概述

关于Oracle数据库的RMAN备份，除了邮件外，是否能通过其它方式检查RMAN备份的成功与失败呢？其实我们可以通过下面SQL脚本来检查

1、查看某个时间段RMAN备份失败的记录

可以在视图v$rman_status查看在RMAN里面执行的一些操作,例如删除归档日志等。如果要查看RMAN的输出，可以查看V$RMAN_OUTPUT，V$RMAN_OUTPUT 视图记录了RMAN生成的信息，这是在内存中额视图，不会记录到控制文件上。最多有37278条记录。

SELECT * FROM V$RMAN_STATUS 
WHERE START_TIME >= TO_DATE('2026-03-19T12:28:23+00:00','YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS')
  AND END_TIME   <= TO_DATE('2026-03-19T12:28:23+00:00' ,'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS')
  AND OPERATION ='BACKUP'
  AND STATUS !='COMPLETED' 
  AND STATUS NOT LIKE 'RUNNING%'

2、查看某个时间段RMAN备份成功的历史记录

SELECT * FROM V$RMAN_STATUS 
WHERE START_TIME >= TO_DATE('2026-03-19T12:28:23+00:00','YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS')
  AND END_TIME   <= TO_DATE('2026-03-19T12:28:23+00:00','YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS')
  AND OPERATION ='BACKUP'
  AND STATUS ='COMPLETED'

其中STATUS主要有RUNNING、RUNNING WITH WARNINGS、RUNNING WITH ERRORS、COMPLETED、COMPLETED WITH WARNINGS、COMPLETED WITH ERRORS、FAILED等几种状态。

3、查询RMAN备份更详细的信息

可以在视图V$RMAN_BACKUP_JOB_DETAILS中查看RMAN备份更详细的信息。

SELECT START_TIME,
      END_TIME,
      OUTPUT_DEVICE_TYPE,
      STATUS,
      ELAPSED_SECONDS,
      COMPRESSION_RATIO,
      INPUT_BYTES_DISPLAY,
      OUTPUT_BYTES_DISPLAY
FROM V$RMAN_BACKUP_JOB_DETAILS
ORDER BY START_TIME DESC ;

4、查看所有备份集详细信息

SELECT A.RECID "BACKUP SET",
       A.SET_STAMP,
        DECODE (B.INCREMENTAL_LEVEL,
                '', DECODE (BACKUP_TYPE, 'L', 'Archivelog', 'Full'),
                1, 'Incr-1级',
                0, 'Incr-0级',
                B.INCREMENTAL_LEVEL)
           "Type LV",
        B.CONTROLFILE_INCLUDED "包含CTL",
        DECODE (A.STATUS,
                'A', 'AVAILABLE',
                'D', 'DELETED',
                'X', 'EXPIRED',
                'ERROR')
           "STATUS",
        A.DEVICE_TYPE "Device Type",
        A.START_TIME "Start Time",
        A.COMPLETION_TIME "Completion Time",
        A.ELAPSED_SECONDS "Elapsed Seconds",
        A.BYTES/1024/1024/1024 "Size(G)",
        A.COMPRESSED,
        A.TAG "Tag",
        A.HANDLE "Path"
   FROM GV$BACKUP_PIECE A, GV$BACKUP_SET B
  WHERE A.SET_STAMP = B.SET_STAMP AND A.DELETED = 'NO'
RDER BY A.COMPLETION_TIME DESC;

5、查找某个备份集中包含数据文件

SELECT DISTINCT c.file#,A.SET_STAMP, D.NAME, C.CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#, C.CHECKPOINT_TIME
FROM V$BACKUP_DATAFILE C, V$BACKUP_PIECE A, V$DATAFILE D
WHERE A.SET_STAMP = C.SET_STAMP
    AND D.FILE# = C.FILE#
    AND A.DELETED='NO'
    AND c.set_stamp=&set_stamp
 ORDER BY C.FILE#;

6、查询某个备份集中控制文件

SELECT DISTINCT A.SET_STAMP,
                D.NAME,
                C.CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#,
                C.CHECKPOINT_TIME
 FROM V$BACKUP_DATAFILE C, V$BACKUP_PIECE A, V$CONTROLFILE D
 WHERE A.SET_STAMP = C.SET_STAMP
   AND C.FILE# = 0
   AND A.DELETED = 'NO'
   AND C.SET_STAMP = &SET_STAMP;

7、查看某个备份集中归档日志:

SELECT DISTINCT B.SET_STAMP,
                B.THREAD#,
                B.SEQUENCE#,
                B.FIRST_TIME,
                B.FIRST_CHANGE#,
                B.NEXT_TIME,
                B.NEXT_CHANGE#
 FROM V$BACKUP_REDOLOG B, V$BACKUP_PIECE A
 WHERE A.SET_STAMP = B.SET_STAMP
   AND A.DELETED = 'NO'
   AND B.SET_STAMP = &SET_STAMP
 ORDER BY THREAD#, SEQUENCE#;

8、查看某个备份集SPFILE

SELECT DISTINCT A.SET_STAMP, B.COMPLETION_TIME, HANDLE
FROM V$BACKUP_SPFILE B, V$BACKUP_PIECE A
 WHERE A.SET_STAMP = B.SET_STAMP
   AND A.DELETED = 'NO'
   AND B.SET_STAMP = &SET_STAMP;

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