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今天的琦文分享栏目将带领大家学习博士论文《基于政府干预和企业合作的供应链绿色技术投资研究》。
Today's Qi Wen sharing program will lead you to study your master's thesis "Factors affecting bidding strategy of national collective procurement drugs from the perspective of game Theory".
作者将本文的关键词在文中总结为：绿色技术投资、绿色补贴、排污权限额交易、关税、供应链网络、企业合作，结合文章题目《基于政府干预和企业合作的供应链绿色技术投资研究》，问了让我们更好的理解文章，我们将总结并且分析以下关键词：绿色技术投资、绿色补贴、排污权限额交易、供应链企业合作。
The author of this article key words in the article summed up as: green technology investment, green subsidy, emissions cap-and-trade, tariffs, supply chain network, enterprise cooperation, combined with the title "the green supply chain based on government intervention and enterprise cooperation study of technology investment, asked the let us a better understanding of the article, we will summarize and analyze the following keywords: Green technology investment, green subsidies, cap and trade of emission rights, and cooperation between supply chain enterprises.
绿色技术投资：
为响应消费者不断提高的环保要求和政府严厉的环保法律，众多的企业进行了绿色供应链的实践，供应链上的每个环节都可能产生污染，例如产品的生产、运输、使用和废弃都是污染的根源，绿色技术投资即在这些方面降低对环境的伤害，绿色技术投资短期内会增加企业的经济负担，但是长期来看却能节约生产、库存、交易、运输等各项成本。
In response to the consumer's growing environmental requirements and government strict environmental laws, many enterprises to carry out the practice of green supply chain, each link in the supply chain can produce pollution, such as the product of the production, transportation, use, and waste is the source of pollution, green technology investment or reduce the damage to the environment in these respects, Green technology investment will increase the economic burden of enterprises in the short term, but in the long run, it can save production, inventory, transaction, transportation and other costs.
绿色补贴：
绿色补贴采取的形式主要有：1.支付现金、2.税收激励和豁免、3.政府环境保护投资或政府以优惠利率提供*款贷**等。
Green subsidies take the following forms: 1. Cash payments, 2. Tax incentives and exemptions, 3. Government environmental protection investment or government loans at preferential interest rates.
支付现金的方式举例：即将到来的双十一，上海消费者选购指定一级能效家电产品可以享受 10% 补贴优惠，至高补贴 1000 元。（补贴给消费者）；广东省给予绿色建筑项目45元每平的补贴（补贴给建筑商企业）。
An example of how to pay cash: On the upcoming Singles' Day, consumers in Shanghai will be able to enjoy a 10% subsidy, up to 1,000 yuan, for selected first-level energy efficient home appliances. (subsidies to consumers); Guangdong gives green building projects a subsidy of 45 yuan per square meter (subsidies to builders).
税收激励：以环境保护税为主体，包括资源税、车辆购置税等在内的绿色税收体系，涵盖了资源开采、生产、流通、消费、排放等多个环节。
Tax incentives: With environmental protection tax as the main body, the green tax system includes resource tax, vehicle purchase tax, etc., covering resource exploitation, production, circulation, consumption, emission and other links.
排污权限额交易：
排污权所交易的污染物种类包括：水污染物COD、水污染物NH3-N和大气污染物SO2\NOX，排污权涉及的行业也从最早的造纸厂、印染、化工到现在涉及火电、钢铁、水泥、建材、轻工等，对于企业而言，如果能减少排污指标的使用，一方面可以减少环境资源的使用成本，另一方面可以将多余的排污权指标拿出来交易从而获益。
The types of pollutants that are traded include: Water pollutants COD, water pollutants NH3-N and air pollutants SO2\NOX, pollution rights involved in the industry from the earliest paper mill, printing and dyeing, chemical industry to now involved in thermal power, steel, cement, building materials, light industry, etc. For enterprises, if can reduce the use of pollution indicators, on the one hand, can reduce the use cost of environmental resources. On the other hand, excess emission rights can be traded to benefit.
供应链企业合作：
为了提高产品的竞争力，供应链企业间的合作已经是大势所趋，企业间的合作能降低生产成本，降低产品价格，刺激市场需求，目前供应链的企业合作主要存在以下问题：1.信息不对称，企业间的诚信问题；2.企业间的利润分配问题，涉及供应链利润分配、成本分担等契约协调方式；3.合作伙伴的选择，涉及供应商选择指标的建立以及决策方法的选择与创新。
In order to improve the competitiveness of products, the cooperation between supply chain enterprises has been the trend of The Times. The cooperation between enterprises can reduce production costs, reduce product prices and stimulate market demand. At present, the cooperation between enterprises in supply chain mainly has the following problems: 1. Information asymmetry, the credit problem between enterprises; 2. Profit distribution among enterprises, involving supply chain profit distribution, cost sharing and other contract coordination methods; 3. The selection of partners involves the establishment of supplier selection indicators and the selection and innovation of decision-making methods.
今天的分享就到这里了。如果您对今天的文章有独特的想法，欢迎给我们留言，让我们相约明天，祝您今天过得开心快乐！
That's all for today's sharing. If you have a unique idea for today's article, feel free to leave a message and let's meet tomorrow. I wish you a happy and happy day!
参考资料：谷歌翻译
参考文献：《基于政府干预和企业合作的供应链绿色技术投资研究》（源自知网）
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