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Russia faces difficult choices as winter approaches in Ukraine
Until a few weeks ago, it looked as though the conflict in Ukraine would head into the bitter winter months frozen in place – with neither side making appreciable progress.
直到几周前，由于俄乌双方都没有取得明显进展，冲突看起来会持续到严冬。
That prognosis has changed with the sudden and successful Ukrainian offensive through most of occupied Kharkiv, which has galvanized Ukraine’s Western backers as much as it has led to recriminations in Moscow.
随着乌克兰对被占领的哈尔科夫大部分地区发动了突如其来的攻势并取得成功，这一预测发生了变化。这一事件既激励了乌克兰的西方支持者，也导致了莫斯科内部的相互指责。
①prognosis
英 [prɒɡˈnəʊsɪs] 美 [prɑːɡˈnoʊsɪs]
n.预测; 预言
②galvanize
英 [ˈɡælvənaɪz] 美 [ˈɡælvənaɪz]
vt.激励
③recrimination
英 [rɪˌkrɪmɪˈneɪʃn] 美 [rɪˌkrɪmɪˈneɪʃn]
n.指责;反诉
The Russian military must now ask itself what sort of force, and where exactly they are deployed, can regain the initiative after Ukraine captured more territory in one week than Russian forces had in five months.
俄罗斯军方现在必须扪心自问，在乌克兰一周内夺取的领土比俄罗斯*队军**五个月内占领的领土还多之后，要部署怎样的力量才能重新获得主动权。
deploy
英 [dɪˈplɔɪ] 美 [dɪˈplɔɪ]
vt.部署;调度(*队军**或*器武**)
There are important political dynamics involved too. The Kremlin faces tough choices: whether to declare a general mobilization to reinvigorate its increasingly ragged units in Ukraine and how to manage a budget deficit.
这其中也涉及重要的政治动态。克里姆林宫面临着艰难的抉择：是否全面动员以重振其在乌克兰精疲力尽的单位，以及如何管理赤字预算。
①reinvigorate
英 [ˌriːɪnˈvɪɡəreɪt] 美 [ˌriːɪnˈvɪɡəreɪt]
vt.给…增添精力(或力量);使再振作
②ragged
英 [ˈræɡɪd] 美 [ˈræɡɪd]
adj.精疲力竭的
Far beyond the theater of war, Russia must choose how far to weaponize its influence over Europe’s gas supply, as governments prepare to spend big to mitigate the effects of exceptionally tight supply.
在战争之外，俄罗斯必须选择如何将其对欧洲天然气供应的影响力变成最有力的*器武**，因为各国政府准备投入巨资来缓解异常紧张的供应带来的影响。
mitigate
英 [ˈmɪtɪɡeɪt] 美 [ˈmɪtɪɡeɪt]
vt.减轻;缓和
As winter approaches, they must choose which front to prioritize, and whether to double down on efforts to fulfill Putin’s stated objective: the seizure of Donetsk and Luhansk regions. The Russians currently hold about 20% of Ukrainian land, including Crimea and parts of the south.
随着冬季的临近，他们必须选择优先考虑哪条战线为主，以及是否加倍努力实现普京的既定目标：夺取顿涅茨克和卢甘斯克地区。俄罗斯人目前拥有乌克兰约20%的土地，包括克里米亚和南部部分地区。
seizure
英 [ˈsiːʒə(r)] 美 [ˈsiːʒər]
n.没收;夺取
Taking Donetsk is a taller order now for the Russians. Seven months of war have shown the shortcomings in Russian logistics, which will get no easier in wetter, colder weather.
对俄罗斯人来说，攻占顿涅茨克是一个更高的任务。七个月的战争暴露了俄罗斯物流的缺陷，在更潮湿、更寒冷的天气里，物流也不会变得更容易。
In a matter of days, Russia lost one of three axes of attack in Donetsk; no progress has been made on the other two since the end of June.
几天之内，俄罗斯在顿涅茨克失去了三个攻击轴心中的一个；自6月底以来在其他两个方面也没有取得任何进展。
At the same time, Russian defenses in Kherson are under growing pressure despite being reinforced, thanks to Ukraine’s success in cutting off resupply across the River Dnipro and in targeting command posts and ammunition depots.
与此同时，尽管俄罗斯在赫尔松的防御工事得到了加强，但仍面临着越来越大的压力。这是由于乌克兰成功地切断了第聂伯罗河的补给，并瞄准了指挥所和*药弹**库。
The Russian military does not have a wealth of fresh units to inject into the conflict. The recently stood-up 3rd Army Corps largely comprises volunteer battalions recruited across the Russian regions. Other battalion tactical groups have been reconstituted after suffering heavy losses.
俄罗斯军方没有足够的新部队投入冲突。最近成立的第三军团主要由在俄罗斯各地区招募的志愿营组成。在遭受重大损失后，其他营战术小组已经重组。
①comprise
英 [kəmˈpraɪz] 美 [kəmˈpraɪz]
vt.包含;包括
②battalion
英 [bəˈtæliən] 美 [bəˈtæliən]
n.(*队军**的)营
Obviously, Ukraine has also lost thousands of soldiers, including many from its best units in Donbas. And a NATO military official told CNN that while the sweep across Ukraine had been a major boost for morale, “I can’t imagine the same thing happening twice.”
显然，乌克兰也损失了数千名士兵，其中许多来自顿巴斯最好的部队。一名北约军事官员告诉CNN，虽然乌克兰的扫荡行动大大鼓舞了士气，“我无法想象同样的事情会发生两次。”
And Russia’s artillery and rocket forces still vastly outnumber those of Ukraine. But it’s been unable to leverage this superiority into gains on the ground. Some 40% of Donetsk remains under Ukrainian control.
俄罗斯的炮兵和火箭部队数量仍然远远超过乌克兰。但它无法将这种优势转化为胜势。顿涅茨克约40%的土地仍由乌克兰控制。
President Vladimir Putin acknowledged this on Friday – saying that the offensive operation in the Donbas “goes at a slow pace, but it keeps going. Gradually, gradually, the Russian army occupies new territories.”
弗拉基米尔·普京总统周五承认了这一点，他说，顿巴斯的进攻行动“进展缓慢，但仍在继续。俄罗斯*队军**逐渐占领了新的领土。”
翻译：老戴
编辑：老张
全网搜索：老戴讲英语
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