一、《条例》出台的背景及意义
我国有近3亿农民工，他们是推动我国社会主义现代化建设的重要力量，为经济社会发展作出了重大而独特的贡献，劳有所得，天经地义。工资是农民工的保命钱、活命钱、养命钱，是提升农民工群体获得感、幸福感、安全感的重要物质基础，必须保证他们的辛劳及时获得足额的报酬。
现实中存在一些导致拖欠农民工工资的问题，需要进一步解决：一是建设项目资金不到位。除社会投资项目外，政府投资项目也存在拖欠工程款的现象，与拖欠农民工工资问题相互交织。二是工程建设领域欠薪。建设市场秩序不规范，存在违法分包、层层转包、挂靠承包等违法违规行为，增加了治理拖欠农民工工资的难度。三是施工企业劳动用工不规范。工程建设领域利益链条过长，管理不规范，加剧了处于末端环节的农民工工资拖欠问题。
《条例》是我国第一部保障农民工工资权益的专门性法规，是近年来治理欠薪工作成功经验的制度化提升，是依法治欠的重要体现和制度保证，自2020年5月1日起施行。
There are nearly 300 million migrant workers in China. They are an important force in promoting China's socialist modernization drive and have made significant and unique contributions to economic and social development. Salary is the guarantee money, living money and life-support money for migrant workers, and it is the important material basis for improving the sense of gain, happiness and security of migrant workers. We must ensure that their hard work can be paid in full in time.
In reality, there are some problems that lead to the arrears of migrant workers' wages, which need to be further solved: first, the construction project funds are not available. In addition to social investment projects, government investment projects also have the phenomenon of defaulting on project funds, which is interwoven with the problem of defaulting on migrant workers' wages. Second, unpaid wages in the field of engineering construction. The construction market is not in a standardized order, with illegal subcontracting, sub-contracting at different levels, and subcontracting at different levels, which makes it more difficult to deal with unpaid wages for migrant workers. Third, the construction enterprise labor employment is not standard. The long profit chain and irregular management in the field of engineering construction have aggravated the wage arrears of migrant workers at the end of the chain.
The regulation is the first specialized law to protect the wage rights and interests of migrant workers in China. It is an institutionalization of the successful experience in the treatment of unpaid wages in recent years, and an important embodiment and institutional guarantee of the treatment of unpaid wages in accordance with the law. It will be implemented on May 1, 2020.
二、《条例》中对于用人单位要求的解读
（一）劳动用工实名制管理：以书面方式或制度规定工资支付标准、支付时间、支付方式等内容。
（二）建立工资支付台账与工资清单制度：用人单位应当按照工资支付周期编制书面工资支付台账，并至少保存3年。用人单位支付工资时，应当提供农民工本人的工资清单。台账具体内容应包括：用人单位名称、应发工资项目及数额、支付周期、代扣、代缴、扣除项目和数额、支付日期、实发工资数额、支付对象姓名、身份证号码、联系方式，工作时间、银行代发工资凭证或者农民工签字等
（三）落实清偿责任要求：出现以下情形的，应由用人单位进行清偿，并可以依法进行追偿。
（1）使用个人、不具备合法经营资格的单位或者未依法取得劳务派遣许可证的单位派遣的农民工，拖欠农民工工资的；
（2）将工作任务发包给个人或者不具备合法经营资格的单位，导致拖欠所招用农民工工资的；
（3）允许他人以用人单位名义对外经营，导致拖欠所招用农民工工资的。
1.Administration of real-name system for labor use: the standard of wage payment, time of payment and method of payment shall be stipulated in written form or system.
2.Establish the system of wage payment ledger and wage list: the employing unit shall compile a written wage payment ledger according to the wage payment cycle and keep it for at least 3 years. The employing unit shall, when paying wages, provide the list of wages of the migrant workers themselves. The specific contents of the standing book shall include: name of the employer, items and amount of wages to be paid, period of payment, withholding, payment, deduction items and amount, date of payment, amount of actual payment, name of the payment object, id number, contact information, working hours, payment voucher issued by the bank on behalf of migrant workers, etc
3.Fulfilling the requirement of liability for repayment: in the case of the following circumstances, the employing unit shall pay off the debts and may recover the debts according to law.
(1) Paying wages to migrant workers in arrears due to the use of migrant workers sent by individuals, units that do not have legal business qualifications or units that have not obtained labor dispatch licenses according to law;
(2) Contracting out work tasks to individuals or units that do not have legal business qualifications, thereby delaying the payment of wages to migrant workers employed;
(3) Allowing others to conduct business in the name of the employing unit, resulting in delayed payment of wages for migrant workers employed.
三、《条例》对建设工程领域的影响
（一）建设单位应承担的责任：
（1）应做好资金安排，否则，不得开工建设，政府投资项目不得由施工单位垫资建设，应提供工程款支付担保。
（2）应依法订立书面工程施工合同，约定人工费用拨付周期，同时应妥善保存工程施工合同。
（3）应将人工费用及时足额拨付至农民工工资专用账户，应当以未结清的工程款为限先行垫付被拖欠的农民工工资。
（二）施工总承包单位应承担的责任：
1、应依法订立书面分包合同，约定工程款计量周期、工程款进度结算办法。
2、应开设农民工工资专用账户，应妥善保存开设、使用农民工工资专用账户的有关资料。
3、发现资金未按约定拨付等情况的及时报告义务。
4、注销农民工工资专用账户前的公示义务
5、应依法与所招用的农民工订立劳动合同并进行用工实名登记
6、应当在工程项目部配备劳资专管员
7、应当建立用工管理台账，应监督分包单位的劳动用工和工资发放等情况
8、工程建设领域推行分包单位农民工工资委托施工总承包单位代发制度。
9、施工总承包单位应当按照有关规定存储工资保证金，应存储工资保证金，应在施工现场醒目位置设立维权信息告示牌
（三）分包单位应承担的责任：
1、应当依法与所招用的农民工订立劳动合同并进行用工实名登记，建立用工管理台账
2、对所招用农民工的实名制管理和工资支付负直接责任，按月考核农民工工作量并编制工资支付表
3、不得以任何理由扣押或者变相扣押农民工本人社会保障卡或者银行卡
1.Responsibilities to be borne by the construction unit:
(1)Capital arrangements shall be made; otherwise, construction shall not be started; construction units shall not contribute to the construction of government-invested projects, and payment guarantee shall be provided.
(2) A written construction contract shall be concluded in accordance with the law, and the allocation period of labor costs shall be agreed upon. Meanwhile, the construction contract shall be properly preserved.
(3) The labor expenses shall be allocated to the special wage account for migrant workers in full and in time, and the wages of migrant workers who are in arrears shall be paid in advance within the limit of the outstanding project payment.
2.The general contractor shall bear the following responsibilities:
(1)A written subcontract shall be entered into in accordance with the law to stipulate the measuring period of project payment and the method of settlement of project payment progress.
(2)A special wage account for migrant workers shall be opened, and relevant documents concerning the opening and use of the special wage account for migrant workers shall be properly kept.
(3)Obligation of timely reporting when funds are not allocated as agreed.
(4)The duty of publicity before the special wage account of migrant workers is cancelled
(5)Conclude labor contracts with migrant workers recruited according to law and register their real names
(6)The project department shall be staffed with labor and capital managers
(7)The employment management ledger shall be established, and the employment and wage payment of the subcontractors shall be supervised
(8)In the field of engineering construction, the system of entrusting the general contractor of the subcontractor to pay the wages of migrant workers shall be implemented.
(9)The general contractor shall, in accordance with the relevant regulations, store the wage security deposit, and shall set up the information bulletin board for safeguarding rights in an eye-catching position on the construction site
3.Responsibilities of the subcontractor:
(1)It shall conclude labor contracts with migrant workers recruited in accordance with the law, register their real names for employment, and establish a labor management ledger
(2)Take direct responsibility for the real-name system management and salary payment of the recruited migrant workers, and examine the workload of migrant workers on a monthly basis and prepare the salary payment schedule
(3)The social security CARDS or bank CARDS of migrant workers themselves shall not be detained or detained in a disguised form for any reason
董凯，*共中***党**员，毕业于西北政法学院，法学学士。具有十二年行政执法单位工作经历。擅长行政纠纷、买卖合同纠纷、建设工程合同纠纷、劳务纠纷等。联系电话：13571017838。
Dong Kai, a member of the Communist Party of China, graduated from the Northwest University of Political Science and Law, bachelor of law. .With 12 years of work experience in an administrative law enforcement unit. Good at administrative disputes, sales contract disputes, construction contract disputes, labor disputes and so on. Contact number: 13571017838.