文章导读
随着美国疫情愈演愈烈，美国人的焦虑也日益上升。
第一段：作者指出伴随着人们焦虑情绪的上升，各类宣称对预防新冠肺炎有奇效的狗皮膏药也层出不穷；
第二段及第三段：切入本篇主题，即如何用靠谱的方法提高免疫力，从而预防各类感染。
文章精读
How to Boost Your Immunity
Some simple, practical steps can raise your resistance to viruses
一些简单实用的方法可以提高你的抗病毒能力
By Claudia Wallis on July 17, 2020
1. boost v.提高，增强
●此处boost相当于improve, strengthen, promote, enhance，build up
●boost还可作名词，同样表示“提高，增强”
Passing the driving test is a great boost to her confidence.通过了驾照考试极大地增强了她的自信。
2. practical adj.实用的，切实可行的
She has lots of interesting ideas, but they're not very practical.她有很多有意思的想法，但都不太实用。
●反义词impractical“不切实际的”
3. resistance n.抵抗力
resistance to water耐水性；resistance to fire防火性
●resistance还可表示“阻力”
The requirement to wear a mask has met with resistance in this country.要求戴口罩的规定在该国受到了*制抵**。
●resistant为形容词，表示“有抵抗力的”，常见搭配为be resistant to
This watch is resistant to water.=This watch is water resistant.这块手表防水。
The body may be less resistant if it is cold.天冷时，身体的抵抗力会下降。
●resist为动词，表示“抵抗，反对”
I can hardly resist the temptation of ice cream in hot summer days.大夏天我难以抵抗冰淇淋的诱惑。
Most people will not resist the idea of imposing higher taxes on the rich.大多数不会反对对富人征收更高税收的想法。
Fear and fraud（欺诈）often travel together. As coronavirus anxiety began to spread across the land, so did bogus（假的）nostrums（江湖药） promising protection from this modern-day plague（瘟疫）. As early as March 6, U.S. regulators began to issue warnings to companies promoting false claims, such as this one touting（吹嘘）the benefits of drinking a daily dose of silver particles: “It's actually widely acknowledged in both science and the medical industry that ionic silver（银离子）kills coronaviruses.” Um, no.
4. travel together 与...同行
此处表示“恐惧与诈骗往往同时发生”
5. promise v. 承诺，保证
●“bogus nostrums promising protection from...”中的promising与后文的“companies promoting false claims...”中的promoting用法一致，同为现在分词做后置定语，相当于一个定语从句，前者相当于bogus nostrums which promise protection from...,表示“承诺能够预防...的狗皮膏药”，后者相当于companies which promote false claims...，表示“宣传虚假药效的公司”
6. claim n.声明
●claim作名词还可表示“索赔”
Claims for unemployment benefits have surged as cononavirus forces many layoffs由于新冠病毒导致很多人失去工作，领取失业救济的人数激增。
●claim作动词表示“声称，索取，夺走”
These weight-losing pills are claimed to be very effective.据说这些*肥药减**很有效。
One can claim on car insurance if there 's an accident.如果发生交通事故，可以向保险公司索赔。
The car accident has claimed two lives.这次交通事故导致2人丧生。
7. issue warnings 发布警告
8. particle n.微粒，颗粒
9. acknowledge v.承认
●It’s actually widely acknowledged that...人们普遍认为，相当于It’s actually widely believed that...
如《傲慢与偏见》开篇第一句话It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife.
身家丰厚的单身男人必以娶妻为己任，此乃放诸四海而皆准的真理。
段落翻译：*子骗**往往会利用人们的恐惧心理。随着越来越多的美国人因害怕感染新冠病毒而焦虑，声称能预防新冠肺炎的狗皮膏药也开始横行。早在3月6日，美国监管机构就对那些宣传虚假药效的公司发出警告。比如下面这个鼓吹每天吃一剂银粒子有多好的宣传：“科学及医疗界普遍认为银离子能够杀灭新冠病毒。”哎，其实银离子并没有杀灭新冠病毒的效果。
For people who hope to build up their resistance to coronavirus and infections of all kinds, there are no magic formulas—but there are some science-based steps one can take to maintain a healthy immune system.
10. build up（使）逐步增长
build up resistance增加抵抗力；build up confidence增加自信；build up savings增加存款；
The pressure on the physical stores is building up quickly.实体商店的压力正迅速增加。
●build up还可表示“建立”
You should build your arguments on facts.你的论点应建立在事实的基础上。
11. infection n.感染
●infectious为形容词，表示“有传染性的，有感染力的”，an infectious disease传染性疾病；an infectious smile富有感染力的微笑
●infect为动词，表示“使...感染”
The coronavirus has infected many people.=Many people have been infected with the conronavirus.很多人感染了新冠病毒。
12. magic formula 灵丹妙药
●formula可表示“配方，公式，规则”
magic formula表示“神奇的配方”，也即“灵丹妙药”
This formula is used to calculate the area of a circle.这个公式用于计算圆的面积。
There is no sure formula for success.成功并无一定之规。
13. maintain v.保持
maintain a healthy immune system保持健康的免疫系统；maintain one’s attention保持注意力
●maintain 还可表示“坚持认为，维护”
He maintains that there are no short cuts to English learning.他断言,学习英语没有捷径可走。
You should maintain your car regularly.你应该定期保养你的车。
段落翻译：对于那些想提高抵抗力，从而预防新冠病毒或其它任何感染的人来说，没有什么灵丹妙药，但有一些科学的办法可以帮助人们保持健康的免疫系统。
For starters, don't smoke. Cigarette smokers are much more vulnerable to respiratory（呼吸系统的）infections. Second, make sure you are covering all your nutritional bases with a wide variety of vegetables, fruits and other elements of a healthy diet. “Eating an optimal diet reduces the risk of getting an infection and reduces the severity of infections,” says Wafaie Fawzi, professor of nutrition, epidemiology（流行病学）and global health at Harvard University's T.H. Chan School of Public Health. Third, practice good sleep hygiene so you can raise your chances of adequate nightly rest. And fourth, get regular exercise, which will also help you sleep.
14. for starters 首先
15. vulnerable adj.易患病的
The elders are especially vulnerable to this disease.老年人尤其容易患这种疾病。
●vulnerable还可表示“脆弱的，易受...伤害的”
The refugees, without a doubt, are the most vulnerable.难民无疑是最易受到伤害的。
16. cover v.覆盖
cover all your nutritional bases字面意思为“覆盖所有营养来源”，即表示“提供充足的营养”
●cover作动词还可表示“读完（某段文字），走完（一段路程）”
It’s impossible to cover this 5000-word report in such a short time.如此短的时间读完这份5000词的报告是不可能的。
He covers a distance of 1 kilometer every day to the metro station.他每天步行一公里到地铁站。
●cover作动词还可表示“采访，报道”
During the Olympic Games, journalists from all over the world came to cover the events.奥运会期间，来自世界各地的记者都来报道各项赛事。
●cover作名词，可表示“盖子，封面”
I can't make the cover of the tin fit on.我无法把这罐头的盖子盖上。
She read this book from cover to cover.她从头到尾读完了这本书。
17. nutritional adj.营养的
nutrition表示“营养”这个抽象概念；nutritious表示食物有“营养的”，比如nutritious food“有营养的食物”；nutritional表示事物的性质,即与营养相关的，比如the nutritional value of this drink这种饮料的营养价值；nutrient为“营养物质”
18. optimal adj.最佳的
an optimal diet相当于前文的a healthy diet
19. severity n.严重性
Forest fires are increasing in frequency and severity in recent years during to climate change. 气候变化使得近年来森林火灾愈加频繁且严重。
●severity还可表示“严格，严肃”
This teacher always speaks with severity.这位老师说话总是很严厉。
The criminal was punished with severity.罪犯受到严惩。
●形容词severe，表示“严重的，严厉的，严峻的”，如severe mental disorder严重的精神病；severe criticism严厉的批评；a severe test严峻的考验
20. adequate adj.足够的
段落翻译：首先，不要抽烟。抽烟的人更容易出现呼吸系统感染。其次，确保饮食健康，要摄入各类蔬菜、水果及其他食物以保证充足的营养。哈佛大学陈曾熙公共卫生学院营养学、流行病学和全球健康教授Wafaie Fawzi表示：“健康的饮食方式可以降低感染的风险及感染的严重程度”。此外，养成良好的睡眠卫生习惯，这样有利于你保证充足的睡眠。另外，定期锻炼，除提高免疫力，健康锻炼也有助于睡眠。