合同的索赔条款
CLAIM CLAUSE
进出口合同中的索赔条款有两种规定方式，一种是异议和索赔条款(Discrepancy and Claim Clause);另一种则是罚金(Penalty)条款。异议和索赔条款的主要内容，除了明确规定买卖双方在履约过程中，如一方违反合同时，另一方有权提出索赔外，还应订明索赔的依据、索赔的期限、赔偿损失的办法和金额等。异议索赔条款主要适用于交货品质数量等方面的违约行为，这类赔偿的金额不是预先决定，而是根据货损、货差的实际情况确定的。
Upon the arrival of the goods at place of delivery, the Buyer shall immediately inspect the goods and shall give written notice of any claim to the Seller within_____ days after their arrival. Claims for losses or damages will not be considered unless supported by railroad agents acknowledgement on freight bill. The failure to give such notice shall constitute irrevocable acceptance of the goods by the Buyer, and he shall be bound to pay the price of the goods in accordance with the terms of the Agreement.
货物运抵交货地点后，买方应立即检验货物并在货到后_____日内向卖方提出书面索赔通知。除非有铁路运输代理人对货运单的认可证明，否则，卖方将不考虑货物短失或损坏索赔。如未提出这样的通知，则表示买方无争议地接受了货物并应据本合同条款支付货款。
In case discrepancy on the quality of the goods is found by the buyers after the arrival of the goods at the port of destination, claim maybe lodged against the Seller within 30 days after the arrival of the goods at the port of destination being supported by Inspection Certificate issued by a reputable public surveyor. The seller then shall consider the claim in light of actual circumstances. For the loss or losses due to the natural causes within the responsibilities of the Ship owners or the Underwriters, the Seller shall not consider any claim for compensation.
货物抵达目的港后，买方发现质量不符合要求的，可在30日持享有信誉的公共检查员开具的检验证明向卖方提出索赔。卖方应根据实际情况考虑索赔要求。在船主或保险商责任范围内由自然原因造成的丢失和损耗，卖方将不考虑任何损失赔偿。
Within_____ days after arrival of the goods at destination, should the quality, specification, or the quantity be found not in conformity with the stipulations of the Contract except those claims for which the insurance company or the owners of the vessels are liable, the Buyer shall, on the strength of Inspection Certificate issued by_____, have the right to claim for replacement with new goods, or for compensation, and all the expenses (such as inspection charges, freight for returning the goods and for sending the replacement, insurance premium, storage and loading and unloading charges, etc.) shall be borne by the Seller.
货物抵达目的港后_____日内，除应由保险公司和船主负责的索赔外，如果发现货物的质量、规格和数量与本合同规定不符，买方凭_____出具的检验证书，有权要去更换新货，或要求补偿。所有的费用（如检验费、退回不合格货物和运送替换货物的运费、保险费、仓储费和装卸费，等等）应由卖方负担。
索赔条款的主要内容包括： 索赔权的规定 、 索赔时间 、 索赔依据 和赔付方法。
买方对于装运货物的任何异议必须与装运货物的船只到达目的港后30天内提出，并须提供经卖方同意的公正机关出具的检验报告，如果货物已经加工，买方即丧失索赔权利。属于保险公司或轮船公司责任范围的索赔，卖方不予受理。
Any discrepancy on the shipped goods should be put forward within 30 days after the arrival of the vessel carrying the goods at the port of destination and the Buyer should present the Survey Report issued by the Surveyor agreed by the Seller. If the goods have been processed the Buyer will loss the right to claim. The Seller shall not settle the claim within the responsibility of the Insurance Company or Ship Company.
例2：品质异议须于货物到达目的港30天内提出，数量异议须于货物到达目的港15天提出，但均须提供相关检验机构的证明，如属卖方责任，卖方应予以收到异议20天内答复，并提出处理意见。
Any discrepancy about quality should be presented within 30 days after the arrival of the goods at the port of destination; any discrepancy about quantity should be presented within 15 days after the arrival of the goods at the port of destination, both of which cases should be on the strength of the certificates issued by the related surveyor. If the Seller is liable he should send the reply together with the proposal for settlement within 20 days after receiving the said discrepancy
买方凭其委托的检验机构出具的检验证明书向卖方提出索赔（包括换货），由此引起的全部费用应由卖方负担。若卖方收到上述索赔后______天未予答复，则认为卖方已接受买方索赔。
The buyer shall make a claim against the Seller (including replacement of the goods) by the further inspection certificate and all the expenses incurred therefrom shall be borne by the Seller. The claims mentioned above shall be regarded as being accepted if the Seller fail to reply within ______days after the Seller received the Buyer's claim.
索赔：由于货物内在的质量、差的做工、选材不当而造成操作中的货物损坏，买方应立即书面通知卖方，并同时随附中国商检局出具的检验报告作为索赔依据。卖方在接到买方的索赔后，有责任立即解决相应的质量问题、全部或部分地替换货物或根据货物损坏的程度进行折价; 如果卖方在收到买方的上述索赔后一个月内未能作出答复，则视为索赔已为卖方所接受。
Damages occur in the course of operation by reason of inferior quality, bad workmanship or the use of inferior materials, the Buyers shall immediately notify the Sellers in writing and put forward a claim supported by Inspection Certificate issued by the State Administration for Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine of P.R.C. The Certificate so issued shall be accepted as the base of a claim. The Sellers, in accordance with the Buyers' claim shall be responsible for the immediate elimination of the defect(s), complete or partial replacement of the commodity or shall devaluate the commodity according to the state of defect(s), . If the Sellers fail to answer the Buyers within one month after receipt of the aforesaid claim, the claim shall be reckoned as having been accepted by the Sellers.
货到目的口岸60天内经中国商品检验局复验，如发现品质或数量或重量与本合同规定不符时，除属于保险公司或船方负责者外，买方凭中国商品检验局出具的检验证明书向卖方提出退货或索赔。因退贷或索赔引起的一切费用（包括检验费）及损失均由卖方负担，在此情况下，凡货物适于抽样者，如卖方要求，买方可将样品寄交卖方。
For general Cargo： In case the quality， quantity or Weight of the goods be found not in conformity with those stipulated in this Contract after re-inspection by the China Commodity Inspection Bureau within 60 days after arrival of the goods at the port of destination ， the Buyers shall return the goods to or lodge claims against the sellers for compensation of losses upon the strength of Inspection Certificate issued by the said Bureau， with the exception of those claims for which the insurers or owners of the carrying vessel are liable. All expenses (including inspection fees ) and losses arising from the return of the goods or claims should be borne by the Sellers， In such case， the Buyers may， if so requested， send a sample of the goods in question to the Sellers，provided that sampling is feasible.
如果在合同条款第18条规定的保证期内，根据检验检疫局的检验结果，发现货物的质量或规格与合同要求不符，或货物被证实有缺陷，包括潜在的缺陷或使用不合适的材料，买方应及时向卖方提出索赔。
If, during the warranty period specified in TCC Clause 18 and as a result of inspection by the Administration or otherwise, it is found that quality or specifications of the Goods are not in conformity with the Contract or if the Goods or if the Goods are proven to be defective for any reason, including latent defects or the use of unsuitable materials, the Purchaser shall promptly notify the Supplier of the existence of a claim.
通常检验证书有以下几种写法：
Inspection Certificate of Quality / Quantity / Weight / Value / Health / …
Disinfection Inspection Certificate 消毒检验证书
Sanitary Inspection Certificate 卫生检验证书
双方同意以装运港中国进出口商品检验局签发的品质及数量检验证书为最后依据对双方具有约束力。
It is mutually agreed that the goods are subject to the Inspection Certificate of Quality and Inspection Certificate of Quantity issued by China Import and Export at the port of shipment. The Certificate shall be binding on both parties.
在交货前制造商应就订货的质量、规格、数量、性能做出准确全面的检验，并出具货物与本合同相符的检验证书。该证书为议付货款时向银行提交单据的一部分，但不得作为货物质量、规格、数量、性能的最后依据，制造商应将记载检验细节的书面报告附在品质检验书内。
Before delivery the manufacturer should make a precise and overall inspection of the goods regarding quality, quantity, specification and performance and issue the certificate indicating the goods in conformity with the stipulation of the contract. The certificates are one part of the documents presented to the bank for negotiation of the payment and should not be considered as final regarding quality, quantity, specification and performance. The manufacturer should include the inspection written report in the Inspection Certificate of Quality, stating the inspection particulars.
2）索赔条款。包括索赔权的规定、索赔时间、索赔依据和赔付方法。
买方对于装运货物的任何异议必须与装运货物的船只到达目的港后30天内提出，并须提供经卖方同意的公证机关出具的检验报告，如果货物已经加工，买方即丧失索赔权利。属于保险公司或轮船公司责任范围的索赔，卖方不予受理。
Any discrepancy on the shipped goods should be put forward within 30 days after the arrival of the vessel carrying the goods at the port of destination and the Buyer should present the Survey Report issued by the Surveyor agreed by the Seller. If the goods have been processed the Buyer will loss the right to claim. The Seller shall not settle the claim within the responsibility of the Insurance Company or Ship Company.
买方对于装运货物的任何索赔，必须凭卖方同意的公证机构出具的检验报告，在货物到达目的港之日起45日内提出。属于保险公司和船公司等的责任范围内的索赔，卖方不予受理。
Any claim by the buyer regarding the cargo shall be supported by a survey report issued by a surveyor approved by the seller and lodged within 45 days after the arrival of the cargo at the port of destination. The seller will not consider claims in respect of matters within responsibility of insurance company or shipping company.
品质异议须于货物到达目的港30天内提出，数量异议须于货物到达目的港15天提出，但均须提供相关检验机构的证明，如属卖方责任，卖方应予以收到异议20天内答复，并提出处理意见。
Any discrepancy about quality should be presented within 30 days after the arrival of the goods at the port of destination; any discrepancy about quantity should be presented within 15 days after the arrival of the goods at the port of destination, both of which cases should be on the strength of the certificates issued by the related surveyor. If the Seller is liable he should send the reply together with the proposal for settlement within 20 days after receiving the said discrepancy.
检验和索赔Inspection and claim
货物到达目的港后，买方应向国家进出口检验检疫局的地方分支机构（简称“检验当局”）申请对货的品质、规格和数量/重量进行检验，并出具检验报告。如该局发现规格、数量，或二者有出入，除保险公司或轮船公司的责任外买方有权在货物到达目的港后30天内拒收该货物或向卖方提出索赔。
After arrival of the goods at the port of destination the Buyers shall apply to the local inspection branch of State Administration for Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine (hereinafter referred to as the “Inspection Authorities”) for a preliminary inspection in respect of the quality specifications and quantity/weight of the goods and a Survey Report shall be issued therefore. If discrepancies are found by the Bureau regarding specifications or the quantity or both, except when the responsibilities lie with insurance company or shipping company, the Buyers shall, within 30 days after arrival of the goods at the port destination, have the right to reject the goods or to claim against the Seller.
如货物的质量和规格与合同规定不符，买方将申请检验当局进行检验，并凭检验报告有权向卖方索赔(包括换货)。所有费用(检验费、退货和换货的运费、保险费、仓贮费和装卸费)均由卖方承担。
Should the quality and specifications of the goods be not in conformity with the Contract, the Buyers shall arrange for a survey to be carried out by the Inspection Authorities and have the right to claim against the Seller in accordance with the Survey Report for replacement with new goods, or for compensation. All the expenses (such as inspection charges, freight for returning the goods and for sending the replacement, insurance premium, storage and Loading and unloading charges) shall be borne by the sellers.