本实验通过PNET Lab 4.2.9为基础环境，使用路由器镜像vios-adventerprisek9-m.SPA.159-3.M3演示。
网络结构
网络环境搭建
前面已经写过网络环境搭建的相关操作步骤，在此不再赘述。
show interface 查看路由器的接口状态
R1#show interface 或 show interface g0/0
GigabitEthernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up // 接口是启用的，协议也是启用的
Hardware is iGbE, address is 5085.1d00.0200 (bia 5085.1d00.0200) // 接口为万兆以太网，MAC地址是5085.1d00.0200
Internet address is 192.168.1.1/24 // IP地址为192.168.1.1，子网掩码为255.255.255.0
MTU 1500 bytes, BW 1000000 Kbit/sec, DLY 10 usec, // 接口的最大传输单位为1500字节，带宽为1Gbps，延时为10微妙
R1#show int g0/0
GigabitEthernet0/0 is administratively down, line protocol is down // 接口是关闭的，协议也是关闭的
Hardware is iGbE, address is 5095.2100.0100 (bia 5095.2100.0100) // 接口为万兆以太网，MAC地址是5095.2100.0100
MTU 1500 bytes, BW 1000000 Kbit/sec, DLY 10 usec // 接口的最大传输单位为1500字节，带宽为1Gbps，延时为10微妙
show ip interface 查看接口与IP相关的信息
R1#show ip interface或 show interface g0/0
GigabitEthernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up
Internet address is 192.168.1.1/24
Broadcast address is 255.255.255.255
Address determined by setup command
MTU is 1500 bytes
Helper address is not set // 没有启用DHCP的辅助寻址
Directed broadcast forwarding is disabled
Outgoing access list is not set // 接口外出方向没有使用访问控制列表
Inbound access list is not set // 接口进入方向没有使用访问控制列表
Proxy ARP is enabled // 代理ARP启用
Local Proxy ARP is disabled
Security level is default
Split horizon is enabled // 水平分隔启用
R1#show ip interface g0/0
GigabitEthernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up
Internet address is 192.168.1.1/24
Broadcast address is 255.255.255.255
Address determined by setup command
MTU is 1500 bytes
Helper address is not set // 没有启用DHCP的辅助寻址
Directed broadcast forwarding is disabled
Outgoing access list is not set // 接口外出方向没有使用访问控制列表
Inbound access list is not set // 接口进入方向没有使用访问控制列表
Proxy ARP is enabled// 代理ARP启用
Local Proxy ARP is disabled
Security level is default
Split horizon is enabled// 水平分隔启用
show ip interface brief 查看接口状态
R1#show ip interface brief
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
GigabitEthernet0/0 192.168.1.1 YES manual up up
GigabitEthernet0/1 12.1.1.1 YES manual up up
GigabitEthernet0/2 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
GigabitEthernet0/3 unassigned YES unset administratively down down