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Hello, everyone and welcome back to "English with Lucy."
大家好，欢迎回到“跟着 Lucy 学英语”。
Today, I'm very excited about this video, it's a video about cleaning.
今天，我因为这部影片感到非常兴奋，这是关于清洁的视频。
I have noticed so many people making loads of errors when they're talking about cleaning.
我注意到有很多人在谈论清洁时会犯错。
It's a very popular topic online nowadays.
这是如今在线上非常受欢迎的话题。
I'm going to give you lots of cleaning verbs, these are essential.
我要给你很多清洁有关的动词，这些是必不可少的。
But also the corresponding phrasal verbs that a lot of people struggle with.
而且还有很多人都觉得很难的相应的短语动词。
I'm also going to give you some phrases and vocab words related to cleaning at the end.
最后我还要教你一些与清洁有关的短语和词汇。
Firstly, before we get started, I would just like to thank the sponsor of today's video, it is italki.
首先，在我们开始之前，我要感谢今天视频的赞助商，即 italki。
If you haven't heard of italki before it's a huge online database of both native and non-native teachers who give one-to-one video lessons 24 hours a day, seven days a week.
如果你以前从未听说过 italki，这是一个庞大的在线数据库，拥有母语和非母语老师教授一对一视频课程，全年无休。
You can learn English and over 130 other languages from anywhere in the world, anytime, as long as you have a stable internet connection.
无论何时何地都你可以学习英语和超过130种其他语言，只要你有稳定的互联网连接。
It's an incredibly affordable way of learning a language much cheaper than an offline tutor or a language academy.
这是学习语言的一种非常实惠的方式，比线下的老师或语言学院便宜得多。
So many people message me and ask me how they can meet and talk to native speakers, because they want to practise.
很多人发私信问我如何遇到并与母语者交谈，因为他们想练习。
Italki is a really good option because yes, they have the qualified teachers, but they also have community teachers who will practise conversation with you.
Italki 是一个非常好的选择，因为是的，他们有合格的老师，同时他们也有社区老师与你练习对话。
They've given me an offer to pass on to you, you will receive $10 worth of italki credit in your student wallet 48 hours after making your first purchase of any amount.
他们通过我给你们了一个优惠，在首次完成任意金额的购买后，48小时内你的学生钱包将收到价值10美元的 italki 代金券。
That could be a free lesson.
这相当于一节免费的课程。
Just click on the link below in the description box to sign up.
只需要点击下面描述栏中的链接进行注册。
Right, let's get on with the lesson.
好的，我们继续上课。
Firstly, we're going to look at some cleaning verbs, and their examples of course, 'cause I know you love examples.
首先，我们来看看一些清洁动词，当然还有例句，因为我知道你们喜欢例句。
But afterwards, we're going to look at their corresponding phrasal verbs, how you can transform them into cleaning related phrasal verbs.
但是之后，我们要看在他们对应的短语动词，如何把它们变成清洁相关的短语动词。
I'm going to show you a really cool trick that will help you remember which preposition goes with which verb.
我要告诉你一个很酷的技巧，这将帮助你记住哪个介词与哪个动词搭配。
But let's begin with the verbs.
但是，让我们从动词开始。
Number one is to wipe.
第一是擦拭。
To wipe.
擦拭。
This is to clean or dry something by rubbing a cloth, your hand or some paper.
它是指通过用布、你的手或一些纸来清洁或擦干物品。
For example, make sure you wipe the surfaces with a clean cloth.
例如，请务必用干净的布擦拭表面。
Number two, we have to clean.
第二个词是清洁。
It's important because it relates to the phrasal verb.
这个词很重要，因为它与短语动词相关。
This means to make clean, not dirty, free from marks and dirt.
这意味着要弄干净，不能脏，没有痕迹和污垢。
For example, I'm going to clean the bathroom because it's in a terrible state.
例如，我要打扫浴室因为它很糟糕。
Number three sounds similar to, to clean, it's to clear, and the meaning is different.
第三个听起来跟 clean 很像，那就是清理，意思不同。
It means to remove unwanted items or objects from.
它的意思是从中删除不需要的物品或东西。
So, with to clean, you're simply removing marks and dirt, to clear, you're removing actual objects or items.
因此，清洁指的是去除污渍和污垢，要清理指的是移除实际的物品或东西。
For example, I cook the food, my fiance clears the table.
例如，我做饭，未婚夫清理桌子。
He's clearing objects, he is removing used and unwanted items from the table.
他正在清理物品，正在清除桌子上的旧物品和不需要的物品。
If I clean my workspace, I'll probably be wiping down the surfaces or washing the table.
如果我清洁工作区，可能会擦表面或洗桌子。
If I clear my workspace, I'm probably organising it, removing pens and old bills and things like that.
如果我清理工作区，可能是在整理，丢掉钢笔和旧账单之类的东西。
Number four is to sweep.
第四个是扫。
To sweep.
扫。
This is to clean an area by brushing away dirt or litter.
它指的是通过刷去灰尘或垃圾来清洁某个区域。
I wouldn't say to brush the dirt or brush the patio, I would say can you sweep the patio.
我不会说要刷土或刷露台，我会说你可以扫露台吗？
An example, please sweep the floor carefully.
举个例子，请仔细扫地。
Last time you missed a spot.
上次你有一个地方没扫到。
A spot is a small area.
点是指一个小区域。
Number five is to wash.
第五个是洗。
This means to clean with water and usually soap or a detergent.
它是指用水，通常还有肥皂或清洁剂清洗。
For example, when you wash the dishes, don't use a metal brush on my nonstick pans.
例如，当你洗碗时，不要在不粘锅上使用金属刷。
Two things to note here, I say wash the dishes, but I also talk about pans.
这里要注意两件事，我说洗碗，但是我也说到了平底锅。
When we say wash the dishes, we're speaking about dishes plates and cutlery, but also any other kitchen utensils that have been used in the process of preparing a meal.
当我们说洗碗时，我们所说的是盘子和餐具，还有其它在准备饭菜时用到的厨房用具。
Nonstick pans are different to normal pans because they have a special coating that makes sure that food doesn't cling and burn.
不粘锅与普通锅不同，因为它们有特殊的涂层确保食物不会粘着和烧糊。
The next one, number six, is to hang.
下一个，第六个，就是挂。
This means to suspend something from the top leaving the bottom part to dangle free.
它是指从顶部挂起，底部可以自由晃动。
For example, why does it always rain just as I go to hang my washing on the line?
例如，为什么每当我要把洗的东西挂在绳子上就要下雨？
Number seven is to hoover or to vacuum.
第七个是吸。
This means to clean with a vacuum cleaner.
它是指用吸尘器清洁。
Now, to vacuum is the universal phrase, but to hoover is very common in British English.
现在，vacuum 是普遍的说法，但是 hoover 在英式英语中很常见。
And this is because for many years Hoover, which is a brand of vacuum cleaner basically dominated the market, so we just said we were going to hoover something instead of to vacuum something.
这是因为很多年来，胡佛，这是一个真空吸尘器的品牌，基本上主导了市场所以我们会说 hoover 而不是 vacuum。
Now even if our vacuum cleaner is made by a different brand, we are still inclined to call it a hoover.
现在，即使我们的吸尘器是由其他品牌制造的，我们仍然倾向于将其称为“hoover”。
An example, when my mother hoovers the carpets she likes to leave visible vacuum cleaner marks so that everybody can notice the effort that she's made.
一个例句，当我母亲在吸地毯时，她喜欢留下明显的痕迹，这样每个人都可以注意到她所做的努力。
True story, I love my mom.
真实的故事，我爱我的妈妈。
I always used to wonder why she would hoover so hard to leave these marks.
我一直想知道她为什么会吸得这么卖力来留下这些痕迹。
Now I get it, when I hoover I want people to notice that I've hoovered.
现在我明白了，当我吸尘时，我希望人们注意到我吸过了。
Number eight is to tidy.
第八个是整理。
This means to organise or to arrange neatly or to put something in its place.
它是指整齐地组织或安排，或把东西放到该放的地方。
For example, I'm terrible at tidying my own bedroom, but I'm very good at telling others to tidy theirs.
例如，我很不擅长整理自己的卧室，但是我很擅长告诉别人整理他们的卧室。
Number nine is to mop.
第九个是拖。
This means to clean something by soaking up water or liquid.
它是指通过吸收水或液体来清洁某物。
For example, if you see any spilt drinks, be sure to mop the floor.
举例来说，如果你发现有任何洒出的饮料，一定要拖地。
Number 10 is to polish.
第十个是抛光。
This is to make the surface of something smooth and shiny by rubbing it usually with a cloth.
这是指通过擦拭，通常是用布使物体表面光滑有光泽。
For example, please, could you polish the cutlery before setting the table?
例如，能请你在摆桌子之前擦亮餐具吗？
Note, to set the table is to place all of the things that you need on a table before dinner: cutlery, napkins, plates, salt and pepper, sauces, everything.
注意，摆桌子指的是在晚餐前放置所有 桌上需要的东西：餐具，餐巾纸，盘子，盐和胡椒粉，调味料，一切东西。
To set the table.
摆桌子。
We can also say to lay the table.
我们也可以说 lay the table。
Number 11 is to scrub.
第十一个是刷。
Scrub.
刷。
This is to rub something hard, usually with a brush and water in order to clean it.
它是指用力擦某物，通常用刷子和水清洗。
For example, you'll have to really scrub those baking trays, unfortunately, they're covered in burnt cake.
例如，你真的得刷那些烤盘，不幸的是，它们上面都是被烧焦的蛋糕。
Number 12 is to scour.
第十二个是冲刷。
To scour.
冲刷。
This means to clean the surface of something by rubbing it hard usually with an abrasive or a detergent.
它是指用力擦某物的表面，通常用研磨剂或清洁剂硬擦。
For example, you should scour that pan with a metal brush and lots of washing up liquid.
例如，你应该用金属刷和清洗液刷锅。
And the last one number 13 is to dust.
最后一个，第十三个，是除尘。
This means to remove the dust or dirt from the surface of something by wiping it or brushing it.
这意味着通过擦或刷来清除物体表面的灰尘或污垢。
For example, please could you dust the ornaments on the mantelpiece?
例如，能请你给壁炉架上的装饰品除尘吗？
A mantelpiece is a wooden stone or sometimes marble structure above a fireplace.
壁炉架指的壁炉上方的一块木石头或大理石结构。
It's like a shelf, and we like to put photo frames and ornaments there.
它就像架子一样，我们喜欢在那里放相框和装饰品。
Right, so we've got these 13 cleaning verbs.
好的，所以我们有这13个清洁动词。
How do we transform them into phrasal verbs?
我们如何将它们转换为短语动词呢？
And how do we know which verb goes with which preposition?
我们如何知道哪个动词与哪个介词搭配呢？
Ugh, I can make this so much easier for you.
呃，我可以帮你们把这个变得很简单。
Every single one of these verbs can be used with the preposition up.
这些动词中的每一个都可以跟介词 up 连用。
And up, simply adds emphasis.
而 up只是起强调作用。
To wipe up, to clean up, to clear up.
擦拭。清洁，清理。
Up implies that you're making something better.
Up 表示你正在让某物变得更好。
So, to clean up means to clean something in order to improve it.
因此，clean up 意味着清洁一些东西从而改善它。
Because up is adding emphasis, it doesn't necessarily change the meaning of the verb before it.
因为 up 只是起强调作用，它不一定会改变前面动词的意思。
You can use these cleaning verbs with confidence with the preposition up, knowing that the meaning is not changed.
你可以放心使用地把这些清洁动词跟介词 up 连用，意思不会有改变。
To clean is the same as to clean up.
Clean 的意思跟 clean up 相同。
Just the latter has a little bit more emphasis.
只是后者强调得多一点。
Now, another preposition that you will hear a lot with cleaning verbs is out.
现在，另一个你会经常听到跟清洁动词连用的介词是 out。
The first seven verbs in the verb list can also be used with out.
动词列表中的前七个动词也可以跟 out 连用。
The following six cannot be used with out.
以下六个不能与 out 一起使用。
I mean you could try, but they would sound a bit weird.
我的意思是你可以尝试，但它们听起来有些怪异。
Using out with a cleaning verb implies that something like an unwanted object, or dust or dirt is being removed from the inside of something, whether that be a room or a hollow object.
把清洁动词和 out 连用表示某个东西，例如不想要的物品，灰尘或污垢，正在从某物内部被移除，无论是房间还是空心的物体。
To wipe out.
清理干净。
This could be the inside of a bag.
这可能是袋子的内部。
Can you wipe out your lunch box?
你能把饭盒清理干净吗？
I'm removing all the dirt and old food from the inside of a lunch box.
我要从午餐盒的内部清除所有的污垢和旧的食物。
To clean out or to clear out, these are commonly used with rooms.
Clean out 或 clear out，这些通常用于房间。
To clear out your garage, for example.
例如，清理车库。
To throw away unwanted items, and to make it cleaner.
扔掉不需要的物品，让它更干净。
To hang out is an exception in this case because if you hang out the washing, it doesn't mean that your washing is unwanted it just means that the washing is going to be hung outside.
在这种情况下，hang out 是一个例外，因为如果你把洗的衣服挂出去这并不意味着你洗的衣服是不需要的，这是指洗的衣服将被挂在外面。
But because to hang out is used quite frequently I thought it was important that it was included in this list.
但是因为挂出去经常被用到，我想将其包含在此列表中很重要。
To hoover out, to vacuum out, to wash out, to sweep out.
吸干净，洗净，扫净。
This is all talking about removing dust from somewhere or something.
这都是在谈论把灰尘从某处或某物上清理干净。
To tidy, to mop, to polish, to scrub, to scour, and to dust are not usually used with out, but they are commonly used with up.
整理，拖，抛光，擦洗，洗刷和除尘通常不跟 out 连用，但它们通常与 up 连用。
English is a very diverse and complicated language.
英语是一种非常多样化且复杂的语言。
So, yes, you might hear someone say, "Can you scrub out those pans?"
所以，是的，你可能会听到有人说，“你能刷那些锅吗？”
But I wouldn't recommend it because it's not commonly used.
但是我不建议这么说，因为它不常用。
Right, let's move on to the next part of the lesson.
好的，让我们继续本课程的下一部分。
I'm going to give you some vocabulary words and phrases, some are quite idiomatic, that describe cleanliness.
我要教你们一些词汇和短语，有些是习语，描述的是清洁度。
Words and phrases that you can use to talk about things that are very clean.
你可以用来谈论很干净的事物的单词和短语。
A couple of words first.
首先是几个词。
The first one is spotless.
第一个是一尘不染的。
Spotless.
一尘不染的。
She cleaned the kitchen until it was spotless.
她打扫厨房直到一尘不染。
Next, number two, we have immaculate.
接下来，第二个，我们有无懈可击的。
Immaculate, this means absolutely perfect.
无懈可击的，这意味着绝对的完美。
By the time he'd finished the flat was immaculate.
到他完工时，公寓已经无懈可击了。
Number three is orderly, orderly.
第三个是有序的，有序的。
This means that something is very organised or tidy, everything has a specific place.
这意味着某些东西非常有条理或整洁，一切物品都放在特定的位置上。
The library was very orderly, every book had a place.
图书馆秩序井然，每本书都有专属的位置。
And number four, the last vocabulary word is shipshape, shipshape.
第四个，最后一个词是井井有条，井井有条。
This means in good order, very clean.
这意味着秩序井然，非常干净。
Sarah vacuums every day to keep her house shipshape.
莎拉每天都在吸尘，让房间井井有条。
Now, let's move on to the phrases.
现在，我们继续说短语。
The first one is as clean as a whistle, as clean as a whistle.
第一个是像哨子一样干净，像哨子一样干净。
The sink was as clean as a whistle after using the new detergent.
使用新的洗涤剂后，水槽像哨子一样干净。
We also have as neat as a pin, as neat as a pin.
我们还有像别针一样整齐。
This means the same thing.
意思是一样的。
An example, their hallway was as neat as a pin.
例如，他们的走廊像别针一样整齐。
The next one, number three, is spic and span, spic and span.
下一个，第三个是干净整齐的，干净整齐的。
The guests left the hotel room spic and span, very clean.
客人们离开酒店房间的时候干净整齐的，非常干净。
And the last one is you could eat off the floor.
最后一个是你可以在地板上吃饭。
And this normally talks about someone's kitchen, if their kitchen is so clean, it would actually be hygienic to eat off the floor.
这通常用来谈论某人的厨房，如果他们的厨房很干净在地板上吃饭实际上是很卫生的。
Their home was so clean you could eat off the kitchen floor.
他们的家很干净，可以在厨房的地板上吃饭。
It's a huge compliment to be told that someone would eat off your kitchen floor.
如果有人在你厨房的地板上吃饭，这是一种莫大的赞美。
Right, that's it for today's lesson.
好的，就是今天的课程。
I hope you enjoyed it, and I hope you learned something.
希望你喜欢它，也希望你学到一些东西。
Don't forget to check out italki, the link is in the description box.
别忘了查看 italki，链接就在描述栏中。
You can get your $10 worth of italki credits in your student wallet 48 hours after making your first purchase of any amount.
在首次完成任意金额的购买后，48小时内你的学生钱包将收到价值10美元的 italki 代金券。
You can also connect with me on all of my social media, I've got my Facebook, I've got my Instagram, I've got my Twitter, and I've got my new, it's not so new anymore, is it?
你还可以在我所有的社交媒体上与我联系，我有脸书、INS、推特，还有我的新，也不算新了，对吗？
My personal channel "Lucy Bella Earl" where I talk about everything that isn't English, lifestyle, makeup, skincare, my fiance, my dog, my life, everything.
我的个人频道“Lucy Bella Earl”，在那儿我会谈论一切跟英语无关的内容，生活方式，化妆，护肤，未婚夫，我的狗，我的生活，一切。
I will see you soon for another lesson, mwah!
我们下节课再见，么么哒！
That was me ad-libbing.
那是我随便玩的。
I shall make a note to avoid doing so in the future.
我应该记住以后不要再这样做。
Let's get start, no, let's not get started with the lesson.
我们开始吧，不，我们不要上这堂课。
I need to thank my sponsor.
我要感谢我的赞助商。
I did that too.
我也做了。
Lucy Bella!
露西·贝拉！
This means to make clean, not dirty, free from dirt and (mumbles) , damn it!
它是指弄干净，而不是脏，没有污垢和......，该死！
A spot is on your, no I'm not gonna talk about that.
你的......上有一个点，不，我不能谈论这个。
What is up with me?
我怎么了？
Shut up, Lucy.
闭嘴，Lucy。
For example, please could you. . .
例如，能请你......