背景知识
根据约翰斯霍布金斯大学的追踪数据,截至美西时间7月26日晚7点20分,美国Covid-19阳性病例为90733888,3天新增20.02万 ;死亡病例为1027886,新增死亡病例517。全球Covid-19阳性病例累计为572289138,死亡病例累计为6388751。全美阳性病例排在前10位的州依次为加州(10644446)、得州(7494975)、佛罗里达(6754722)、纽约州(5792205)、伊利诺斯(3548004)、宾夕法尼亚(3059965)、俄亥俄(2918366)、北卡(2949198)、乔治亚(2721391)和密歇根(2672312)。全美死亡病例排在前10位的州依次加州(93319)、得州(89154)、佛罗里达(77286)、纽约州(70187)、宾夕法尼亚(46047)、俄亥俄(38981)、乔治亚(38933)、伊利诺斯(38830)、密歇根(37428)和新泽西(34222)。目前全球阳性病例排在前3位的是美国(90733888)、印度(43920451)和巴西(33659879);死亡病例排在前3位的是美国(1027886)、巴西(677494)、印度(526110)。

正文阅读
America Was in an Early-Death Crisis Long Before COVID
早在COVID之前,美国就陷入了早期死亡危机
Jacob Bor has been thinking about a parallel universe. He envisions a world in which America has health on par with that of other wealthy nations, and is not an embarrassing outlier that, despite spending more on health care than any other country, has shorter life spans, higher rates of chronic disease and maternal mortality, and fewer doctors per capita than its peers. Bor, an epidemiologist at Boston University School of Public Health, imagines the people who are still alive in that other world but who died in ours. He calls such people “missing Americans.” And he calculates that in 2021 alone, there were 1.1 million of them.
雅各布·博尔一直在思考一个平行宇宙。他设想了这样一个世界:美国的健康状况与其他富裕国家相当,而不是一个令人尴尬的异类,尽管在医疗保健方面的支出比其他任何国家都多,但寿命较短,慢性病和产妇死亡率较高,人均医生数量也比其他国家少。波士顿大学公共卫生学院的流行病学家鲍尔想象着那些在另一个世界里仍然活着但在我们的世界里死去的人。他把这些人称为“失踪的美国人”。他计算出,仅在2021年,就有110万这样的人。
Bor and his colleagues arrived at that number by using data from an international mortality database and the CDC. For every year from 1933 to 2021, they compared America’s mortality rates with the average of Canada, Japan, and 16 Western European nations (adjusting for age and population). They showed that from the 1980s onward, the U.S. started falling behind its peers. By 2019, the number of missing Americans had grown to 626,000. After COVID arrived, that statistic ballooned even further—to 992,000 in 2020, and to 1.1 million in 2021.
博尔和他的同事通过使用一个国际死亡率数据库和CDC的数据得出了这个数字。从1933年到2021年的每一年,他们将美国的死亡率与加拿大、日本和16个西欧国家的平均水平进行比较(根据年龄和人口进行调整)。他们显示,从20世纪80年*开代**始,美国开始落后于其同行。到2019年,失踪的美国人已经增加到62.6万。在COVID到来之后,这一统计数字甚至进一步膨胀到2020年的99.2万,2021年达到110万。
Were the U.S. “just average (compared to other wealthy countries), not even the best performer, fully a third of all deaths last year would have been prevented,” Bor told me. That includes half of all deaths among working-age adults. “Think of two people you might know under 65 who died last year: One of them might still be alive,” he said. “It raises the hairs on the back of my neck.”
博尔告诉我,如果美国“与其他富裕国家相比只是平均水平,甚至不是表现最好的国家,那么去年所有死亡人数的三分之一就会被预防。”这包括工作年龄的成年人中所有死亡的一半。“想想你可能认识的两个65岁以下的人,他们去年都死了。其中一个可能还活着,”他说。“这让我脖子上的汗毛都竖了起来。”
今日单词
- parallel universe 平行宇宙;
- envision /ɪnˈvɪʒ(ə)n/ vt.想象;预想;
- on par with 不分上下;势均力敌;
- embarrassing /ɪmˈbærəsɪŋ/ adj.令人尴尬的;
- outlier /ˈaʊtlaɪər/ n.异类;奇葩;
- maternal /məˈtɜːrnl/ adj.母亲的;母系的;
- mortality /mɔːrˈtæləti/ n.死亡率;
- per capita 每人;
- peer /pɪr/ n.同类;
- epidemiologist /ˌepɪˌdiːmiˈɑːlədʒɪst/ n.流行病学家;
- adjust /əˈdʒʌst/ vt.调整;
- balloon / bəˈluːn/ vi.膨胀;激增;
- fully /ˈfʊli/ adv.完全地;整整地;
- raise the hairs on the back of my neck (吓得)全身汗毛直竖;
素材来源
文本选自:The Guardian(卫报)
作者:Justin McCurry
原文发布时间:23 Jul. 2022
每日美句
Time tries all things.
时间检验一切。