbon supply chain decision making and coordination under altruistic preferences”， come and follow me！
正文
01
思维导图
02
精读内容
利他偏好：
“利他”是指出于自愿给予他人帮助的一种行为。“偏好”在微观经济学中是指消费者对商品产生效用的喜好。因此利他偏好是指给予他人帮助使自己效用增大的倾向行为。具体来说，在本篇研究中的利他偏好是指：供应链渠道领导者(即本研究中的零售商，称为她)可能不仅基于自己的预期利润，也基于她对供应链中其他各方利益的关心或关注做出决策。
零售商主导：
在供应链中以终端零售商为核心企业，对整个供应链的运营和管理拥有主导权，成为整个供应链网络的协调中心。
供应链协调：
为使供应链的信息流、物流和资金流能无缝地、顺畅地在供应链中传递，减少因信息不对称造成的生产、供应和销售等环节的不确定性，以及消除因供应链的各成员目标不同而造成的利益冲突，提高供应链的整体绩效而采取的各种行动。根据以往的研究可知，协调合同主要包括收入分享、成本分担、两部制关税和价格折扣。
Altruistic Preference：
"Altruism" refers to the act of volunteering to help others. In microeconomics, "preference" refers to a consumer's preference for a good that produces utility. Thus, altruistic preference refers to the tendency to give help to others to increase one's own utility. Specifically, altruistic preference in this study means that the supply chain channel leader (i.e., the retailer in this study, referred to as she) may make decisions based not only on her own expected profits, but also on her care or concern for the interests of other parties in the supply chain.
Retailer-led：
The end retailer as the core company in the supply chain has the dominant role in the operation and management of the entire supply chain, and becomes the coordinating center of the entire supply chain network.
Supply chain coordination：
Various actions taken to enable the information flow, logistics and capital flow of the supply chain to pass seamlessly and smoothly in the supply chain, to reduce the uncertainty in production, supply and sales caused by information asymmetry, as well as to eliminate the conflict of interest caused by the different objectives of each member of the supply chain and to improve the overall performance of the supply chain. Based on previous studies, it is known that coordination contracts mainly include revenue sharing, cost sharing, two-part tariffs, and price discounts.
03
知识补充
前面提及到协调合同中的收入分享、成本分担和价格折扣，那它们具体的意思是什么呢？
收入分享：收入共享是卖方设定产品价格，与买方协调，分享买方销售利润。即买方给卖方一部分收益，以换取批发价格的折扣。
成本分担：在学术界，成本分担契约常用于解决供应链协调问题, 是供应链企业紧密合作的一种有效工具。常见的两种供应链成本分担契约：一种是制造商为零售商承担部分售后服务成本，另一种是制造商为零售商承担部分售后服务成本，零售商也为制造商承担部分质量成本。
价格折扣：是一种将上游企业的批发价格和回购价格与产品的零售价格的变化量保持预先约定的线性和非线性关系。
Revenue sharing, cost sharing and price discounts in a coordinated contract were mentioned earlier, so what do they mean exactly?
Revenue sharing: Revenue sharing is where the seller sets the price of the product and coordinates with the buyer to share in the buyer's sales profit. That is, the buyer gives the seller a portion of the proceeds in exchange for a discount on the wholesale price.
Cost-sharing: In academia, cost-sharing contracts are often used to solve supply chain coordination problems and are an effective tool for supply chain companies to work closely together. Two common types of supply chain cost-sharing contracts are: one in which the manufacturer bears part of the after-sales service cost for the retailer, and the other in which the manufacturer bears part of the after-sales service cost for the retailer and the retailer bears part of the quality cost for the manufacturer.
Price discount: It is a linear and non-linear relationship between the wholesale and buy-back prices of upstream companies and the amount of change in the retail price of the product that is pre-agreed.
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参考资料：Deepl翻译
参考文献：Wang Y, Yu Z, Jin M, et al. Decisions and coordination of retailer-led low-carbon supply chain under altruistic preference[J]. European Journal of Operational Research, 2021, 293(3): 910-925.