Little drops of water make the mighty ocean— Sidelights on China-ASEAN cultural exchanges

文 《一带一路报道》记者 彭纳

“天下快意之事莫若友，快友之事莫若谈。”在蒲松龄笔下，与友相交、把酒言欢是极乐之事，而国之交亦见此道。

“There is nothing as pleasant as making friends, and nothing is more pleasant with friends than communication.” In the opinion of Pu Songling, chatting with friends over a drink is sheer bliss. The same holds true for state-to-state relations.

7月30日，据中国商务部召开的网上例行新闻发布会数据显示，今年上半年，中国对“一带一路”沿线国家进出口4.2万亿元，其中，中国对东盟进出口2.09万亿元，东盟超越欧盟，上升为中国第一大贸易伙伴。与经贸合作的“乘风破浪”之势不同，中国与东盟的文化交流则是涓涓细流汇聚成海。

On July 30, data released at a regular online press conference held by the Ministry of Commerce of the People’s Republic of China showed that in the first half of 2020, China’s imports from and exports to countries along the “Belt and Road” totaled 4.2 trillion yuan, among which 2.09 trillion yuan belonged to ASEAN, making it the biggest trade partner of China now. Different from the rapid development of economic and trade cooperation, the cultural exchanges between China and ASEAN are trickling together into a sea.

早在2000多年前的中国汉代，两地人民就克服大海的阻隔，打开了往来的大门。15世纪初，中国明代航海家郑和七次远洋航海，留下友好交往的历史佳话。中国古典名著《红楼梦》对来自爪哇的奇珍异宝有着形象描述，东盟国家的博物馆则陈列了大量中国古代瓷器，这是双方文明交融的生动例证。细数之下，中国与东南亚的文化交流已有数千年历史，源远流长的友谊也成为现今中国与东盟缔结人文交往的坚实纽带。

As early as the Han Dynasty of China more than 2,000 years ago, the two places opened to each other and their people sailed across the ocean for exchanges. At the beginning of the 15th century, Zheng He, a Chinese voyager in Ming Dynasty (1368–1644) made seven far-reaching ocean voyages, creating many historical stories of friendly exchanges. The Chinese classic A Dream of Red Mansions has a vivid description of rare and precious treasures from Java, and museums in ASEAN countries display a lot of ancient Chinese porcelain. Both are vivid examples of the civilization integration of the two sides. Cultural exchanges between China and Southeast Asia have been going on for thousands of years, and the long-standing friendship has also become a solid bond between China and ASEAN for people-to-people and cultural exchanges.

在“一带一路”倡议的推动下，中国与地处海上丝绸之路十字路口的东盟关系全面提升。随着经济、贸易、能源、金融、服务等领域合作的深入推进，文化交流也激荡起层层涟漪，令人目不暇接、心醉神迷。

Thanks to the Belt and Road Initiative, China’s relations with ASEAN, located at the crossroad of the Maritime Silk Road, have been upgraded in an all-round way. With deepening cooperation in the fields of economy, trade, energy, finance and services, numerous cultural exchanges begin to stir up ecstasies.

东盟留学生与广西青年大联欢，庆祝“壮族三月三”（图 视觉中国）

盛夏果实

Gains of midsummer

场景一：影视热

Scenario I: Film and television exchanges

“在泰国，很多人喜欢中国电视剧《包青天》，没想到在中国也有很多人喜欢泰剧。”泰国大学生南纳帕·戴蓬曾到中国参加过短期的学习交流，让她印象深刻的是在中国能看到很多泰国电视剧。中国电影《人在囧途之泰囧》不仅在中国缔造了票房神话，还掀起了赴泰旅游热。

“Chinese TV series Justice Pao is very popular in Thailand, but it didn’t occur to me that many Chinese people like Thai TV series,” said Namnapa Dypon, a university student from Thailand. She has been to China for a short-term learning exchange. What impressed her was that so many Thai TV series were available in China. Besides, the Chinese film Lost in Thailand not only created a box office legend in China, but also set off a tourism boom in Thailand.

与此同时，随着《甄嬛传》《我是歌手》等影视作品、综艺节目在越南电视台的*放播**，也在越南掀起了阵阵“中国旋风”，“当我打开电视的时候，总会看到中国的作品在播出。”这样的感受在东南亚很多的中国粉丝中引起了共鸣。

Meanwhile, Chinese culture was a big hit in Vietnam when the TV series Empresses in the Palace, the variety show Singer (previously known as I Am a Singer) and other TV programs were broadcast in that country. “I often see Chinese programs on TV in my country.” Such feelings have struck a chord with many fans of China in Southeast Asia.

中国影视作品走出国门（网络图片）

场景二：魅力城

Scenario II: Cities of Charm

2017年9月12日，中国-东盟博览会开幕大会上的歌舞展示，正上演着主题国文莱的传统文化表演，文莱厚重的文化底蕴通过演员快速传达给台下的观众。优美的旋律、明快的节奏、曼妙的舞姿，热带国家民族风情酣畅淋漓的演绎，吸引现场观众纷纷拿出“长枪短炮”记录下这样一个时刻。

The traditional singing and dancing performances at the opening ceremony of China-ASEAN Expo on September 12, 2017 reflected the profound cultural heritage of Brunei, Country of Honor, which is passed to the audience by the actors. Beautiful melodies, vibrant rhythms and wonderful dancing showed the national customs of tropical countries incisively and vividly, so that the audience couldn’t help taking pictures to record such a moment.

另外一边，坐拥柬埔寨三大世界文化遗产之一柏威夏寺的柏威夏省，老挝大象数量最多的地区沙耶武里省，有越南“钢都”之称、茶叶的主要产地之一的太原省……11国参展的“魅力之城”展区，则让观众体验了一次东南亚“一日行”。

The audience enjoyed a “one-day trip” in Southeast Asia in the “Cities of Charm” themed exhibition area with 11 countries participating. There were exhibits from the Preah Vihear Temple, one of Cambodia’s three UNESCO World Heritage Sites, in the Province of Preah Vihear, Sainyabuli Province, with the largest elephant population in Laos, and Thai Nguyen, “capital of steel” and one of the main producing areas of tea in Vietnam.

从民间交流到政府交往，随着中国与东盟合作纵深的不断深入，两地的文化交流逐渐在领域上打开了更多的边界，除文化外，教育、旅游、公共卫生、科技、环保、智库、体育等相关活动，无论在类型还是在频次上都呈现出井喷式的增长。

With the deepening of cooperation between China and ASEAN, the areas of exchanges between both the people and governments of the two places have gradually expanded. In addition to culture, the two sides have also carried out exchanges in education, tourism, public health, science and technology, environmental protection, think tanks and sports, and both the types and frequency of exchanges showed a spurt of growth.

2014年中国-东盟文化交流年、2016年中国-东盟教育交流年、2017年中国-东盟旅游合作年、2018年中国-东盟创新年……主题繁多的各类大型交流活动，将中国-东盟往来的质量提到更高的层次，在时间与空间上都为两地交流打开了更大的通道。

There are large-scale activities with various themes, including China-ASEAN Cultural Exchange Year 2014, 2016 China-ASEAN Year of Educational Exchanges, 2017 China-ASEAN Year of Tourism Cooperation and 2018 China-ASEAN Innovation Year. These activities have raised the quality of China-ASEAN exchanges to a higher level and the exchanges have been broadened both in time and space.

南宁国际会展中心是中国-东盟博览会永久会址（网络图片）

数据显示，截至2017年底，中国与东盟互派留学生22万余名，其中东盟在华留学人数超过9.5万。双方正携手打造“双十万学生流动计划升级版”，以实现2025年学生流动总规模达到30万人次的目标。另外据统计，2019年双方人员往来突破6000万人次，平均每周约4500个航班往返于中国和东盟国家之间，双边往来再创新高。中国在东盟国家设立了6个文化中心，建立了40所孔子学院。

Statistics showed that by the end of 2017, China and ASEAN had exchanged more than 220,000 students, of who over 95,000 were from ASEAN countries studying in China. At present, the two sides are working hard toward the goal of the upgraded “Double 100,000 Student Mobility Programme” in a bid to make the total scale of student mobility reach 300,000 by 2025. According to statistics, in 2019, the number of people-to-people exchanges between China and ASEAN countries exceeded 60 million, with an average of 4,500 flights a week between the two places, setting a new high for bilateral exchanges. So far, China has set up six cultural centers and 40 Confucius Institutes in ASEAN countries.

不断增长的数字是中国与东盟文化交流最为直观的成果，每一组数据都是一次次交流在双方人民心中播下的友谊之种结出的果实。为了深耕双方合作的沃土，无论中方抑或是东盟，都在尝试以更新的方式、搭建更大的平台。

The growing number is the most tangible result of cultural exchanges between the two sides. Each set of data has borne fruit by virtue of the friendship fostered among the people of both sides through countless exchanges. In order to deepen bilateral cooperation, both China and ASEAN are striving for updated approaches and larger platforms.

“云”游中国

Visiting China Online

当下，“云”旅游俨然成为一种最时髦旅行新方式，在“云”旅游席卷中国的同时，其在邻国越南也悄然走红。

“Cloud” tourism, a new way of traveling, has become the current fad in China and its neighbor Vietnam.

“心灵手巧的广西人，能把简单的丝线、竹篾甚至是泥土都变成精美的艺术品。”打开越南河内中国文化中心的新媒体平台，“云·游中国”的活动界面随之而来，随手点开一段视频，广西的风土人文、艺术风格、自然风貌便一一呈现在观者面前。

“Guangxi people are ingenious in turning simple silk threads, bamboo strips and even clay into exquisite artworks.” At the new media platform of the China Cultural Center in Hanoi, Vietnam, the activity interface of “Visiting China Online” could be found easily. The culture, artistic styles and natural landscapes of Guangxi Province will all be presented in videos to the viewers.

文化中心整理编辑了中国目前已有的55项世界文化和自然遗产材料，精选制作成中越文版的《中国世界文化和自然遗产》展览，放在了“云·游中国”活动最显眼的位置进行展示。通过“云”方式，中英文展览《美丽中国》《古韵龟兹 丝路库车——中国*疆新**库车魅力摄影展》等让越南观众通过手机等方式便能“走进”中国，而《美丽中国 魅力北京》《壮美广西》等中英文视频，则通过镜头语言，让越南“游客”身未动，心先行。

The cultural center has compiled the materials of 55 world cultural and natural heritage sites in China. Some materials have been selected for the exhibition World Cultural and Natural Heritage in China, which is in both Chinese and Vietnamese, and the exhibition was put in the most prominent place of the activity interface of “Visiting China Online”. Exhibitions in both Chinese and English like Beautiful China and Archaic Charm of Qiuci · Kuqa on Silk Road — Xinjiang Kuqa Glamorous Photo Exhibition allow Vietnamese audience to visit China through mobile phones and other channels. In addition, through videos in Chinese and English like Beautiful China · Charming Beijing and Magnificent Guangxi, Vietnamese tourists could enjoy the beautiful scenery of China online.

广西德天瀑布（网络图片）

目前，在网络社交平台上，河内中国文化中心发布的“云”游广西、“云·游中国”图片视频积聚了不少人气，这些视频的*放播**和转发次数不断增加，越南网友们更是频频点赞，纷纷表示，“云”游广西让大家足不出户，也能欣赏广西的奇山秀水，感受底蕴深厚的历史人文。更有不少越南网友认为，疫情防控期间难以去实地旅游，通过“云”游的方式，进一步加深了对中国人文风光的了解，拉近了与中国的距离，希望不久的将来能到中国旅行。

By now, pictures and videos under the themes of “Visiting Guangxi Online” and “Visiting China Online” released by the China Cultural Center in Hanoi have gained a lot of popularity on social networking platforms. These works are viewed, re-shared and liked by more and more Vietnamese netizens. Thanks to “Visiting Guangxi Online” related videos, without going outdoors, they could appreciate the wonderful mountains and beautiful waters as well as the profound history and culture of Guangxi. Though they were unable to visit China due to COVID-19, quite a few Vietnamese netizens thought that the “cloud” tourism also further deepened their understanding of China’s cultural landscapes and narrowed their distance with China. They hoped an opportunity to travel to China in the near future.

通过网络，越南打开了“中国游”的另一种方式。而中国南京在此之前也将眼光放在了越南，以“带入”的方式将“创意南京”带进了越南。

Internet has offered the Vietnamese another channel to “travel” in China. Moreover, China’s Nanjing brought its cultural and creative works to Vietnam before.

“我高中时就看过电视剧《红楼梦》，没想到名著中的人物能在文创产品上活灵活现。”越南“红楼迷”袁氏良对一套红楼梦青花胭脂红骨瓷餐具爱不释手，作品用兰叶白描的手法，以墨色线条勾描形象，让观众通过中国艺术创作的传统技法品味不一样的“红楼”文化。

“I watched the TV series A Dream of Red Mansions when I was in high school, but I never expected that characters in the classic could be made lifelike on cultural and creative products.” As a fan of A Dream of Red Mansions, Vietnamese viewer Yuan Shiliang loves the tableware made of blue-and-white carmine bone china so much that he could hardly put it down. This product was painted with inky lines with the technique lanyemiao (strokes in the shapes of an orchid leaf), making viewers experience different culture about A Dream of Red Mansions through these Chinese art works created by traditional techniques.

2018年6月16日至22日，“中国南京文创展暨中越传统文化与创意产业研讨会”在越南国家图书馆举行。研讨会上展出的50套“南京设计”的代表产品，通过“红楼梦文化衍生”“非遗创新设计”“大蓝鲸主题文创”“科举文化IP衍生”“科技+文创日用品”等多个主题，让越南观众近距离感受了一次六朝古都南京的魅力。

“The 2018 Nanjing cultural and creative exhibition and China-Vietnam traditional cultural and creative industry seminar” was held from June 16 to 22 at the National Library of Vietnam (NLV). A total of 50 sets of representative products “designed in Nanjing” were exhibited at the seminar. They were displayed under such themes as “Cultural Derivative Products of A Dream of Red Mansions”, “Innovative Creations of Intangible Cultural Heritage”, “Blue Whale Themed Cultural and Creative Products”, “Cultural IP Derivative Products of Imperial Examinations” and “Technological + Cultural and Creative Daily Necessities”. Taking a close look at them allowed Vietnamese viewers to feel the charm of Nanjing, the ancient capital of six Chinese dynasties.

黄梅戏《女驸马》舞台剧照（网络图片）

“中状元着红袍、帽插宫花……看到这尊喜庆的状元郎作品，我想起了黄梅戏《女驸马》。”越南观众陈妙玲对状元郎系列产品喜爱有加。“中国的文创作品用现代表现手法诠释传统文化，赋予中国传统文化新的生命力。”

“This work of a zhuangyuan (the number one scholar) in red, with a palace flower in his hat, reminded me of a Huangmei Opera work called the Emperor’s Female Son-in-Law,” said Vietnamese viewer Chen Miaoling, who loves zhuangyuan series of products very much. Chen added, “Chinese cultural and creative works give new vitality to traditional Chinese culture through interpreting it with modern techniques.”

这只是中国与东盟各国交往的一个缩影，推陈出新的模式，给予双方更多接触彼此文明的渠道。

It is just a microcosm of the interaction between China and ASEAN countries. The new model that keeps putting forth new ideas has offered both sides more channels to get in touch with each other’s civilization.

依平台 造声势

Extend influence relying on platforms

提起中国-东盟，绕不开中国-东盟博览会（以下简称“东博会”）。从2004年第一届东博会举办至今，16年来，在这个平台产生了众多事关中国与东盟的各项协议，诞生了诸多双方合作机制、领域的历史性突破。

It is impossible to mention China and ASEAN without mentioning China-ASEAN Expo (CAEXPO). In the past 16 years since the first CAEXPO was held in 2004, a large number of agreements relevant to China and ASEAN have been signed through this platform, and many historic breakthroughs have been made in bilateral cooperation mechanisms and fields.

自2005年起，东博会推出“魅力之城”专题，中国及东盟各国每年会选择具有本国代表性的城市作为“魅力之城”进行展示；从2007年起，每届东博会确定一个东盟国家担任主题国。两种机制除了展示各国经济、政治领域的发展外，文化展示的占比不断加重。

From 2005, when the theme “Cities of Charm” was launched by CAEXPO, China and ASEAN countries choose one of their own representative cities as the “City of Charm” for exhibition every year. Since 2007, an ASEAN country would be invited to be Country of Honor for each CAEXPO. Besides economic and political aspects, the cultural elements of these countries are also displayed and their proportion is increasing.

“东博会搭建起来的‘魅力之城’平台，无形中推动了中国与东盟文化、旅游等多领域的不断融合，城市和人民交往更加密切。”中国-东盟博览会秘书处秘书长王雷说道。

“The platform ‘Cities of Charm’ set up by CAEXPO has virtually promoted the continuous integration of culture, tourism and other fields of China and ASEAN, realizing closer city-to-city and people-to-people exchanges between the two sides,” said Wang Lei, Secretary-General of the CAEXPO Secretariat.

文化领域的交流在中国与东盟的交往中越来越浓墨重彩（网络图片）

从每年东博会的系列论坛、展览不难看出，文化领域的交流越来越浓墨重彩，仅从2017年东博会便可见一斑：第12届中国-东盟文化论坛、第5届中国-东盟（南宁）戏剧周、中国-东盟（南宁）戏曲演唱会、2017中国-东盟职业教育联展暨论坛、巴马论坛——2017中国-东盟传统医药健康旅游国际论坛……

From the series of forums and exhibitions of the annual CAEXPO, it is not difficult to find that cultural exchanges are becoming more and more colorful. The year 2017 alone witnessed many activities as follows: the 12th China-ASEAN Cultural Forum, the 5th China-ASEAN (Nanning) Drama Week, China-ASEAN (Nanning) opera concerts, China-ASEAN Vocational Education Exhibition and Forum 2017, and Bama Forum — International Forum on 2017 China-ASEAN Traditional Medicine and Health Tourism.

中国与东盟合作之势不断上扬，更深层次的动能归功于中国-东盟战略伙伴关系的建立。在17年的“碰撞”中，“东盟愿景2025”与“一带一路”倡议对接，推动了区域经济合作；开篇经贸合作的数据力证了双方的经济共振；以《中国-东盟文化合作谅解备忘录》的签署为标志，人文交流从2005年开始成为中国和东盟的重点合作领域。随着“中国-东盟命运共同体”构想的提出，特别是在2016年中国-东盟建立对话关系25周年纪念峰会之后，中国-东盟政治对话、经贸关系之外的新支柱——拓展和加深双方的人文交流得到前所未有的重视。

Cooperation between China and ASEAN is on the rise, the deeper momentum of which is attributed to the establishment of China-ASEAN strategic partnership. In the past 17 years of exchanges, the ASEAN Community Vision 2025 has been aligned with the Belt and Road Initiative and promoted regional economic cooperation. The data of economic and trade cooperation at the beginning of this article prove the economic resonance of both sides. With the signing of the ASEAN-China Memorandum of Understanding on Cultural Cooperation, people-to-people and cultural exchanges became a key area of cooperation between China and ASEAN from 2005. With the proposal of China-ASEAN community of shared destiny, especially after the Commemorative Summit Marking the 25th Anniversary of China-ASEAN Dialogue Relations staged in 2016, the expansion and deepening of people-to-people and cultural exchanges, a new pillar besides China-ASEAN political dialogue and economic and trade relations, has received unprecedented attention.

2018年，在中国-东盟战略伙伴关系建立15周年之际，《中国－东盟战略伙伴关系2030年愿景》发布，从中国-东盟总体关系、政治安全合作、经济合作、社会文化合作四大方面，用三十九条具体措施为中国-东盟未来的交流、合作提供了新方向，中国-东盟双向交流将结出更多硕果！

In 2018, on the occasion of the 15th anniversary of China-ASEAN Strategic Partnership, the China-ASEAN Strategic Partnership Vision 2030 was released. It provided a new direction for future exchanges and cooperation between China and ASEAN with 39 specific measures in four aspects, namely, overall relations, political security cooperation, economic cooperation and social & cultural cooperation. Therefore, the two-way exchanges are expected to bear more fruits!

第十二届中国国际园林博览会中的中国-东盟友谊馆（图 视觉中国）

中国－东盟战略伙伴关系2030年愿景

China-ASEAN Strategic Partnership Vision 2030

社会文化合作篇

Social and cultural cooperation

一、通过中国－东盟教育交流周等平台，加强教育创新和学术交流；

I. China and ASEAN will strengthen educational innovation and academic exchanges through platforms such as China-ASEAN Education Exchange Week.

二、鼓励双方人文交流与合作，共创美好未来，继续在语言、文化、艺术和遗产等领域促进青年交流，提升相互理解，深化友谊，通过相关教育机构在各层级、不同领域为青年学者举办培训；

II. The two sides encourage people-to-people and cultural exchanges and cooperation for a better future. They will continue to promote youth exchanges in the fields of language, culture, art and heritage, enhance mutual understanding as well as deepening friendship. Besides, they are going to conduct training at relevant educational institutions for young scholars at all levels and in different fields.

三、加强环保、水资源管理、可持续发展、气候变化合作，包括落实《中国－东盟环境保护战略（2016—2020）》，支持《东盟社会文化共同体蓝图2025》相关战略措施等；

III. They are slated to strengthen cooperation in environmental protection, water resources management, sustainable development and climate change. To be specific, they plan to take corresponding measures, including implementing the ASEAN-China Strategy on Environmental Cooperation (2016-2020) and supporting strategic measures related to the ASEAN Socio-Cultural Community Blueprint 2025.

四、重申加强中国－东盟文化关系意识的重要性，鼓励开展文化交流，继续提升双方文化遗产保护意识；

IV. The two sides are going to reiterate the importance of strengthening the awareness of China-ASEAN cultural relations, encourage cultural exchanges, and continue to raise the awareness of cultural heritage protection of both sides.

五、加强建设性对话与合作，促进积极老龄化，更好地应对老龄化社会挑战；

V. They will strengthen constructive dialogue and cooperation, promote active aging, and better meet the challenges of an aging society.

六、促进政府间政策沟通，欢迎中国在适当领域为东盟国家提供援助，以实现联合国2030年可持续发展议程目标，包括依据各自可持续发展目标消除各种形式贫困。

VI. The two sides are going to promote intergovernmental policy communication, and ASEAN welcomes China’s assistance to its member countries in appropriate areas to achieve the goals of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development launched by the United Nations. The contents of the agenda include the eradication of all forms of poverty in accordance with the respective sustainable development goals of each country.

来源：《一带一路报道》2020年第5期

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