Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Fiveyearold Prisilla Perez, a student at Meador Elementary School in Willis, was unhappy with her recent haircut, which resulted from a severe disease. When students in her class started calling Prisilla a boy, she felt ashamed, often crying and losing focus in school.
Her teacher, Shannon Grimm, sympathized with her unhappiness. Grimm and Prisilla's mom were concerned, but their ideas didn't work. “We had classroom discussions about how girls have short hair and boys have long hair, and I showed them photos of movie stars with different looks，” Grimm said. “However, it wasn't sinking in.”
Grimm thought about Prisilla throughout the winter break, and one morning, she had an idea: Cut off her hair—a scary thought for Grimm, who wore her hair long and took pride in it. “I've never had short hair, and I stressed about it for two weeks before making a decision，” she said. On Jan. 4, Grimm invited a hairstylist friend to her home. “I told him to keep going, even if I cried，” she said.
The class loved their teacher's new do, especially Prisilla, who excitedly ran off the school bus that afternoon yelling, “Mom, Ms. Grimm cut her hair！” The teacher also bought matching bows for herself and the girl, so they could style their hair together.
In February, the teacher recommended Prisilla for the school district's Student of the Month Award, but during the Monday ceremony, she received a surprise “hero medal” from the girl. “Now we have matching awards，” says Grimm.
Prisilla's mother, Maria, said that Grimm's thoughtfulness brought her to tears. “I was shocked. I was crying. I couldn't believe it—she did something I wouldn't have the bravery to do. I will never forget that.”
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Grimm老师剪短头发以帮助学生Prisilla的故事。
1．Why was Prisilla unhappy at school?
A．She wasn't satisfied with her teacher.
B．She couldn't concentrate in class.
C．She was laughed at by her classmates.
D．She couldn't get on well with others.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“When students in her class started calling Prisilla a boy, she felt ashamed, often crying and losing focus in school.”可知，Prisilla在学校不开心是因为她被同学嘲笑，故C项正确。
2．What made Grimm have her own hair cut?
A．Praise from her students.
B．Devotion to her students.
C．Request of Prisilla's mother.
D．Suggestion from the hairstylist.
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据第三段第一句中的“Grimm thought about Prisilla...she had an idea: Cut off her hair”可知，Prisilla因为是短头发而被同学嘲笑，为了安慰Prisilla, Grimm老师决定把自己的头发也剪短。由此可推知，Grimm老师是出于对学生的关爱才剪短了头发，故B项正确。
3．What can we know about Grimm?
A．She had her hair cut together with Prisilla.
B．She expressed her sincere thanks to her pupils.
C．She hesitated a lot before having her hair cut.
D．She won a gold medal for facing difficulties bravely.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句中的“I've never had short hair, and I stressed about it for two weeks before making a decision”可知，Grimm老师在剪短头发之前很犹豫，故C项正确。
4．What is the text mainly about?
A．How Grimm helped her student out.
B．What problem Prisilla had at school.
C．Why Prisilla won the Month Award.
D．When Grimm got her new hairstyle.
解析：选A 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，Prisilla因为是短头发而被同学嘲笑，她在学校很不开心，Grimm老师为了帮助、安慰她也剪短了自己的头发，故A项正确。
B
Much of the public debate around early childhood education comes down to which matters more：academic knowledge or play. That's a false dilemma. Play is really the way that young children learn and guided play is the key. It's a way that they experience the world, and it helps them learn more deeply.
We should be concerned that the “skill and drill” approach to teaching academic knowledge is most frequently used in classrooms serving atrisk preschoolers, in an attempt to close the gap on school readiness. Unfortunately, this teaching method can turn young kids off to school and introduces the possibility of shame and anxiety. “Skill and drill” doesn't teach kids the curiosity and critical (有判断力的) thinking skills that they need to develop in early childhood.
However, pure free play—an approach advocated more frequently by wealthier groups—also misses the mark. “I hear a lot about just ‘free play classrooms’．” But Suzanne Bouffard, an education researcher，said if it only involves setting out materials and not thinking about learning goals, there's a real missed opportunity. For example, she said, researchers have found that children used more complex language about building activities when they had a goal in mind.
What effective preschools aim for is “guided play”， in which adults create a purposeful play environment that encourages students to explore. For example, in setting up blocks, a teacher might put up pictures of buildings to inspire kids. They may ask students，“What are you doing？” and gently push kids' thinking by offering new information.
Of course, the ability to find this balance rests with teachers. Good teachers make it look really easy. That's why it's really important that we invest (投入) in teachers and give them the training to guide play without overly controlling it and to encourage kids to develop an understanding of letters and numbers without “skill and drill”．
【解题导语】 在学前教育中，“技能和训练”教学法不能培养孩子的好奇心和判断力，游戏才是让孩子真正学习的方法。但纯粹的无目的性的游戏并不能达到好效果，而带有指导性的游戏能帮助孩子更深入地学习、体验世界，更适合学前教育的孩子们。好的老师应当善于使用带有指导性的游戏，鼓励孩子们思考、探索世界。
5．Which of the following matters most in early childhood education?
A．Having guided play. B．Learning after play.
C．Seeing the world. D．Studying academic courses.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第一段，尤其是该段最后两句“Play is really the way that young children learn and guided play is the key.It's a way that they experience the world, and it helps them learn more deeply.”可知，做游戏是小孩子学习的方式，带有指导性的游戏则是关键，这有助于他们更深入地学习，故A项正确。
6．What do we know about the “skill and drill” approach?
A．It works best for preschoolers.
B．It helps develop kids' curiosity.
C．It limits kids' development.
D．It bridges the gap on school readiness.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句“Unfortunately, this teaching method can turn young kids off to school and introduces the possibility of shame and anxiety.‘Skill and drill' doesn't teach kids the curiosity and critical (有判断力的) thinking skills that they need to develop in early childhood.”可知，“技能和训练”教学法可能会让学前孩子感到羞愧和焦虑，无法使孩子们在童年早期培养他们需要的好奇心和判断力；据此可知，这种教学方法限制了孩子的发展，故C项正确。
7．Which of the following best explains “misses the mark” underlined in Paragraph 3?
A．Meets learning goals.
B．Loses points in exams.
C．Troubles the class.
D．Fails to achieve the goal.
解析：选D 词义猜测题。根据第三段第一句中的also并结合第三段第三句中的 “there's a real missed opportunity”可知，单纯的游戏并不能达成教学目标。据此可知，画线词表示“无法达成目标”，故D项正确。
8．Why does a teacher put up pictures of buildings?
A．To encourage the kids to copy.
B．To offer extra information.
C．To share the teaching purpose with the kids.
D．To inspire the kids to explore.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第四段第一、二句“What effective preschools aim for...encourages students to explore. For example, in setting up blocks, a teacher might put up pictures of buildings to inspire kids.”可知，老师张贴建筑物的图片是为了鼓励孩子们去探索，故D项正确。
Ⅱ.七选五
An acquaintance has something in common with you and merely enjoys your company for a short time. A fairweather friend flatters (讨好) you when the sun is shining and the birds are singing. 1 They would never do the following things.
Walk away when times get tough. True friendship is all about how a person helps another person when they are down and can give very little in return. Thus, take note of who remains in your life when times get tough. Seriously, when you get into a difficult period in your life, look around you. 2
Hold hatred (憎恨) over your head. Some people will refuse to accept that you are no longer who you used to be—that you made mistakes in the past, learned from them, and moved beyond them. 3 Instead, they help you repair your present and future.
Pretend like they have all the answers. You may think about the people who have had the greatest positive effect on your life—the ones who truly made a difference. 4 True friends are the ones who sit silently with you when you need a moment to think. They'd always lend you a shoulder when you need to cry.
5 You deserve to be with friends who make you smile—friends who don't take you for granted. When you notice that a friend is always taking advantage of you instead of offering help when you need, you might need to distance yourself from them for a while. A true friend should want to give, but they shouldn't be forced to always give more than they get.
A．Let you down.
B．Take from you without giving back.
C．The people still standing beside you are your true friends.
D．True friends never hold the unchangeable past against you.
E．True friends love and appreciate each other just the way they are.
F．A true friend, on the other hand, has your very best interests at heart.
G．However, you'll soon realize that they aren't the ones that tried to solve all your problems.
【解题导语】 泛泛之交仅会陪伴你简短的时间，不能共患难的朋友仅在形势好的时候讨好你，只有真正的朋友会与你同甘共苦。他们在你经历困难时总会站在你身旁，绝不抓住你的过去不放，愿意为你付出。
1．解析：选F 根据上文可知，泛泛之交与你有共同点，仅会在短时间内陪伴你；不能共患难的朋友仅在情况良好时讨好你；根据空后一句可知，他们绝不会做如下的事情(即下文中的不与你同患难等)。据此可推知，空处表述的内容应与上文陈述的泛泛之交和不能共患难的朋友的行为作对比，所以此处应是陈述真正的朋友的行为，故F项正确。
2．解析：选C 通读该段可知，真正的朋友不会在你困难时离开；由空前一句可知，当你处于困难时期时，要看看周围的人。据此可推知，在困难时期仍然站在你身边的人才是你真正的朋友，故C项正确。
3．解析：选D 根据空后一句可知，相反，他们会帮助你补救当前和未来。据此可推知，空处应是陈述真正的朋友的行为，即真正的朋友从来不会抓住你不可改变的过去不放，且选项中的past与后一句中的“present and future”形成对比，故D项正确。
4．解析：选G 根据该段前两句可知，真正的朋友绝不会装作什么都知道；根据空后一句可知，真正的朋友是当你需要片刻时间思考时默默地坐在你身边的人。据此可推知，G项“然而，你会很快意识到他们不是试图解决你所有问题的人”符合语境，衔接上下文。
5．解析：选B 根据文章结构和空处所在位置可知，空处为该段的主题句；根据上文每段第一句可知，该处应为祈使句；根据该段尾句可知，真正的朋友会想去付出。据此可知，该段主要陈述真正的朋友不是从你那里一味地索取，故B项正确。
Ⅲ.语法填空
I can well remember that I was once asked to deliver a speech titled “A Real Test in My Life” before the whole class at the age of 9! You can imagine how
1. (terrible) shy I was with so many eyes fixed on me. I had no choice but 2. (prepare) for it, though. First of all, I was to draft the speech, 3. was just a piece of cake for me, a good writer. But the hardest part 4. (lie) in my oral presentation from my memory—for it 5. (forbid) to read from the paper. The real moment began when I stood on the platform with my legs 6. (tremble) and my mind blank. But my listeners were waiting patiently without any signs of rushing me. Gradually I found 7. (I) back, delivering my speech without difficulty. After 8. seemed to be a hundred years, I found my audience applauding—I made it! From then on, my fear of talking before the audience disappeared. Actually with my 9. (confident) built up, I now turn out to be a great speaker. Looking back, I know the 10. (great) difficulty on my way to success is my fear. Overcome it and I will be able to achieve my goals.
【解题导语】 本文主要讲述了作者通过一次演讲克服了自己的恐惧心理，增强了自信心。
1．解析：考查副词。修饰形容词一般用副词，故填terribly。
答案：terribly
2．解析：考查非谓语动词。have no choice but to do sth.为固定用法，意为“除了……别无选择”，故填to prepare。
答案：to prepare
3．解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，并在从句中作主语，指代前面的“to draft the speech”，故填which。
答案：which
4．解析：考查动词的时态。根据上文中的was可知，文中描述的事情发生在过去，故此处用一般过去时，故填lay。
答案：lay
5．解析：考查动词的时态和语态。forbid和句子的形式主语it之间是被动关系，且事情发生在过去，故用一般过去时的被动语态，故填was forbidden。
答案：was forbidden
6．解析：考查非谓语动词。此处my legs和tremble构成逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词形式，故填trembling。
答案：trembling
7．解析：考查代词。根据语境可知，此处表示“我发现我自己恢复原状”，应为“found myself back”，故填反身代词myself。
答案：myself
8．解析：考查连词。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，在从句中作主语，表示“……的东西”，故填what。
答案：what
9．解析：考查词性转换。由空前的形容词性物主代词my可知，此处用名词形式，故填confidence。
答案：confidence
10．解析：考查形容词最高级。根据语境和空前的定冠词the以及空后的名词difficulty可知，此处应用形容词的最高级形式，故填greatest。
答案：greatest