一、宾语从句
在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。常用的连接词有that, if, whether,what, which, who, when, where, how, why等。
二、宾语从句使用时注意事项
1.要选择恰当的连接词。
如果宾语从句不缺少任何成分，则引导词为that, that不作成分，没有含义，只起连接作用，可以省略。如果宾语从句缺少"是否"的疑问词，则引导词为if或whether，翻译成："是否"，不能省略。下列几种情况引导词只能用whether，不能用if。
（1）句中有or not，只用whether。如：I don't know whether he'll come or not tomorrow.
（2）引导词前有介词，只用whether。如：I'm interested in whether she likes playing football.
（3）后接to do sth.不定式时，只用whether。如：I can't decide whether to go there by coach.
如果宾语从句缺少其他成分，则引导词为相应的可以补充句子完整的疑问词，由特殊疑问词（what/when/why/who/how…）引导，不可以省略。
2.从句的语序必须是陈述句语序(主语+谓语)。
如果原句是疑问句改为宾语从句则应调整为陈述句语序。
3.注意时态的变化。
（1）通常情况下，当主句是现在时或将来时态或祈使句时,从句谓语动词不受时态影响，可以按需要使用任何时态。如：I think they have ever been to Beijing.
（2）当主句谓语动词为过去时态时，从句的时态一般为表示过去的某种时态(如：一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时等)。如：She told me she moved to Shanghai two years ago.
（3）当主句谓语动词为过去时态，而宾语从句叙述某一客观真理(事实)时，宾语从句的时态总是用一般现在时。如：The teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun.
三、练习
（一）根据句意，用所给词的适当形式填空。
1.We know that they_____(come) to Dalian next week.
2.I don't know if she_____(be)to the Great Wall before.
3.Do you know why they_____(not finish)their homework yet?
4.I wanted to know what he_____(do)at that time.
5.My father told me that the moon_____(be)smaller than the earth.
6.She hasn't decided how they_____(go) to Shanghai next week.
7.I hear that they_____(play)baseball on the playground now.
8.Let's find out what_____(be) the matter with Daming.
9.I hope I_____(become)an English teacher in the future.
10.Do you know if it_____(rain)last Friday?
（二）根据句意，填入合适的引导词，使句子完整。
1.I know_____she gets up at six every morning.
2.I was interested in_____they finished this work.
3.Do you decide_____colour they will choose?
4.I didn't know_____he was late for school this morning.
5.I want to know_____students there are in a class in our school.
6.The radio says_____it will snow in the northeast in China.
7.Do you remember_____he lived two years ago?
8.I want to know_____they will come to Shenyang or not next week.
9.She hopes_____they will visit her in two days.
10.Did you know_____went to our school last Thursday?
（三）句子翻译。
1.妈妈说地球比月球大。
2.我相信失败是成功之母。
3.你知道他们明天是否去吃野餐吗？
4.我还没决定下周是否去上海呢。
5.我们希望他们能赢得足球比赛。
6.我知道他们三年前住在长春。
7.我们必须弄清楚她喜欢什么。
8.你知道我们学校今年什么时候举行运动会吗？
9.我知道昨天那个时候他们在打篮球。
10.你能告诉我最近的医院在哪吗？
*练习参考答案
（一）1.will come 2.has been 3.haven't finished 4.was doing 5.is 6.will go 7.are playing 8.is 9.will become 10.rained
（二）1.that或者/ 2.whether 3.which 4.why 5.how many 6.that或者/ 7.where 8.whether 9.that或者/ 10.who
（三）1.My mother says/said that the earth is bigger than the moon.
2.I believe that failure is the mother of success.
3.Do you know whether/if they will have a picnic tomorrow?
4.I haven't decided if/whether I go to Shanghai next week.
5.We hope they will win the football match.
6.I know they lived in Changchun three years ago.
7.We must find out what she likes.
8.Do you know when we will have a sports meeting in our school this year?/Do you know when the sports meeting will be held in our school this year?
9.I know they were playing basketball at that time yesterday.
10.Can/Could you tell me where the nearest hospital is?