因为最近需要学习PMP中英文知识体系，为了和大家一起进步，所以我将我的学习笔记心得体会一并记录下来，和大家共享，如果大家都感兴趣，后续会持续更新，争取中英文一起学习进步！
从第三章开始记录和更新，因为本人在外企工作，所以PMP英文版是必须学习的，为了熟练掌握英文和理解它的意思，我把英文翻译成中文，并标注主要的意思。
3 THE ROLE OF THE PROJECT MANAGER 项目经理的角色
3.10VERVIEW概述
The project manager plays a critical role in the leadership of a project team in order to achieve the project ' s objectives .
项目经理在领导项目团队 达成项目目标方面发挥至关重要的作用。
This role is clearly visible throughout the project . Many project managers become involved in a project from its initiation through closing .
在整个项目期间，这个角色的作用非常明显。很多项目经理从项目 启动时参与项目，直到项目结束。
However , in some organizations , a project manager may be involved in evaluation and analysis activities prior to project initiation .
不过，在某些组织内，项目经理可能会在项目启动 之前就参与评估和分析活动。
These activities may include consulting with executive and business unit leaders on ideas for advancing strategic objectives , improving organizational performance , or meeting customer needs .
这些活动可能包括 咨询管理层和业务部门领导考的想法，以推进战略目标的实现、提高组织绩效，或满足客户需求。
In some organizational settings , the project manager may also be called upon（被要求） to manage or assist in business analysis , business case development , and aspects of portfolio（组合） management for a project .
某些组织可能还要求项目经理管理或协助项目的商业分析、商业论证的制定以及项目组合管理事宜。
A project manager may also be involved in activities related to realizing business benefits from the project .
项目经理还可能参与后续跟进活动，以 实现项目的商业效益。
The role of a project manager may vary from organization to organization . Ultimately , the project management role is tailored to fit the organization in the same way that the project management processes are tailored to fit the project.
不同 组织对项目经理的角色有 不同的定义，但本质上它们的裁剪方式都一样，项目管理角色需要符合组织需求，如同项目管理过程需要符合项目需求一般。
A simple analogy may help in understanding the roles of a project manager for a large project by comparing them to the roles of a conductor for a large orchestra（管弦乐队） :
下面将大型项目的项目经理与大型管弦乐队的指挥 作比较，以帮助理解项目经理角色：
Membership and roles .
成员与角色
A large project and an orchestra（管弦乐队） each comprise（包含） many members , each playing（扮演） a different role .
大型项目和管弦乐队都 包含了很多成员，每个成员都扮演着不同的角色。
A large orchestra may have more than 100 musicians（演奏者） who are led by a conductor（指挥） .
一个大型管弦乐队可能包括由一位指挥带领的上百位演奏者。
These musicians may play 25 different kinds of instruments placed into major sections , such as strings , woodwinds , brass , and percussion .
这些演奏者需要演奏25种不同的乐器，组成了多个主要乐器组，例如弦乐器、木管乐器、铜管乐器和打击乐器。
Similarly , a large project may have more than 100 project members led by a project manager .
类似的，一个大型项目可能包括由一位项目经理领导的上百位项目成员。
Team members may fulfill many different roles , such as design , manufacturing , and facilities （设备）management .
这些团队成员需要 承担各种不同的角色，例如设计、制造和设施管理。
Like the major sections of the orchestra , they represent multiple business units or groups within an organization . The musicians and the project members make up each leader ' s team .
与乐队的主要乐器组一样，项目团队成员也组成了多个业务部门或小组。演奏者和项目成员都会形成对应的团队。
Responsibility for team 在团队中的职责
The project manager and conductor are both responsible for what their teams produce - the project outcome or the orchestra concert , respectively .
项目经理和指挥都需要为团队的成果负责，分别是项目成果和交响音乐会。
The two leaders need to take a holistic view of their team ' s products in order to plan , coordinate , and complete them .
这两个领导者都需要从 整体的角度来看待团队产品，以便进行规划、协调和完成。
The two leaders begin by reviewing the vision , mission , and objectives of their respective organizations to ensure alignment with their products .
首先，应审查各自组织的愿景、使命和目标， 确保与产品保持一致。
The two leaders establish their interpretation of the vision , mission , and objectives involved in successfully completing their products .
然后解释与成功完成产品相关的愿景、使命和目标。
The leaders use their interpretation to communicate and motivate their teams toward the successful completion f their objectives ：
最后向团队沟通自己的想法，激励团队成功完成目标。
