光绪元宝是清朝光绪年间流通的货币之一，由两广总督张之洞率先引进英国铸币机器铸造银元和铜元。之后全国各省纷纷仿效，共有十九个省局铸造。除中央户部，地方省所铸铜元，皆在其正面上缘铸写省名。英国大工业的介入，使银币也沾染上西方色彩。
户部造币厂是目前我国历史最为悠久的造币厂，主要生产金银币和流通铜元等。在光绪二十二年，洋务运动影响甚远，列强经济入侵逐渐激烈，根据清政府盛京将军依克唐阿的奏请，批准设立并筹建户部机器局以铸造机制银币。并引进德国铸币机器于光绪二十三年户部机器局创立，光绪二十四年至二十六年（1898-1900年），曾先后附铸银币和机制铜钱。光绪二十六年（1900年）义和团运动爆发，户部机器局毁于战火，后来应市面之需，户部在机器局原址重建造币厂，名为“户部银元总局”，专产银币铜元。光绪二十九年七月（1903年），厂竣开工，铸发银币及铜元。
藏品介绍
中文名称：户部光绪元宝二十文
英文名称：20 articles of Guangxu Yuanbao
类别：杂项
规格：一枚
品相：美品
此枚“光绪元宝户部二十文”是清朝光绪年间流通的货币之一，户部光绪元宝在当时是全国通用的。正面珠圈内铸汉文“光绪元宝”四字，上环满文，下环书“当制钱二十文”，左右分列“户”“部”与梅花星点；背面为蟠龙图，外缘为“HU POO”及“20CASH”英文字样，蟠龙栩栩如生，极为威严。该铜币铸造工艺精湛，字迹深刻镌秀，龙纹雕刻精美，浮雕感强烈，镜面平整光滑，纹饰的相关线显得非常清晰，字口、纹路和边齿深峻，完全是国外铸造的样币风格，钱币表面黑漆古包浆浑厚老道，沁色自然，充满岁月之痕迹与浓浓的历史沉淀感，极具观赏性，也极具收藏价值。
黑漆古：古铜长期存放在大气中锈蚀机理分析紫铜、青铜、黄铜在大气中都很稳定，一般小于0.00015毫米/年，在铜表面会生成一层极稳定的保护薄膜，主要是碱式硫酸铜呈橄榄绿色，还会产生氧化铜（CuO）中黑色，硫化亚铜黑色，及氧化亚锡（SnO)棕黑色。年代越久则锈层加厚颜色也变深，俗称为“黑漆古”，若长期在手中把玩则会使表面光亮如镜俗称“传世古”。但在这类古铜中也产生电化学腐蚀，故是“哑声‘。若古铜长期在干燥的环境中（大气中或土中）也会产生氧化铜和氧化亚金星呈深黑色，俗称“黑漆古”
背面龙纹：中国龙被视为神物予以崇拜。“龙图是中国人的图腾,中国历代的君皇及皇族子孙被称为龙子，龙孙。龙的形象在皇室用品上被专有使用。据史书记载早在汉武帝时期的“白金三品",就铸有“龙〃的图形;其后的宋元明代,已有少部分流通币上铸有龙纹。特别是在历代花钱上,龙的图形则更多。清代未期光绪、宣统年间,官铸的金、银、铜元,其背面更是大多铸有龙图。据不完全统计,清代银币上的“龙"币图案约有近千种版别。这些龙更是千变万化，这枚钱币为坐龙，周边吉祥云，给人腾云驾雾，君临天下之感，古代只有皇室能自称为真龙天子，龙也象征着君王。
光绪元宝是中国近代机制币中的十大名誉品之一，版面设计优雅，工艺精湛，雕刻精良，浮雕感强烈，纹饰线条清晰，而且存世量极为稀少，是钱币收藏世界知名度极大的一种，被誉为钱币精品，光绪元宝收藏具有无法估量的学术与历史价值。光绪元宝铜币被称为是“收藏品的生命”，尤其是户部的深受广大的钱币爱好者的热烈追捧，这枚钱币黑漆古包浆自然，底光柔和，所谓包浆是自然形成的氧化层，也有人为手盘包浆，两者不同，但同时都有保护钱币的功能，有如给钱币镀上一层保护膜，是钱币不再氧化，便于收藏传世，如果觉得钱币脏，可以用清水洗，再用棉布擦干，不要破坏包浆，破坏了包浆就相当于破坏了保护层，更重要的是包浆是鉴定新老钱币最简单有效的方法。细看这枚钱币品相完美，没有磕缺，损毁，变形等是不可多的收藏级铜币，建议收藏，传世。
孙中山头像中华民国开国纪念币（俗称“小孙头”或者“孙小头”）来历，至1911年底辛亥革命之后，1912年1月3日，中华民国政府成立，由于币制尚未建立，除四川改铸大汉银币，福建改铸中华元宝外，主要的造币厂，大都仍沿用前清钢模铸造银币，以供流通需要。图案采用大总统孙中山肖像，以后的通用银币再改花纹式样。孙中山令财政部行文，同意鼓铸纪念币，并命令其余的通用银币新花纹，“中间应绘五谷模型，取丰岁足民之义，垂劝农务本之规”，训令财政部速制新模，分令各省造币厂照式鼓铸。不久，财政部就颁下新模给江南(南京)、湖北、广东等造币厂依式铸造，这就是“中华民国孙中山像开国纪念币”的由来。
中华民国开国纪念币是近代中国钱币中的精品，有着历史熏陶，是价值很高的革命*物文**，具有深远的历史纪念意义；同时，还是考古和研究中国历史文化难得的实物。 珍贵的中华民国“开国纪念币”记录了辛亥革命惊天动地的伟大历史，由于历经百年风雨，“开国纪念币”存世量极为稀少，尤其是品相好的更为稀缺，因此很受收藏爱好者青睐。
藏品介绍
中文名称：孙中山开国纪念币
英文名称：The founding COINS of sun yat-sen
类别：杂项
规格：二枚
品相：美品
背面中央为中文隶书体“壹圆”及嘉禾，边缘英文“中华民国”、“壹圆”，左右分列五角星(后改为六角星)。
嘉禾”，美禾，茁壮之禾，硕大之禾，祥瑞之禾也。东汉许慎《说文》云：“禾，嘉谷也。以二月而种，八月始熟，得时之中，故谓之禾。”王充《论衡·讲瑞篇》云：“嘉禾生于禾中，与禾中异穗，谓之嘉禾。”古人多以“嘉禾”为祥瑞之物，与甘露醴泉并称。如班固《汉书·公孙弘传》云：“甘露降，风雨时，嘉禾兴。”也就是生长得特别茁壮的禾稻，古人视嘉禾图案为吉祥的象征。
在中国钱币上就有嘉禾图案，现在国徽上就有，最典型的嘉禾纹样就是“袁大头”上的背后的嘉禾图案。
孙中山头像中华民国开国纪念币银元，正面中央为孙中山侧面肖像，边缘内上镌中文隶书体“中华民国”4字、下镌“开国纪念币”5字、左右长枝花饰。背面中央为中文隶书体“壹圆”及嘉禾，边缘英文“中华民国”、“壹圆”，左右分列五角星(后改为六角星)。直线边齿，成色89%，俗称“小头”。该币作为中华民国国币发行。中华民国孙像开国纪念币银元，由于铸造厂家不一，铸造年代不同，雕刻师英语水平不高，除正背面主要图案未变外，其花饰细节、英文字母均有变异，特别是英文字母差错较多。这就形成了该币的多种版别。传世较广的主要有两种：一种是五角星版式，一种是六角星版式。
国民政府又在广州成立，民国15年迁武汉，民国16年(公元1927年)定都南京。为纪念国父孙中山丰功伟绩，中央所铸货币均用国父像，南京、天津诸造币厂于民国16年、17年重新铸造中华民国孙像开国纪念币。银元正面及背面基本上与前品相同，而左右上方分列六角星。由于该币正背面图案比较正规，中英文没有差错，又设置六角星，故称其为六角星版。袁世凯窃取大总统后，该币即停铸，因时间短暂，流用不多，尤显珍贵。
据考究寓意注解： 隶书“民”→流行将「民」字最后一划拉长，其解释为*翻推**满清，象征民主胜利(人民出头)，也宣示乃大众的政府。 梅花→左右五瓣梅花各一支，五权宪法意者也。后即以此为国花（五权指：立法权、司法权、行政权、弹劾权和考试权）。 豆、麦穗→民国元年三月二日，孙中山颁布临时大总统令，对新造货币式样作了规定《拟另刊新模，鼓铸纪念币，…其余通用新币，中间应绘五谷模型，取丰岁足民之义，垂劝农务本之规》五谷指：稻、黍（即黄米）、稷（即谷子）、麦、菽（即豆）。 三叶→背，中间壹圆二字，而辅以嘉禾各一支，每支一穗三叶，三民主义意也（三民主义主要包括民族主义、民权主义和民生主义）。
这枚银币是罕见的六星版，孙中山被称为国父，开国纪念币是2000多年封建王朝转变为民主社会的第一见证货币，我们称它为六星孙小头，也叫它为国父币，更是‘藏头’中的一绝，藏住了民国的开端，见证了封建王朝的覆灭，由以前的龙纹，自诩为真龙天子的家族政权，演变为以民为主社会，这枚开国纪念币历史研究价值非常，收藏价值极高，是收藏界里宠儿。
英文翻译：Guangxu yuan bao was one of the COINS in circulation during the Reign of Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty. After that, all provinces in China followed suit, with 19 provincial bureaus casting. Except for the central ministry of households, the copper COINS of the local provinces are all inscribed on the upper edge of the front. The intervention of great British industry made the silver COINS take on the western color.
The ministry of the mint is China's longest history of the mint, the main production of gold and silver COINS and copper circulation. In the 22nd year of The Reign of Emperor Guangxu, the westernization Movement had a great influence, and the economic invasion of foreign powers was gradually intensified. According to the letter sent by General Ikthang A of Shengjing of the Qing Government, the establishment and establishment of the Machinery Bureau of the Ministry of Household was approved to coin silver COINS. And the introduction of German coinage machine in the 23rd Guangxu ministry of the establishment of machinery bureau, Guangxu 24th to 26 years (1898-1900), has been attached to coin silver and mechanism copper COINS. In the 26th year of Guangxu Emperor (1900), the Boxer Movement broke out, and the Bureau of Household Machinery was destroyed in the war. Later, in response to the needs of the market, the Bureau of Household Machinery rebuilt the mint in the original place of the Bureau of Household Machinery. The mint was named as "The Bureau of Household Silver", specializing in silver and copper COINS. In July (1903), the factory was completed and silver and copper COINS were cast.
The collection is introduced
Chinese name: Ministry of households Guangxu yuan Bao twenty
20 articles of Guangxu Yuanbao
Category: Miscellaneous
Specification: one coin
Appearance: Beautiful
This "Guangxu unit of 20 articles" is one of the currency circulation during the Reign of Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty, at that time, the Guangxu unit of the national currency. In the front bead ring, the Chinese character "Guangxu yuan Bao" is cast, the upper ring is written in Manchu, the lower ring is written in twenty words "when making money", and the left and right sides are divided into "household", "department" and plum blossom star points; On the back is the picture of the coil dragon, with the words "HU POO" and "20CASH" on the outer edge. The coil dragon is lifelike and extremely dignified. The copper casting process superb, handwriting engrave deeply show, dragon carving fine, FuDiaoGan intense, mirror surface level off is smooth, decorative lines is very clear, word mouth, tooth deep lines and edges, entirely foreign casting specimen style, black paint on the surface of the ancient coin wrapped slurry vigorous diplomatic, seeps the color nature, filled with the traces of time and strong sense of history to precipitate, highly ornamental, extremely collection value.
Black lacquer: bronze long-term in atmospheric corrosion mechanism analysis of copper, bronze, brass in the atmosphere is very stable, generally less than 0.00015 mm/year, in the copper surface generates a very stable layer of protective film, mainly alkaline type copper sulfate in olive green, also can produce copper oxide (CuO) in black, cuprous sulphur black, and stannous oxide (SnO), dark brown. The longer the age of the rust layer thickened color also become deeper, commonly known as "black lacquer ancient", if long-term play in the hands will make the surface as bright as a mirror commonly known as "handed down the ancient". But electrochemical corrosion also occurs in this type of copper, so it is "mute". If the copper in a dry environment for a long time (in the atmosphere or soil) will also produce copper oxide and Venus oxide dark black, commonly known as "black lacquer ancient"
Dragon pattern on the back: The Chinese dragon is worshipped as a god. "The Dragon Chart is a totem of the Chinese people. The emperors and their descendants in the past dynasties were called the sons of the Dragon and the Sons of the Dragon Family. The image of the dragon was used exclusively on royal household items. According to historical records, as early as in the Period of Emperor Wudi of the Han Dynasty, "Platinum three products ", there is" dragon "cast graphics; Later in the Song, Yuan and Ming Dynasties, a small number of circulating COINS were cast with dragon patterns. Especially in the past on the money, dragon figures are more. During the reign of Emperor Guangxu and Emperor Xuantong in the qing Dynasty, most of the gold, silver and copper COINS cast by the emperor guan had dragon figures on the back. According to incomplete statistics, there are about a thousand patterns of dragon COINS on the qing dynasty silver COINS. These dragons come in all shapes and forms. This coin is named "Sitting Dragon", with auspicious clouds around it, giving people the feeling that they are sovereign of the world. In ancient times, only the royal family could call themselves the real dragon, the son of Heaven, and the dragon is also a symbol of the king.
Guangxu wing is one of the ten honorary product in currency of the mechanism of China's modern, layout design is elegant, exquisite workmanship, fine carving, FuDiaoGan intense, grain line is clear, and only a very few and far between, is a kind of coin collecting world fame greatly, has been hailed as a coin, guangxu wing collection has immeasurable academic and historical value. Guangxu wing coppers referred to as "the collection of life", especially favored by the majority of lovers warm welcome, the coin of this coin black lacquer patina nature, downy light, the so-called wrapped slurry is a natural formation of the oxide layer, also some people to hand wrapped slurry, the two different, but at the same time have to protect the function of money, like to coin a layer of protective film on the plating, is money no longer oxidation, facilitate collection handed down from ancient times, if feel money is dirty, can wash, reoccupy cloth wipe, do not destroy the wrapped slurry, destroyed the wrapped slurry is equivalent to destroy the protective layer, more important is the wrapped slurry is the most simple and effective method for identification of new and old COINS. Scrutinize this coin to taste photograph is perfect, without knock break, damage, be out of shape to wait to be not much collect class copper coin, the proposal is collected, handed down in the world.
Sun yat-sen, head of the republic of China the founding COINS (commonly known as "note" or "little sun") origin, after the end of 1911 the revolution, on January 3, 1912, the government of the republic of China was founded, because of the monetary system has not yet been established, in addition to remold the big fellow of sichuan silver COINS, outside fujian remold the wing, the main mint, mostly still continue to use the clearance die casting silver COINS, need for circulation. The design is based on the portrait of President Sun Yat-sen, and the pattern of the silver coin was changed later. Sun ordered the Ministry of Finance to write a letter approving the drumming of commemorative COINS and ordering the rest of the general coin to have new patterns. "The grain model should be painted in the middle to give full meaning to the people and to persuade farmers to follow the rules of agriculture." He instructed the Ministry of Finance to make new models as soon as possible and to instruct the mints of all provinces to make drums according to the pattern. Soon, the Ministry of Finance issued a new model to the South of the Yangtze River (Nanjing), Hubei, Guangdong and other mints according to the type of casting, this is the "Republic of China Sun Yat-sen as the founding commemorative coin" origin.
The founding commemorative coin of the Republic of China is one of the best COINS in modern China. It has historical edification, is a revolutionary cultural relic of high value and has profound historical significance. At the same time, it is also a rare object of archaeology and research on Chinese history and culture. The precious "founding commemorative coin" of the Republic of China records the earth-shattering history of the 1911 Revolution. Due to the hundred years of wind and rain, the "founding commemorative coin" is very rare, especially in good condition, so it is very popular among collectors.
The collection is introduced
Chinese name: Sun Yat-sen founding commemorative coin
The founding COINS of sun Yat-sen
Category: Miscellaneous
Specification: 2 pieces
Appearance: Beautiful
On the back is "one yuan" in Chinese official script and Jiahe in the middle. On the edge are "Republic of China" and "one yuan" in English. On the left and right are five pointed stars (later changed to six pointed stars).
Golden Grain, beautiful grain, strong and strong grain, huge grain, auspicious grain also. The Eastern Han Dynasty Xu Shen "said the text" cloud: "He, Jia Gu also. With February and kind, in August beginning ripe, in time, so that he. Wang Chong, "On balance · Talk rui" cloud: "He was born in the grain, and the different ears of the grain, known as the harvest. Ancient people most regarded "Jiahe" as such blessed and lichen springs are called as such. For example, Ban Gu's Book of Han, Gongsun Hong Biography said: "When the dew falls, the harvest rises." It is also the growth of special strong rice, the ancients regarded the pattern of golden harvest as a symbol of good luck.
There are golden Harvest patterns on Chinese COINS, and now there are golden Harvest patterns on the national emblem. The most typical pattern of golden Harvest patterns is the pattern on the back of "Yuan's head".
Sun Yat-sen's head is the silver coin for the founding of the Republic of China, the front center is sun Yat-sen's profile portrait, the edge engraved With Chinese official script "Republic of China" 4 characters, engraved with the bottom engraved with "founding of the Republic of China" 5 characters, around the long branches of flowers. On the back is "one yuan" in Chinese official script and Jiahe in the middle. On the edge are "Republic of China" and "one yuan" in English. On the left and right are five pointed stars (later changed to six pointed stars). Linear edge tooth, 89% color, commonly known as "small head". The currency is issued as the national currency of the Republic of China. The founding of the Republic of China sun As a commemorative coin silver, due to the foundry different, different casting age, engraver English level is not high, in addition to the front and back of the main pattern has not changed, the flower details, The English letter has a variation, especially the English letter error more. This forms a variety of editions of the coin. There are two kinds of widely handed down: one is the five-pointed star format, the other is the six-pointed star format.
The National government was founded in Guangzhou, moved to Wuhan in 15 years, in 16 years (AD 1927) became the capital of Nanjing. To commemorate the great achievements of Sun Yat-sen, the founding of the Republic of China was recast in nanjing and Tianjin mints in 16/17. The front and back of the silver is basically the same as the front, and the left and right upper part of the hexagonal star. Since the front and back of the coin have normal patterns, there is no mistake in both Chinese and English, and there is a hexagonal star, so it is called hexagonal star version. After Yuan Shikai stole the great President, the coin was stopped casting, because of the short time, the flow is not much, especially precious.
According to moral fastidious comments: official script "people" and popular will "people" in the last one to pull long, its explanation to overthrow the manchu, symbol of victory of democracy (s), and declare it is a popular government. Plum blossom → about five plum petals each one, the constitution of the five rights also. After that, it is regarded as the national flower (the five powers refer to legislative, judicial, executive, impeachment and examination powers). Beans, wheat and first year of the republic of China on March 2, Dr. Sun yat-sen interim executive order, issued by the new currency style made regulations "to another issue of the new mould, casting COINS, drum... the rest of the general new, intermediate should draw the grain model, from the meaning of feng, sufficient, vertical to the complex rules of grain: rice, millet (i.e. yellow rice), millet (millet) and wheat, glycine (pea). Three leaves → back, middle one yuan two words, supplemented by jiahe each one, each ear of three leaves, three people's principles meaning also (three People's principles mainly include nationalism, civil rights and people's livelihood).
A six star version of this coin is a rare, sun yat-sen was known as the father of the nation, the founding COINS is 2000 years of feudal dynasty into a democratic society the first witness currency, we call it six star sun small head, also call it father for money, but also "orz" in a special skill, hide the beginning of the republic of China, witnessed the demise of the feudal dynasty, by the dragon grain, family power, claiming to be a real dragons turned into society gives priority to with the people, this founding COINS very historical research value, high value for collection, is a darling in the collectors.