粉彩瓷是珐琅彩之外，清宫廷又一创烧的彩瓷。在烧好的胎釉上施含砷物的粉底，涂上颜料后用笔洗开，由于砷的乳蚀作用颜色产生粉化效果。粉彩瓷在众多的清宫廷粉彩瓷中，慈禧粉彩简单率直，浓笔艳抹，富贵豪华而别具一格。红鸟牡丹富贵罐是其风格的经典之作。此后，有君王之才的袁世凯于1915年底称帝，年号“洪宪”。喻其*法大**制，倡导国民新生活，公正透明等。按惯例，新皇帝即位要烧新瓷贡贺。袁世凯粉彩玉壶春瓶，采用瓷石作胎，模具成型，材质单一，稀薄透光。袁世凯瓷已完全失去了古陶瓷胎体的内部活力，完全依赖颜料和技法，犹如在尸体上化妆，没有了整体的生命的活性。
粉彩瓷装饰画法上的洗染，吸取了各姐妹艺术中的营养，采取了点染与套色的手法，使所要描绘的对象，无论人物，山水，花卉，鸟虫都显得质感强，明暗清晰，层次分明。采用的画法既有严整工细刻画微妙的工笔画，又有渗入淋漓挥洒，简洁洗练的写意画，还有夸张变形的装饰画风。甚至把版画，水彩画，油画以及水彩画等姐妹艺术都加以融汇运用，精微处，丝毫不爽；豪放处，生动活泼。粉彩的绘制，一般要经过打图，升图，做图，拍图，画线，彩料，填色，洗染等工序。其中从打图到拍图，是一个用墨线起稿，进行创作构思，如绘瓷决定装饰内容与形象构图的阶段。正式绘制时的定稿叫“升图”，把描过浓墨的图样从瓷器上拍印下来叫“做图”。接着把印有墨线的图纸转拍到要正式绘制的瓷胎上去即“拍图”，这样就可进行绘瓷。粉彩的描绘，着色技法是比较复杂细致的，一般如画，彩，填，洗，扒，吹，点等技法。其所用工具有画笔，填笔，洗笔，彩笔，笃笔，赤金笔，金水笔，玛瑙笔，扒笔等许多特制笔。
西瓜罐是指清乾隆至清末民国时期的一种罐式，南方地区称之为“西瓜罐”或“西瓜坛”，北方地区称之为“一颗珠罐”
器形为敛口，圆腹，形似西瓜，又如宝珠，故称。罐盖为平盖，盖钮早期形似宝珠，晚期则呈烛焰状
藏品介绍
中文名称：粉彩西瓜罐
英文名称：Powder enamel watermelon jar
类别：瓷器
规格：一件
品相：美品
可以清晰的看到福昌作
可以看到折枝粉彩的牡丹雍容华贵，粉彩层次过渡自然，浓淡处理得体，诗画一体美轮美奂。
圈足氧化发黄，这是由于瓷土中含铁氧化所致。是一件开门见老的瓷器。底足中间的小黑点，是出现了细微的棕眼现象，这也是老瓷器的特征，棕眼是由于瓷胎晾干时都是底朝下，受阳光照射小，干的不透彻，在高温烧制时瓷胎内的水分子蒸发而出，形成的一个个棕眼，一般棕眼极其细微，对品相影响不大，尤其是底部经常会出现棕眼现象，现在的电烧设备都是全方位的不会再出现棕眼现象。也是看新老瓷器的一个方法。
敛口：这种口缘适合存放私人物品，以前这种西瓜罐用来放置糖果等私藏小物品，也可以放钱包首饰的，非常的实用，西瓜罐都是有盖子的，这种盖子目前是比较好配的，可以到古玩市场寻得一个老盖子配好，这件瓷器的盖子由于时间漫长已经遗失了，但这对其价值影响不大。
牡丹（学名：Paeonia suffruticosa Andr.）：是双子叶植物纲、芍药科、芍药属植物，为多年生落叶灌木。茎高达2米；分枝短而粗。叶通常为二回三出复叶，表面绿色，无毛，背面淡绿色，有时具*粉白**，叶柄长5-11厘米，和叶轴均无毛。花单生枝顶，苞片5，长椭圆形；萼片5，绿色，宽卵形，花瓣5或为重瓣，玫瑰色、红紫色、粉红色至白色，通常变异很大，倒卵形，顶端呈不规则的波状；花药长圆形，长4毫米；花盘革质，杯状，紫红色；心皮5，密生柔毛。蓇葖长圆形，密生黄褐色硬毛。花期5月；果期6月。
花色泽艳丽，玉笑珠香，风流潇洒，富丽堂皇，素有“花中之王”的美誉。在栽培类型中，主要根据花的颜色，可分成上百个品种。”牡丹品种繁多，色泽亦多，以黄、绿、肉红、深红、银红为上品，尤其黄、绿为贵。牡丹花大而香，故又有“国色天香”之称。
唐代刘禹锡有诗曰：“庭前芍药妖无格，池上芙蕖净少情。唯有牡丹真国色，花开时节动京城。”正是东都洛阳的景象。
在清代末年，牡丹就曾被当作中国的国花。1985年5月牡丹被评为中国十大名花之二。是中国特有的木本名贵花卉，有数千年的自然生长和1500多年的人工栽培历史。在中国栽培甚广，并早已引种世界各地。牡丹花被拥戴为花中之王，有关文化和绘画作品很丰富。
2019年7月15日，中国花卉协会发出《投票：我心中的国花》，向公众征求对中国国花的意向。截至2019年7月22日24时，投票总数362264票，牡丹胜出，得票高达79.71%
瓷器题字精美，书写功底深厚，时字在自然光线出现了漫反射，是一种散射现象，出现了瓷器开门的特点，蛤蜊光。
蛤蜊光，含铅的釉上彩瓷、低温铅釉瓷，受外界物理、化学物质的侵蚀以及本身发生的变化，在瓷器表面产生的一种彩色膜状物。粉彩瓷器经过几十年以后彩面自然会氧化出一种彩色光，迎光侧视，隐约可见五光十色位于彩色上面的光芒。还有迎光侧视彩料的周围紧紧围绕着淡淡的五颜六色光圈。随着“瓷龄”增加，这种彩色膜状物也会慢慢地增加、增厚，达到一定厚度时，就会产生类似蛤蜊壳里面那种闪烁的“彩光”，故人们称它为“蛤蜊光”。
瓷器为我国国粹，最早英文：china的意思就是瓷器，称呼中国为瓷器之国，可见我国瓷器技艺之高超，影响之广，遍布全球，而我国古代有很多瓷器已经失传，古瓷器收藏成为与书画并行的艺术大派，撑起艺术的一片天，也是古人文化传承的最好载体，具有极高的历史研究价值，以及经济收藏价值，目前我国国宝级的藏品已经禁止交易，只能以一些大师级别的领军人物高仿限量发行，与古玩做到一比一来供百姓收藏，可见当下老瓷器极其稀少，已经造成了供不应求的局面，特别是老开门的瓷器，这件西瓜罐诗画并行，且无任何磕缺，穿线，品相完美是难得的馆藏级藏品。
英文翻译：. Pastel porcelain is enamel color, the qing court is another creation of color porcelain fired. Apply arsenic-containing foundation on the fired tire glaze, paint it and then wash it with a pen. The color of the glaze is powdery due to the emulsion effect of arsenic. Among the numerous qing court pastel porcelain, Cixi pastel is simple, straightforward, rich and luxurious with a unique style. The red bird peony rich pot is a classic of its style. After that, yuan Shikai, with the talent of a king, proclaimed himself emperor at the end of 1915, with the title "Hong Xian". It refers to its great legal system, advocating the new life of the people, justice and transparency. It is customary for the new emperor to burn new porcelain on his throne. Yuan Shikai pastel jade pot spring bottle, using porcelain stone as the embryo, molding, material is single, thin transparent. Yuan Shikai porcelain has completely lost the internal vitality of the ancient ceramic body, completely relying on paint and techniques, just like makeup on a corpse, without the overall vitality of life.
The washing and dyeing of pastel porcelain decorative painting absorbed the nutrition of sister arts and adopted the technique of stippling and color matching, so that the objects to be depicted, no matter the figures, landscapes, flowers, birds and insects, all appear to have strong texture, clear light and shade, and distinct layers. The painting method used is not only the fine meticulous brush painting, but also the simple freehand painting and the exaggerated decorative painting style. Even the print, watercolor, oil painting, watercolor and other sister arts are integrated and applied, the subtle, not the slightest bit. Uninhibited place, lively. The drawing of powdery colour, want to pass to make a chart commonly, rise chart, make a chart, beat a chart, draw a line, colour makings, fill color, wash dye wait for working procedure. From drawing to taking pictures, it is a stage in which ink lines are used to start drawing and create ideas. For example, painting porcelain determines decoration content and image composition. The final draft of the formal drawing is called "Drawing up", and the printing of a pattern with heavy ink from the porcelain is called "drawing up". Then the ink line printed drawings transferred to the formal drawing of the porcelain tire that "picture", so that can be painted porcelain. Powdery painting, coloring techniques are more complex and meticulous, generally picturesque, color, fill, wash, scrape, blow, point techniques. It has many special pens such as brush, fill pen, wash pen, color pen, Duji pen, pure gold pen, goldwater pen, agate pen, pickling pen and so on.
Watermelon jar refers to a kind of jar from Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty to the end of the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China. In the south, it is called "watermelon jar" or "watermelon altar", while in the north, it is called "a pearl jar".
The shape of the mouth for the mouth, round belly, shaped like watermelon, and such as pearls, so called. The lid is flat, the lid knob early shaped like beads, late candle-flame shape
The collection is introduced
Chinese name: powder enamel watermelon jar
Watermelon Month English name: Powder watermelon Jar
Category: Porcelain
Specification: one piece
Appearance: Beautiful
Fu Chang can be clearly seen
You can see the peony of broken branches pastel elegant, pastel layers transition natural, appropriate shade treatment, poetry and painting a beautiful round.
The ring foot is yellow due to the oxidation of iron in China clay. It is a piece of old China. Bottom in the middle of the small black dot, it is a subtle phenomenon of brown eyes, this is also the characteristics of the old porcelain, brown eyes, is because of the porcelain body dry are facing down, when the sun is small, do not thoroughly, when high temperature porcelain body, the evaporation of water molecules in the formation of brown eyes, general brown eye is extremely tiny, little impact on the quality, especially the bottom often appear brown eyes phenomenon, now coagulator equipment are comprehensive brown eye phenomenon will not happen again. It's also a way to see old and new China
Folding of the mouth, the mouth edge is suitable for storing personal belongings, before this watermelon tank used for candy and other possession of small items, also can put wallet jewelry, very practical, watermelon cans are the lid, the lid at present is a good match, can go to the antique market finds a match good old lid, the lid of the porcelain has lost because of the long time, but it had a little effects on its value.
Paeonia suffruticosa Andr. (Paeonia suffruticosa Andr.) : A perennial deciduous shrub of the class dicotyledon, the family Paeonia, and the genus Paeonia. Stems up to 2 m high; The branches are short and thick. Leaves usually two-fold and three-leaved, surface green, glabrous, abaxially pale green, sometimes white-pink, petiole 5-11 cm long, and leaf axis glabrous. Flowers solitary branchlets apex, bracts 5, long elliptic; Sepals 5, green, broadly ovate, petals 5 or double, rose-purple, pink to white, often highly variable, obovate, apically undulate; Anthers oblong, 4 mm long; Disk leathery, cup-shaped, purplish red; Carpels 5, densely pilose. Follicles ellipsoid densely yellow-brown bristles. Flowering may; Fruit season: June.
Flower color gorgeous, jade smile beads fragrance, tasteful, gorgeous, known as the "king of flowers" reputation. In cultivated types, there are hundreds of varieties, depending mainly on the color of the flower." There are many varieties of peonies and their colors are also numerous. The top products are yellow, green, fleshy red, crimson and silver red, especially yellow and green. Peony flower is big and sweet, reason has "national color tian Xiang" again say.
Liu Yuxi of the Tang Dynasty has a poem: "Before the court peony Bewitching no case, pool are pure little feeling. Only the peony is truly national color, and the capital is moved when the flowers bloom." It was the scene of Luoyang, the eastern capital.
In the late Qing Dynasty, peony was once regarded as China's national flower. In May 1985, peony was selected as two of the top ten famous flowers in China. Is China's unique woody rare flowers, thousands of years of natural growth and more than 1500 years of artificial cultivation history. It is widely cultivated in China and has been introduced to other parts of the world. Peony flower is acclaimed as the king of flowers, the related culture and painting works are very rich.
On July 15, 2019, the China Flower Association issued "Vote: National Flower in My Heart" to solicit public opinions on China's national flower. A total of 362,264 votes were cast by 24:00 on July 22, 2019, and Peony won with 79.71 percent of the votes
Porcelain inscriptions exquisite, deep writing skills, when the words in the natural light appeared diffuse reflection, is a scattering phenomenon, the characteristics of porcelain open door, clam light.
Clams light, lead colored glazed porcelain, low temperature lead glazed porcelain, the physical and chemical erosion of the outside world and the change of its own, produced a kind of color film on the surface of porcelain. After a few decades of pastel-colored porcelain surface will naturally oxidize a kind of color light, facing the light side, you can faintly see the light above the color. Also facing the light side visual color material around tightly around the light colored aperture. With the increase of porcelain age, this kind of color film will gradually increase and thicken. When it reaches a certain thickness, it will produce the flashing "color light" similar to that inside the clam shell. Therefore, people call it "clam light".
Porcelain is the quintessence of China. China is China, call Chinese China, is our country porcelain craft are high, wide influence, all over the world, and our country has been lost, there are a lot of ancient porcelain collection of old China become parallel with painting and calligraphy art big pie, hold up one day, also is the best carrier of the ancient cultural heritage, has a very high value, historical research and economic value for collection, at present, China's national treasure collection has banned the trading, only with some master other leading high copy limited release, and antique do one way for people to collect, visible now old porcelain is extremely scarce, has caused the demand situation, Especially for the porcelain of Old Door, this watermelon jar has parallel poems and paintings without any lacerations. It is a rare collection with perfect appearance.