在英语中,it 是个重要的单词,除了本职工作是用来表示“它”以外,还有很多别的用法,可以构成一些特有的句型。我们这里做一个总结,供大家参考。
1、用作无意义主语,经常用于描述天气、气候、时间、距离等句子中。例如:
It was very hot last summer.
去年夏天非常热。
It is raining outside, the children are not happy.
外面正下着雨,孩子们都不开心。
It's only five hours from Beijing to Shanghai.
从北京到上海只要5个小时就可以了。
It's amazing.
太神奇了!
it作为无意义主语,也可以用在下面的句型中:
It looks as if we have no chance to pass the exam.
看起来我们通过考试的机会是很渺茫的。
It seems as if he will win.
看起来他要赢了。
在某些习惯用语中也会用到it:
Forget it. We won't go with you any more.
算了吧,我们再也不会跟你去了。
There seems nothing for it but to work hard.
除了努力工作,没什么别的选择了。
2、it可以用来作形式主语或形式宾语,句子中的真正主语或宾语通常为不定式、-ing分词或具有名词性质的分句。例如:
It's happy to play basketball everyday.(=To play basketball everyday is happy.)
很开心每天都可以打篮球。
It is interesting fishing in that lake.(=Fishing in that lake is interesting.)
在那个湖上钓鱼很有趣。
We made it possible that we could arrive there in five hours.
我们想尽了办法,终于有可能在五个小时后赶到那儿。
3、用于强调句型中,和be动词、被强调部分、that/who从句配合使用。例如:
It was in winter that they came to this city.
他们是冬天来到这个城市的。
It is John who helps the sick boy.
是John帮助了这个生病的男孩子。
也可以用于强调时间状语、地点状语、方式状语、原因状语从句等,例如:
It was when I came in that she was making a call.
我刚进门的时候,她正在打电话。
It was in New York that I bought the Iphone.
我是在纽约买的这部IPhone。
It was because the bad weather that we had to cancel this meeting.
正是因为糟糕的天气我们才取消了这个会议。
it引导的句型无处不在,用处很广,建议大家多练习、多使用。