had better、have to及need是常用的短语及词汇,也是考试中的考点,下面进行分析。
1.had better
had better 的意思是“最好还是;应该”,相当于情态动词,后面要跟原形动词,这也是考点。had better只有这一种形式,had better用在肯定句中,一般的形式是:主语+had better+动词原形+…。比如:
We had better take off our coats.咱们最好把外套脱掉。You had better drive slowly and carefully.你最好开慢点,小心点。You had better break with your bad habits.
你最好改掉你的坏习惯。You had better get a doctor to pull out your bad tooth.你最好去看医生把你的坏牙给拔了。

如果had better用在否定句中,其形式为:主语+had better + not+动词原形+……,也就是not放在原形动词前,better之后。比如:
I really think you had better not come and stop with me.我真的认为你最好不要来和我呆一起。We'd better not tell him.我们最好还是不告诉他。
需要掌握的是:在表示要求或命令的语气时,从should(应该)、had better(最好)到must(必须)是逐渐加强的。
2.have to
have to的意思是“必须,不得不,只好” 。have to与must一样,表示“必须”的意思。have/has+to后面要用动词原形。当主语是第三人称单数时,要用has to,如果是过去时,则用had to。我们可以把情态动词及助动词(will或shall)等放在have to前面。比如:
Some people have to share an office.有些人只好合用一间办公室。I’ve to attend a meeting tomorrow.明天我得去参加会议。They may have to go home late.他们可能不得不晚回家。
I'll have to leave after this hand.这一盘打完后我必须走了。I have to finish this essay today. We have to hand them in tomorrow.我今天得完成这篇论文,因为我们明天必须交。

当have to用在否定句中时,其形式为:主语+don’t/doesn’t have to+动词原形+……。比如:
I don’t have to leave work early today.我今天不能早下班。Children won’t have to do their homework on weekends.孩子们不必在周末做作业。
have to的疑问句和回答方式为:Do/Does+主语+have to+动词原形+……,即,Yes.主语+do/does;No.主语+don't/doesn't,比如:
Do you have to wear uniform ? Yes, I do.你非得穿制服不可吗?是的。
Do you have to study English now? No.I don’t.你现在必须学英语吗?不,不必学。
Will she have to pay a fine? No. She won’t.她非得交罚款吗?不,不必。
需要注意的是:must一般指主观上的必要,have to是客观上必要。must没有过去时态和将来时态,如果用于上述两种时态,就要用have to。比如:
I must get up at six.我必须六点起床。I have to phone him. 我只好给他打电话。
3.need
need表示“必须,“需要”,它有情态助动词的一些特征,一般用于否定句和疑问句中。比如:
We needn't know about it.我们不必知道这事。You needn’t have come to see me last week.你们上周本来无需来看我的。

考点:疑问句的回答方式,肯定回答用Yes,主语+must;否定回答为:No,主语+needn't。比如:
Need we come in the afternoon? No, you needn't.我们有必要下午来吗? 不必了。
Need I phone him now?Yes, you must.我有必要给他打电话吗? 是的,有必要。
考点:needn’t have+动词过去分词形式可以表示做了不必要做的事。比如:You needn’t have told him about it.你本不必把这件事告诉他。