2016年6月大学英语四级真题翻译解析(第1,2,3套)

2016年6月大学英语四级真题翻译解析(第1,2,3套

巨微英语

201 6 6 月大学英语四级真题翻译解析(第 1 套)

Translation

1.【原句译文】功夫(Kung Fu)是中国武术(martial arts)的俗称。(备注:考虑到句间关系,本句与2句合译。)

2.【原句译文】中国武术的起源可以追溯自卫的需要、狩猎活动以及古代中国的军事训练。 Chinese martial arts, commonly known as Kung Fu, is derived from the need of self-defense, hunting, and military drills in ancient China.

句子分析】1句可调整为“中国武术的俗称是功夫”,而2句“中国武术的起源可以追溯到……”意即“中国武术起源于……”,与1句的主语一致,因此可以考虑将这两句合译,将较短的1句处理为非谓语形式。“A是B的俗称”可以用“B be commonly known as A”的结构译出,即译为“Chinese martial arts is commonly known as Kung Fu”。2句中“起源可以追溯到”可以用“be derived from”结构表达;“自卫的需要、狩猎活动以及古代中国的军事训练”应译为并列的名词短语,作“be derived from”的宾语。

3.【原句译文】它是中国传统体育运动的一种,年轻人和老年人都练。 It is one of the traditional Chinese physical exercises that both the young and the old can practice.

句子分析】前一分句的主语是“它”(中国武术)”,而“中国武术”又是后一分句“练”之后省略的宾语,因此可将前一分句作为主句,而将后一分句处理为that/which引导的定语从句,修饰 “中国武术”。原句则可理解为“中国武术是年轻人和老年人都练的中国传统武术的一种”。句中的“它”指代上句的“中国武术”,为避免重复可用It代替。“是……之一”是常考点,比如2013年12月四级翻译试题中就曾出现过“茶是世界上最流行的饮料之一”这样的句子,该考点可以“...one of the+名词复数”结构译出。)

4.【原句译文】它已逐渐演变成了中国文化的独特元素。 And it has gradually evolved into the unique element of Chinese culture.

句子分析】本句较为简单,可直接译为主谓宾结构的简单句。具体翻译时,“它”仍可直接译为it,句中“已”和“逐渐”表明译文的谓语应使用现在完成时态。“演变成”可用“evolve into”结构译出;“……独特元素”作其宾语,应接在into之后;“中国文化”为“独特元素”的前置定语,翻译时可调整到其后,译为of引导的介词短语。

5.【原句译文】作为中国的国宝,功夫有上百种的风格,是世界上练得最多的艺术形式。 As a national treasure of China, there are hundreds of styles for Kung Fu, a form of martial arts practiced most in the world.

句子分析】句中“功夫有上百种的风格”可理解为“存在上百种不同风格的功夫”,可使用there be句型译出。“是世界上练的最多的艺术形式”是对“功夫”的补充说明,可处理为名词短语“功夫”的同位语,简洁明了。具体翻译时,“作为……”可译为As引导的介词短语,“国宝”译为“national treasure”。

6.【原句译文】有些风格模仿了动物的动作,还有一些则受到中国哲学思想、神话和传说的启发。 Some of its styles imitate animal actions while others are inspired by the thought of Chinese philosophy, myths and legends.

句子分析】本句的主要结构为“有些风格……,还有一些……”,可译为“Some of its styles…, others...”,两句间用while连接,表示递进。本句承接上句,说明功夫的一些风格特点,因此使用“its”代替“功夫的”,避免了指代不明和重复。“受到……的启发”可以用被动语态“be inspired by...”表达。

【全文翻译】

Chinese martial arts, commonly known as Kung Fu, is derived from the need of self-defense, hunting, and military drills in ancient China. It is one of the traditional Chinese physical exercises that both the young and the old can practice. And it has gradually evolved into the unique element of Chinese culture. As a national treasure of China, there are hundreds of styles for Kung Fu, a form of martial arts practiced most in the world. Some of its styles imitate animal actions while others are inspired by the thought of Chinese philosophy, myths and legends.

201 6 6 月大学英语四级真题翻译解析(第 2 套)

Translation

1.【原句译文】在山东省潍坊市,风筝不仅仅是玩具,而且还是这座城市文化的标志。 In the city of Weifang, Shandong, kites are regarded as not only toys but also the symbol of the culture of the city.

句子分析】本句包含了一个英语中的常用句型“不仅仅……而且”,即“not only...but (also)”句型。具体翻译时,“在山东省潍坊市”可译为In引导的介词短语作时间状语;“风筝”为主要描述对象,应处理为主语;“不仅仅是玩具……而且还是……”描述的是人们对“风筝”的看法,可使用“be regarded as”表示,“not only...but also”连接“玩具”和“这座城市的文化标志”作as的宾语。“这座城市的文化标志”含有嵌套的修饰成分,其中“文化”修饰“标志”,“这座城市的”修饰“文化”,翻译时应考虑具体的搭配,“……(的)标志”应译为“the symbol of...”。

2.【原句译文】潍坊以“风筝之都”而闻名,已有将近2,400年放飞风筝的历史。 Weifang is known as “the capital of kites” with a history of nearly 2,400 years in flying kites.

句子分析】逗号前后半句的描述对象都是“潍坊”,故可以考虑将前半句译为主干部分,后半句译为非谓语形式,或介词短语作伴随状语。具体翻译时,“以……而闻名”可使用“be known as”结构表达;“风筝之都”可译为“the capital of kites”;“已有……的历史”可处理伴随状语“with the history of...”;“将近2,400年放飞风筝的”调整为“历史”的后置定语,接在of 之后。

3.【原句译文】传说中国古代哲学家墨子用了三年时间在潍坊制作了世界上首个风筝,但放飞的第一天风筝就坠落并摔坏了。 It is said that the ancient Chinese philosopher Mozi took three years to make the first kite of the world right in Weifang, but the kite fell and broke on its first day of flying.

句子分析】本句属于无主句,主要描述“墨子……制作了世界上首个风筝”的事件。纵观整个句子,有两个标志性的词“传说”和“但”;前者对应英语中的固定句型“It is said that...”,即将“传说”的内容处理为主语从句;后者表示前后存在转折关系,可以处理为but连接的并列句。具体翻译时,“中国古代哲学家”为主语,要注意修饰语的前后顺序,英语中“ancient(古代)”表示限定,应在表示国籍的“Chinese(中国的)”之前;“墨子”译为“Mozi”即可,作主语的同位语;“用了三年时间制作了……”对应固定搭配“took three years to make...”,注意其中“了”表明谓语动词使用过去时态。

4.【原句译文】也有人相信风筝是中国古代木匠鲁班发明的。(备注:考虑到句间关系,本句与5句合译。)

5.【原句译文】据说他的风筝用木头和竹子制作,飞了三天后才落地。 Some also believes that it was the ancient Chinese carpenter LuBan that first invented the kite, which was made of wood and bamboo and landed after three days’ flying.

句子分析】4句与5句都是在描述传说鲁班发明风筝的情况,因此可以考虑合译。具体翻译时,要理清句子内的层次关系。首先,“也有人相信”是句子的主干部分,译为“Some also believes”,其后的内容连同5句都是“believes”的宾语,因此5句中的“据说”可以省去不译。其次,4句中“风筝是中国古代木匠鲁班发明的”强调的是“鲁班”,恰好可以使用强调句,即调整译为“it was the ancient Chinese carpenter Lu Ban that first invented the kite”; 5句中的“他的风筝”即4句提到的“风筝”,故可将5句处理为which引导的定语从句,修饰“the kite”;“由木头和竹子制成”的风筝是可以看出原材料的,故该部分应译为which was made of wood and bamboo。

【全文翻译】

In the city of Weifang, Shandong, kites are regarded as not only toys but also the symbol of the culture of the city. Weifang is known as “the capital of kites” with a history of nearly 2,400 years in flying kites. It is said that the ancient Chinese philosopher Mozi took three years to make the first kite of the world right in Weifang, but the kite fell and broke on its first day of flying. Some also believes that it was the ancient Chinese carpenter LuBan that first invented the kite, which was made of wood and bamboo and landed after three days’ flying.

201 6 6 月大学英语四级真题翻译解析(第 3 套)

Translation

1.【原句译文】乌镇是浙江的一座古老水镇,坐落在京杭大运河畔。Wuzhen is an old water town of Hangzhou Province, located in the bank of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal.

句子分析】本句较为简单,逗号前后的描述对象都是乌镇,因此可以考虑将前一分句用“主语+系动词+表语”的句型译出,后一分句处理为非谓语动词短语,也可处理为非限定性定语从句,译为“which is located in…”。“坐落于……畔”可用“be located in the bank of...”表示,“京杭大运河”译为“the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal”。注意“乌镇”不可译作“Wu town”。

2.【原句译文】这是一处迷人的地方,有许多古桥、中式旅店和餐馆。 This is a charming place, with many ancient bridges, Chinese-style hotels and restaurants.

句子分析】本句较为简单,前一分句是典型的“主系表”结构;后一分句的描述对象仍是“乌镇”,因此可处理为with引导的介词短语,作“乌镇”的定语。具体翻译时,“这”指代上句中的“乌镇”,可直接译为“This”;“中式旅店和餐馆”可用“Chinese-style hotels and restaurants”表达。

3.【原句译文】在过去一千年里,乌镇的水系和生活方式并未经历多少变化,是一座展现古文明的博物馆。 During the past one thousand years, there has been so little change in the river system and the way of life in Wuzhen that it is a museum exhibiting ancient civilization.

句子分析】纵观整个句子,第二个逗号前后的句子的描述对象都是“Wuzhen”;且分析可知两个分句间存在内在的因果关系,故可考虑主从复合句连接起来。具体翻译时,前半句中“经历”的逻辑主语为“乌镇的……生活方式”,若译为“experience”显然不符合英语的搭配习惯,可使用There be句型将前半句译出;其中“水系”可译为“the river system”,更能体现出原文偏向指自然水系;“并未经历多少”表明句子应使用现在完成时态,且需包含否定含义的词,故可译为“there has been little change in...”。后半句可译为so引导的结果状语从句,或使用“so…that”句型,即将so至于little之前,用that引导后一分句。

4.【原句译文】乌镇所有房屋都用石木建造。 All the houses in Wuzhen are builtwith rocks and woods.

句子分析】本句较为简单,但其中“房屋”是“建造”的动作承受者而非发出者,考生不可受汉语思维影响译为主动句,而应处理被动句,即“houses are built...”。具体翻译时,“乌镇”作“房屋”的前置定语,需调整为介词短语作后置定语。“用石木”表示适用的材料,应用with引导的介词短语表示。

5.【原句译文】数百年来,当地人沿着河边建起了住宅和集市。 For hundreds of years, the locals have built their houses and fairs along the river.

句子分析】本句的主干部分为“当地人建起了住宅和集市”,用主谓宾结构的简单句即可表达。但要注意到时间状语“数百年来”,表明句子谓语应使用现在完成时。具体翻译时,“当地人”用“the locals”表达即可;“沿着河边”可译为“along the river”。“集市”用“fair”一词更能体现出镇子的特色。

6.【原句译文】无数宽敞美丽的庭院藏身于屋舍之间,游客们每到一处都会有惊喜的发现。 Countless spacious and beautiful courtyards are hiding among the houses, serving as surprises when tourists step into each of them.

句子分析】逗号后一句中的“每到一处”后省略了前面主语“庭院”,可理解为“庭院为游客们提供了惊喜”,因此可以将前一句处理为主句,后一句译为非谓语动词“serving as surprises...”,修饰“庭院”。具体翻译时,“无数宽敞美丽的”修饰“庭院”,可译为并列的形容词短语作前置定语;“藏身于”可译为“are hiding”,更能突出庭院现有的状态。后一句的译文需体现出“游客每到一处(庭院)”,可译为“when tourists step into each of the courtyards”,简洁明了,且富有画面感;为避免与主语重复,可用“them”代替这里的“courtyards。

【全文翻译】

Wuzhen is an old water town of Hangzhou Province, located in the bank of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal. This is a charming place, with many ancient bridges, Chinese-style hotels and restaurants. During the past one thousand years, there has been so little change in the river system and the way of life in Wuzhen that it is a museum exhibiting ancient civilization. All the houses in Wuzhen are builtwith rocks and woods. For hundreds of years, the locals have built their houses and fairs along the river. Countless spacious and beautiful courtyards are hiding among the houses, serving as surprises when tourists step into each of them.

以上内容由巨微英语创作

2016年6月大学英语四级真题翻译解析(第1,2,3套

巨微英语