英语中make与do的区别 (do和make短语的区别)

英语里的两个“做”——make和do。这两个词在英语中都很常用,但是它们的用法和区别却让很多人感到困惑。

一条规则秒懂中英文,make和do的英语用法怎么区分

make和do都可以表示“做”,但是它们所“做”的事情是不同的。一般来说,make表示“制造、创造、造成”,而do表示“做、干、完成”。这里有一个简单的记忆方法,就是:

Make something, do something.

也就是说,当你用make时,你要说出你制造或创造了什么东西;而当你用do时,你要说出你做了什么事情或活动。例如:

I made a cake. 我做了一个蛋糕。(你制造了一个东西)

I did my homework. 我做了我的作业。(你完成了一个任务)

一条规则秒懂中英文,make和do的英语用法怎么区分

当然,这条规则并不是绝对的,有些情况下,make和do的用法会有一些特殊或固定的搭配。例如:

make a decision 做出决定

make a mistake 犯错误

make a noise 制造噪音

make friends 交朋友

do business 做生意

do exercise 做运动

do someone a favor 帮某人一个忙

do well in something 在某方面做得好

这些搭配需要我们通过多看多听多练来熟悉和掌握。

一条规则秒懂中英文,make和do的英语用法怎么区分

另外,还有一些情况下,make和do的用法会有一些变化或扩展。例如:

make可以表示“使……发生、引起……反应”,后面跟一个形容词或从句。例如:

This film makes me sad. 这部电影让我感到难过。(引起了我的情绪)

He made me laugh. 他让我笑了。(使我发生了动作)

do可以表示“代替某个词语或句子”,以避免重复。例如:

I like this cake. Can you make one for me? 我喜欢这个蛋糕。你能给我做一个吗?

Sure, I can do that. 当然,我可以做那个。(那个=给你做一个蛋糕)

make do是一个固定短语,表示“将就、凑合、勉强应付”。例如:

We don’t have enough money to buy a new car, so we have to make do with the old one. 我们没有足够的钱买新车,所以我们只能将就着用旧车。

一条规则秒懂中英文,make和do的英语用法怎么区分

让我们来看看make和do在一些常见的短语中的用法。这些短语都有特定的含义,不能随意替换。请你仔细阅读下面的例句,并尝试理解每个短语的意思。

make a difference: 有影响,有作用

Your donation can make a difference to the lives of many children. 你的捐款可以改变许多孩子的生活。

make an effort: 努力,尽力

He made an effort to smile, but I could see he was unhappy. 他努力笑了笑,但我能看出他不开心。

make sense: 合理,说得通

This explanation doesn’t make sense. Can you clarify it? 这个解释不合理。你能解释清楚吗?

do harm: 造成伤害,有害

Smoking does harm to your health. You should quit. 吸烟对你的健康有害。你应该戒掉。

do research: 做研究,调查

She is doing research on the history of China. 她正在做关于中国历史的研究。

do someone good: 对某人有益,有好处

A walk in the park will do you good. 在公园散步对你有好处。

一条规则秒懂中英文,make和do的英语用法怎么区分

接下来,让我们来做一些练习,检验一下你对make和do的掌握程度。请你根据括号里的提示,用make或do填空,并注意词形变化。答案在文末。

1.He __________ (make) a lot of money by selling his paintings online.

2.She __________ (do) very well in the exam. She got the highest score.

3.They __________ (make) fun of him because of his accent.

4.I __________ (do) nothing wrong. Why are you angry with me?

5.You should __________ (make) up your mind before it’s too late.

6.He __________ (do) the dishes every day after dinner.

一条规则秒懂中英文,make和do的英语用法怎么区分

答案:

1.He made a lot of money by selling his paintings online.

2.She did very well in the exam. She got the highest score.

3.They made fun of him because of his accent.

4.I did nothing wrong. Why are you angry with me?

5.You should make up your mind before it’s too late.

6.He does the dishes every day after dinner.