Section1:English-Chinese translation(英译汉)(50points)
题目：Antarctica: plastic contamination reaches Earth's last wilderness
真题来源：https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2018/jun/06/antarctica-plastic-contamination-reaches-earths-last-wilderness。（《英国卫报》）
https://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-5814667/Research-finds-microplastics-chemicals-remote-Antarctic.html。（《每日邮报》）
Plastic（塑料） and traces of hazardous（有害的） chemicals（化学物质） have been found in Antarctica（南极）, one of the world’s last great wildernesses, according to a new study. Researchers spent three months taking water and snow samples（样本） fromremote areas（偏远地区） of the continent earlier this year. These have now been analysed（分析） and researchers have confirmed the majority（多数） contained “persistent（持续性的） hazardous chemicals” or microplastics（微塑料）.
The findings come amid growing concern（越来越多的担忧） about the extent of the plastic pollution crisis（塑料污染） which scientists have warned risks “permanent（永久性的） contamination（污染）” of the planet. Earlier this week, the UN warned it is one of the world’s biggest environmental threats and said although 60 countries were taking urgent action（采取紧急措施） more needed to be done.
The new report by researchers at Greenpeace is part of global campaign（运动/活动） to create the world’s biggest ocean sanctuary（海洋隔离区/避难所） in the seas around Antarctica to protect the fragile（脆弱的） ecosystem（生态系统） from industrial fishing（工业捕捞） and climate change（气候变化）. Frida Bengtsson, of Greenpeace’s Protect the Antarctic campaign, said the findings proved that even the most remote areas of the planet were not immune from（免于） the impact of manmade pollution（人为的污染）. “We need action at source（在源头上）, to stop these pollutants ending up in the Antarctic in the first place, and we need an Antarctic ocean sanctuary to give space for penguins, whales and the entire ecosystem to recover（恢复） from the pressures they’re facing,” she said.
Seven of the eight sea-surface water samples tested contained microplastics（微塑料） such as microfibres（微纤维）. Seven of the nine snow samples tested contained detectable concentrations of the persistent hazardous chemicals – polyfluorinated alkylated substances, or PFAS.
Researchers said the chemicals are widely used in many industrial processes（工业加工过程） and consumer products（消费品） and have been linked to reproductive（繁殖的） and developmental issues in wildlife. They said the snow samples gathered included freshly fallen snow, suggesting the hazardous chemicals had come from contaminated rain or snowfall.
Prof Alex Rogers, a specialist in sustainable（可持续发展的） oceans at the Oxford Martin school, Oxford University, said the discovery of plastics and chemicals in Antarctica confirmed that man-made pollutants（污染物） were now affecting ecosystems in every corner of the world（世界的每一个角落）. And he warned the consequences（后果） of this pervasive（普遍的/无处不在的） contamination remained largely unknown.
“The big question now is what are the actual consequences of finding this stuff here? Many of these chemicals are pretty nasty（肮脏的） and as they move up thefood chain（食物链） they may be having serious consequences for the health of wildlife, and ultimately humans. The effects of microplastics on marine（海洋的） life, likewise, are largely not understood,” he said. There is relatively little data on the extent of microplastics in Antarctic waters, and researchers said they hoped this new study would lead to a greater understanding of the global extent of plastic and chemical pollutants（塑料及化工污染）.
Bengtsson said: “Plastic has now been found in all corners of our oceans, from the Antarctic to the Arctic and at the deepest point of the ocean, the Mariana trench（马里亚纳海沟）. We need urgent action to reduce the flow of plastic into our seas and we need large-scale（大规模的） marine reserves（海洋保护区） – like a huge Antarctic ocean sanctuary which over 1.6m people are calling for – to protect marine life and our oceans for future generations（子孙后代）.”
The samples were gathered during a three-month Greenpeace expedition（探险）to the Antarctic from January to March 2018. The Guardian joined the trip for two weeks in February. A decision on the sanctuary proposal, which is being put forward（提出） by the EU（欧盟） and supported by environmental campaign groups（环保运动组织） around the world, will be taken at the forthcoming（即将到来的） meeting of the Antarctic Ocean Commission in Tasmania in October.
本次笔译实务英译汉考察的话题依然是当前全球热点话题，环境污染和保护一直备受关注，内容涉及海洋污染、生物保护及相应举措。该话题经常在翻译实训中练习，基本无太多专业词汇，翻译处理应该不难。
Section2：Chinese-English translation(汉译英)(50points)
河南是中华民族与华夏文明的发源地。中国四大发明中的指南针、造纸、*药火**三大技术均发明于河南。河南历史文化厚重，历史*物文**古迹众多，*物文**数量居全国第一位。河南境内有25处世界文化遗产，358个全国重点*物文**保护单位，4个世界地质公园，12个国家级重点风景名胜区，13个国家级自然保护区。
河南是中国重要的经济大省，2017年国内生产总值稳居中国第五位，2017年河南生产总值44,988亿元，比上年增长7.8%。人均生产总值47,130元，增长7.4%。粮食种植面积达10,135千公顷，粮食产量5,973.4万吨，比上年增加26.8万吨。全部工业增加值18,807亿元，增长7.4%。社会消费品零售总额19.666亿元，增加11.6%。全年居民消费价格比上年增长1.4%。
近年来，河南已成为“一带一路”的重要中心， 河南已经同全球200多个国家和地区建立了贸易关系，127家世界500强企业在河南落户。河南将以更具吸引力的政策，更加友好的营商环境，广迎四海宾客，实现更高层次的互利和共赢。