2020男性避孕药 (男性避孕药或将面世)

背景知识

最近,美国科学家在男性避孕药研究方面有了新的突破,他们研究出了在小鼠实验中效果不错的药物,这个研究的结论是这种药物在服用后有持续两小时的药效,能够麻痹精子避免怀孕,服药超过24小时之后,生育能力则恢复。

像网友比较关注的什么时候可以上市,在什么情况下可以服用,再就是有没有副作用,这些科学家并未进行解释,因为这种药物虽然已经研究出来,但并不代表很快就可以用于人体。

每日外刊0402,外用避孕药男性

正文阅读

A step towards a contraceptive pill for men?

男性避孕药向前迈出的新步伐?

How often does locker-room talk involve nuanced discussion of the various types of contraceptives available, and the merits and difficulties associated with them all? In women’s locker rooms, the answer is “surprisingly frequently”. In men’s, “hardly ever”. Contraception has long been an overwhelmingly female issue.

在更衣室的谈话中,有多少次涉及到对各种类型的避孕方式,以及与之相关的优点和困难的细致讨论?在女人的更衣室里,答案是“令人惊讶地经常发生”。在男人的更衣室里"几乎没有"。长期以来,避孕主要是一个针对女性的问题。

At least in part, that is because men have little to discuss. Their choice is between condoms and vasectomy. Women, by contrast, may pick from a range which includes the Pill, vaginal rings, copper intrauterine devices, hormonal intrauterine devices, contraceptive sponges, cervical caps, spermicides, diaphragms, female condoms and tubal ligation. For decades, therefore, researchers have hunted for ways to level the playing field by extending men’s options. But none of the resulting injections, gels and hormonal pills has so far advanced beyond clinical trials.

至少在某种程度上,这是因为男性没有什么可讨论的。他们的选择是避孕套和输精管切除术。相比之下,女性可以从一系列产品中选择,包括避孕药、阴道环、铜质宫内避孕器、激素宫内避孕器、避孕海绵、宫颈帽、杀精剂、*孕膜避**、女用避孕套和输卵管结扎。因此,几十年来,研究人员一直在寻找方法,通过扩大男性的选择,使竞争环境更加公平。但迄今为止,由此研发的注射剂、凝胶和激素药丸都没有通过临床试验。

Jochen Buck and Lonny Levin, who work at Weill Cornell Medicine, in New York, have now entered a new runner into the race. Their candidate, rather than requiring the consistent and long-term application associated with pills and gels, is fast-acting and temporary. In a paper published in Nature Communications they show that, in mice at least, it works within half an hour, rendering the animals temporarily infertile by stopping their sperm swimming, but with no perceptible changes in their behaviour or sexual performance. Importantly, within a day, their fertility returns.

在纽约威尔康奈尔医学院工作的Jochen Buck和Lonny Levin,现在已经在比赛中加入了一个新的选手。他们的候选药物,不需要与药片和凝胶等相关药物比持续性和长期应用,它可以快速起效,且只在当下起效。在发表于《自然通讯》的一篇论文中,他们表明至少在小鼠身上,它在半小时内就能起效,通过阻止精子游动使动物暂时不孕,但它们的行为或性表现没有明显的变化。重要的是,在一天之内,它们的生育能力就会恢复。

今日单词

  • contraceptive /ˌkɑːntrəˈseptɪv/ adj. 避孕的;
  • nuanced /ˈnuːˌɑːnst/ adj. 微妙的;细致的;具有细微差别的;
  • merit /ˈmerɪt/ n. 价值;荣誉;
  • contraception /ˌkɑːntrəˈsepʃn/ n. 避孕;
  • overwhelmingly /ˌoʊvərˈwelmɪŋli/ adv. 相当地;压倒性地,不可抵抗地;
  • condom /ˈkɑːndəm/ n. 避孕套;
  • vasectomy /vəˈsektəmi/ n. 输精管切除术;
  • range /reɪndʒ/ n. 幅度;范围;水平;
  • vaginal ring 阴道环;
  • intrauterine /ˌɪntrəˈjuːtəraɪn/ adj. 子宫内的;
  • hormonal /hɔːrˈmoʊnl/ adj. 荷尔蒙的,激素的;
  • cervical cap 宫颈帽;
  • spermicide /ˈspɜːrmɪsaɪd/ n. 杀精剂;
  • diaphragm /ˈdaɪəfræm/ n. 隔膜;避孕隔膜;子宫帽(避孕用具);
  • tubal ligation n. 输卵管结扎;
  • fast-acting /fæst ˈæktɪŋ/ adj. 快速的;快速起作用的;
  • temporary /ˈtempəreri/ adj. 暂时的,临时的;短期的,短暂的;
  • render /ˈrendər/ vt. 使成为,使处于某种状态;给予,提供;
  • infertile /ɪnˈfɜːrtl/ adj. 不育的;不结果实的;不能生殖的;
  • perceptible /pərˈseptəbl/ adj. 可察觉的;可感知的;看得见的;

素材来源

文本选自:The Economist(经济学人)

作者:Unknown

原文发布时间:16 Feb. 2023

每日美句

As heroes think, so thought Bruce.

英雄所见略同。