中国•灵沼
一场大火燃烧了半个世纪，中国专家团队研究出了达瓦札地质灾害的治理方案，拟关闭燃烧了48年之久的"地狱之门"，这场大火不期将有望熄灭。
土库曼斯坦地图
位于中亚的土库曼斯坦卡拉库姆沙漠中部的达瓦扎火坑，燃烧了48个年头，每当夜幕降临时它就会显得格外的耀眼。
达瓦扎火坑地理位置图
据了解，这场大火自1971年燃烧至今，不但对环境产生严重危害，还浪费了大量的天然气资源，今天我们就来了解一下这个火坑。
达瓦札火坑卫星视图
这个火坑下面温度高达摄氏1000多度，坑口地面温度也有60余度，站在坑口，热浪袭人，有种灼热的感觉，当地人称之为"地狱之门"。
达瓦扎火坑
火坑位于土库曼斯坦卡拉库姆沙漠中的达瓦札村以北7.5km，海拔高程110m，具体坐标为北纬40°15′，东经58°26′。（40°15'8.90"N 58°26'24.00"E）
达瓦扎火坑距首都阿什哈巴德260km
这个大坑是这样形成的，在1971年前苏联的地质专家，在土库曼斯坦卡拉库姆沙漠的达瓦扎村附近，进行天然气勘察钻探时，地面出现塌陷，人和设备都掉进大坑之中。形成了这个直径70米、深度30.5米的大坑，导致地下的天然气从坑中泄漏。
夜幕下的达瓦扎火坑
由于天然气达到一定浓度，是会对人畜有窒息作用的气体，为了防止天然气的泄漏危害到附近的居民，前苏联的专家们通过研究决定，采用了一个最为简单的方法，点燃了这些泄漏出来的天然气。原以为点燃天然气，燃烧完后就没事了，可让这些让专家始料未及的是，这把火燃烧了48年之久，现在还在燃烧着。
土库曼斯坦天然气储量位居世界第四，卡拉库姆沙漠地下储量丰富，如果不想办法熄灭大火，估計还将会继续燃烧几十年，甚至会燃烧到下个世纪。
地狱之门
人们不禁会问，为何土库曼斯坦政府不派人去把它扑灭？土库曼斯坦政府肯定想把火灭掉，只是因为技术复杂，涉及很多专业，牵扯问题也多，他们至今没有一套完全整成熟的方案。
前苏联的科学家人才济济，1971年发生灾害事故到前苏联国家解体的1991年底，20年间都没办法。后来的土库曼斯坦专家学者那么多，又28年过去了，依然束手无策，其地质灾害治理难度可想而知。
土库曼斯坦总统 库尔班古力·别尔德穆哈梅多夫 （ Gurbanguly Mälikgulyýewic），2010年4月视察了这个地方，并下令将火扑灭，关闭"地狱之门"。直至现在，也过去了10年无法扑灭，这坑内的火焰从未间断，一直还在燃烧。离火坑让那个不远处的水坑和泥浆坑，也是这样形成的。
地狱之门
离火坑不远处的泥浆坑
离火坑不远处的水坑
据传 ，四十八年以来，德国的、美国的、加拿大的多家公司去过，就是没有一家把火灭了，都是看看就走了。
最近传来好消息，国内某公司专家团队，协同国内相关的国企民企，对达瓦扎地质灾害跟踪研究了四年之久，已经研究出了切实可行的技术方案处理达瓦扎地质灾害，熄灭燃烧了48年的达瓦扎火坑，关闭"地狱之门"指日可待。
该公司研制的天然气收集装置和输出装置，是达瓦扎地质灾害处理的核心技术，该公司科研团队进行了4年研究，通过反复试验，最后审定完成了该项施工技术方案，目前计划申报世界发明专利。 在有明火而且温度高达1000℃的火坑中，收集天然气，还要输送出来，其技术难度可想而知。 收集时发生闪爆和输出中二次爆炸等相关问题，他们是如何做到了安全规避，这些都是核心技术中最为关键的部分。 收集闪爆和输送过程中的二次爆炸如果解决不好，处理达瓦扎地质灾害就无从谈起。 问及他们如何关闭地狱之门时，他们对此项技术笑而不答，缄口不言，一字未漏，看来他们已是突破了其技术难关，胸有成竹，秘不示人。
他们还策划了这次"关闭达瓦札地狱之门"灭火过程全球直播，这个策划更是中国人自信心的展示，没有十足的把握灭火，谁敢全球直播？！ 全球直播也是一次很好的商机，该公司目前已经开始了直播策划脚本编写。 与土库曼斯坦签约后，就可以进入全球直播招商。
再难的事，难不倒咱中国人，我们将拭目以待。
撰稿：张秉勤
陕西灵沼宗周文化产业发展有限公司
2019年10月12日
A big fire burned for 48 years, and Chinese experts worked out an implementation plan to close the "gates of hell."
Lingzhao, China
A fire has been burning for half a century, and a team of Chinese experts has worked out a plan to control the geological disaster in Davaza. It is planned to close the "gates of hell" that have been burning for 48 years. The fire is not expected to go out.
Map of Turkmenistan
The Davaza fire pit in the central Karakum desert of Turkmenistan, located in Central Asia, has been burning for 48 years. It will be especially dazzling when night falls.
Geographic Location Map of Dawaza Fire Pit
It is understood that the fire has not only caused serious harm to the environment but also wasted a lot of natural gas resources since it was burned in 1971. Today we will take a look at this fire pit.
Satellite view of Dawazar crater
The temperature below the crater is as high as over 1,000 degrees Celsius, and the ground temperature at the crater is also over 60 degrees. Standing at the crater, the heat wave is very hot, and the local people call it "the gate of hell".
Dawaza fire pit
Huokeng is located 7.5km north of Dawazha village in Karakum desert of Turkmenistan, with an elevation of 110m above sea level. The specific coordinates are 40 15' north latitude and 58 26' east longitude.（40°15'8.90"N 58°26'24.00"E）
The Davaza fire pit is 260km away from the capital Ashgabat.
This big pit was formed in this way. In 1971, when geological experts from the former Soviet Union carried out natural gas exploration and drilling near the village of Davaza in the Karakum desert of Turkmenistan, the ground collapsed and people and equipment fell into the big pit.The crater, 70 meters in diameter and 30.5 meters in depth, was formed, causing underground natural gas to leak from the crater.
Dawaza Fire Pit at Night
As natural gas reaches a certain concentration, it is a gas that can suffocate human beings and animals. In order to prevent the leakage of natural gas from endangering nearby residents, experts from the former Soviet Union decided through research to use the simplest method to ignite the leaked natural gas.I thought that the natural gas would be ignited and then it would be all right. What the experts did not expect was that the fire had been burning for 48 years and was still burning.
Turkmenistan has the fourth largest natural gas reserves in the world, and the Karakum desert is rich in underground reserves. If the fire is not extinguished, it is estimated that it will continue to burn for decades or even into the next century.
The gates of hell
One cannot help asking why the Turkmen government did not send people to put it out.The Turkmen government definitely wants to put out the fire, just because the technology is complicated, involving many specialties and many problems. They have not yet come up with a fully-fledged plan.
Scientists from the former Soviet Union are in great demand. From the 1971 disaster to the end of 1991 when the former Soviet Union disintegrated, there was no way out for 20 years.There were so many experts and scholars in Turkmenistan, and 28 years later, they were still at a loss. The difficulty of controlling geological disasters was palpable.
Turkmen President Gurbanguly Berdymuhamedov visited the place in April 2010 and ordered the fire to be extinguished and the "gates of hell" to be closed.Until now, it has been 10 years since it could not be extinguished. The flames in this pit have never stopped burning.From the fire pit, the nearby puddle and mud pit were also formed in this way.
The gates of hell
Mud pit not far from fire pit
A puddle not far from the fire pit.
It is said that many companies in Germany, the United States and Canada have been there for 48 years, but none of them have put out the fire and left after looking at it.
Recently, there is good news that a team of experts from a domestic company, together with relevant state-owned enterprises and private enterprises in China, has been tracking and studying the geological disaster in Dawaza for four years and has worked out a feasible technical scheme to deal with the geological disaster in Dawaza, extinguishing the fire pit in Dawaza that has burned for 48 years and closing the "gates of hell" just around the corner.
The natural gas collection device and output device developed by the company are the core technologies for geological disaster treatment in Davaza. The scientific research team of the company has carried out 4 years of research. Through repeated tests, the construction technical scheme has been finalized and is currently planning to apply for world invention patents.In a fire pit with open flames and temperatures as high as 1,000℃, the technical difficulty of collecting natural gas and transporting it out can be imagined.Flash explosion and secondary explosion in the output occurred during collection and other related issues. How did they avoid safety? These are the most critical parts of the core technology.If the collection of flash explosions and the secondary explosions in the transportation process are not solved properly, it is impossible to deal with the geological disaster in Dawanza.When asked how they closed the gates of hell, they laughed and did not answer the technology. They kept their mouths shut and did not leak a word. It seems that they have already broken through their technical difficulties, and they have answers in their hearts and do not reveal their secrets.
They planned the global live broadcast of the fire-fighting process of "closing down the gates of hell in Davaza", which is also a demonstration of the Chinese people's self-confidence. Without full assurance, who dares to broadcast it globally?!The global live broadcast is also a good business opportunity. The company has already started the live broadcast planning work.After signing a contract with Turkmenistan, he immediately entered the global live investment promotion work.
No matter how difficult it is, we Chinese will not be defeated. We will wait and see.
Contributor: Zhang Bingqin
Shaanxi lingzhao zongzhou cultural industry development co., ltd.
12 October 2019