Unit 8 Is there a post office near here?
必背短语或意群：
1. post office 邮局
2. police station警察局
3. pay phone 付费电话
4. on Bridge Street 在桥街
5. be across from在……对面
6. be next to 在……隔壁
7. between…and…在……和……之间
8. on Green Street 在格林街上
9. in front of 在……前面
10. be far from 远离
11. walk with sb. 和某人一起散步
重点句型：
1. Is there a … near here? 名词单数
-Excuse me. Is there a hotel in/near the neighborhood？
-Yes, there is. / No, there isn’t.
2. Are there any… near here? 名词复数
-Are there any restaurants near here?
-Yes, there’s one in front of the post office.
3. Where’s…? 单数
—Where is the park，please？
-It's behind the bank。(肯定回答）
-I'm sorry I don’t know。（否定回答)
4. Where are…? 复数
-Where are the pay phones?
-They are between the post office and the library.
类似问路的句型
How can I get to +地点?句型.如：How can I get to the restaurant?
Can you tell me the way to +地点？/Could you please tell me…？句型。
如：Can you tell me the way to the post office?
5. 表示方位的介词短语：
The A is across from the B.
The A is next to the C.
The A is between D and E.
The A is on…(Street).
The A is in front of the F.
The A is behind the G.
语法： there be句型
1. 定义 ：there be句型表示某处存在某物或某人。 2. 结构：
肯定句：There is (+a/an)+名词单数+… There are (some)+名词复数+…
否定句：There isn’t (+a/an)+名词单数+… There aren’t (any)+名词复数+…
一般疑问句：Is there (+a/an)+名词单数+…? Are there any +名词复数+…?
there是引导词，在句中不充当任何成分，翻译时也不必译出来。句子的主语是某人或某物，谓语动词be要与主语（某人或某物）的数保持一致。当主语是两个或两个以上的名词时，谓语动词要与跟它最近的那个名词一致。eg. ① There is a bird in the tree. 树上有一只鸟。 ② There is a teacher and many students in our classroom.
我们教室里有一位老师和许多学生。 ③ There are two boys and a girl under the tree. 树下有两个男孩，一个女孩。
A. There be句型与have的区别
首先，从含义上说，There be表达的是“某地有某物”。
如，There is a tree in front of the house。房子前有一棵树。
而have讲的是“某人/某物拥有……”即指出的是宾语的所有者。
如：I have an interesting book。我有一本有趣的书。
The chair has three legs。这把椅子有三条腿。
其次，从直观上对比不难发现，一般There be句型直接置于句首，而have前面要有主语。这是因为There be句型是一个倒装句型，主语在be动词后面。
B. There be句型的就近原则
There be句型的就近原则也是主谓一致语法项目的重点考点。There be句型中be动词的单复数形式由后面挨近的一项的单复数决定。
如：There is a pen, two books and many pencils on the desk。
在本句中尽管有钢笔、书和铅笔，但是由于离be动词最近的一项是单数a pen，因此，be动词用单数is。
Section B
必背短语和意群：
1. go along/down 沿着……走
2. go straight 直走
3. turn right/left 向右/左转
4. on your right/left 在你的右/左边
5. in my/the neighborhood 在我家附近
6. walk out 走到外面
7. walk along沿着……走
8. the clean air and sunshine干净的空气和阳光
9. the best thing最好的东西
10. be free免费的
11. get to the park到达公园
12. cross Center Street穿过中央街
13. live in a noisy neighborhood 住在一个吵闹的街区
14. enjoy doing…喜欢做……
重点句子解析：
1. I like to spend time there on weekends.
like to do…喜欢做…… like doing…（习惯性）
spend time on sth.在某事上花时间
spend time (in) doing sth. 在做某事上花时间
I spend two hours on my homework.
She spends much time watching TV series.
2. I love to watch the monkeys climbing around.
love to do喜欢做…… love doing… 和like用法相似
watch sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事
watch sb. do sth.看见某人做某事的全过程
see sb. do sth.
see sb. doing sth.
3. To get to the park, you just have to cross Center Street.
to get to the park动词不定式表示目的，放在句首起强调作用，也可以放在句末。置于句首时，需要用逗号将其与句子主体隔开。
To get good grades, I must study hard. 为了取得好成绩，我必须努力学习。