2022 年 7 月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语〔二〕 卷子

1. Vocabulary and. Structure (10 points, 1 point each)

从以下各句四个选项中选出一个最正确答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。

1 .Students should their own interests as well as do their schoolwork.

A. persuade B .pursue C. persist D.proceed

1. I'd like to remind you that there is no on the part of suspects to answer questions.

A. obligation B.evidence C.transaction D.motivation

1. He blamed his poor performance jet lag.

A.to B .for C.on D.at 4 .We knowledge from our families,schools,jobs,and the mass media.

A.request B.require C.inquire D.acquire

1. Not until recently that Thompson had ben telling the truth all along.

A.I realized B.did I realize C.I did realize D.realized I

1. I don’t need any help at the moment,but I

_____your offer.

A.appreciate B.admire C.enjoy D.like

1. .The sad condition of women working as house servants around the world received much media early this year.

A .importance B. attention C.significance D.popularity

1. .She has no hostility to us, can be judged from her eyes.

A. that B.and C.hence D.as 9 .When you're a crisis, it often helps to talk to someone.

A.going through B.going in for C.going after D.going over

1. Decision on whether the message is right or wrong should at least come after what the message is.

A.putting out B.turning out C.working out D.running out

1. Cloze Test (10 points,1 point each)

以下短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。依据上下文要求选出最正确答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。

People in all parts of the world are observing "No Tobacco Day". It is the day 11 the World Health Organization (WHO) appeals to people to stop using tobacco products. WHO hopes if people stop smoking cigarettes or 12 tobacco for one day, they will stop permanently.

Health experts have warned for years that smoking can lead to heart disease, cancer and other 13 ．WHO says diseases

linked to smoking kill 14 2,500,000 persons each year.

Still, many people find it 15 stopping smoking. One reason is nicotine, a substance found in cigarettes. Nicotine is a drug.

Its effects are 16 those of *occina**e and heroin.

"No Tobacco Day" is intended for smokers and 17 who earn money from tobacco sales. So businesses are urged to stop selling tobacco products for twenty-four hours. 18 are urged not to carry advertisements for cigarettes.

WHO has approved plans to help reach its 19 of a "smoke-free" world. They urge governments to take action to help

1. make money by growing other crops. They also call for improved public information campaigns about the risks of smoking.

1. Reading Comprehension (30 points, 2 points each)

从以下每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最正确答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。

Passage One Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.

No one in my family could believe Allegra had any disability, much less one as severe as hers. To them a disability was physical, something you could see. They knew her as a happy, normal child. That's how it is with a learning disability -you don't see obvious physical symptoms.

But as she grew out of preschool, she would pretend to read-I knew she was pretending because the book was upside down.

She withdrew into her own world where she could fantasize about being a ballet dancer, a Broadway actress or a figure skater. In the real world, ballet classes and music lessons led only to confusion, frustration and, ultimately, disappointment.

As for school, there was no way she could be included in a mainstream classroom. I went through every special school in New York, only to be told over and over: "She doesn't belong here." The last blow came a few months after the diagnosis, when I was at a pay phone on 72nd Street, waiting for an answer from the very last school on my list. Finally a cold voice came on-I can still hear it-and said: "I'm sorry, but we feel this isn't the place for her." I hung up and stared at the phone in tears.

I had lived my life as the daughter of Henry Ford II, and for the first time in my life I faced a problem that neither money nor position could solve. I nearly gave up, but I knew I couldn't. Without me, my daughter stood no chance of making it.

1. .According to the first paragraph, Allegra's problem was _ .

A. psychological B. obvious C. physical D. invisible

1. Allegra was disabled in that _.

• she was unable to learn like a normal childshe was always reading with her book upside downshe isolated herself from other children in her classshe was living in her dreams in conflict with the real world

23 .The expression "a mainstream classroom"(para. 3) refers, to _.

A. the last blow B. the last school

C. special schools D. normal education

1. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that _.

• the author would ask Henry Ford II for helpthe author would continue to help her daughterthe author would leave New York for the sake of her daughterthe author had to use money or position to deal with the problem 25.The phrase "making it" (para. 4) probably means _.

A. becoming a figure skater B. becoming a ballet dancer

C. becoming successful D. getting proper treatment

Passage Two

Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.

Contrary to what many people believe, highly intelligent children are not necessarily bound to have an academic success. In fact, so-called gifted students may fail to do well because they are unusually smart. Ensuring that a gifted child reaches his or her potential requires an understanding of what can go wrong and how to satisfy the unusual learning requirements of extremely bright young people.

One common problem gifted kids face is that they, and those around them, place too much importance on being smart. Such an emphasis can breed a belief that bright people do not have to work hard to do well. Although smart kids may not need to work hard in the lower grades when the work is easy, they may struggle and perform poorly when the work gets harder because they do not make the effort to learn. In some cases, they may not know how to study, having never done it before. In others, they simply cannot accept the fact that some tasks require effort.

If the scholastic achievement of highly intelligent children remains below average for an extended period, many teachers will fail to recognize their potential. As a result, such students may not get the encouragement they need, and may further be depressed to learn. They may fall far behind in their schoolwork and even develop behavior problems. Boys may turn aggressive or become class clowns〔小丑〕.Girls often develop performance anxiety and other symptoms such as stomachaches.

One way to avoid such difficulties is to recognize that IQ is just one of the elements for success. Children do well or struggle in school for a host of reasons apart from IQ, according to psychologist Franz Monks of the University of Nijmegen in the Netherlands. These include motivation and persistence, social competence, and the support of family, educators and friends. Emphasizing the importance of persistence and hard work, for example, will help a child avoid the laziness trap. Gifted children also need intellectual challenges-to teach them how to work hard.

1. According to the first paragraph, the author believes that _.

• intelligent students may fail to do well in their schoolworkgifted students are too smart to do well in their schoolworkintelligent students are bound to succeed in their schoolworkgifted students understand what can go wrong and how to learn

1. When too much emphasis is placed on students' intelligence, people are likely to take it for granted that _.

• smart students may not do well in the lower gradesintelligent students know how to avoid laziness trapclever students require more intelligence than hard workbright students may succeed even if they do not work hard

1. It is observed in the third paragraph that _.

• highly gifted students show a great desire to learnhighly gifted students tend to fall ill with no reasonhighly intelligent students also need encouragementhighly intelligent students score higher than average students

1. According to the author, a student's IQ is _.

• one of the factors of successthe only factor for his successdirectly related to persistenceclosely associated with competence

1. This passage aims to tell people about _.

• the academic performance of gifted studentsthe proper attitudes toward gifted studentsthe difficulties in recognizing gifted studentsthe motivation students need for their studies

Passage Three

Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.

Mars Global Surveyor is the oldest of five NASA robotic devices, which is designed to find out signs that Mars once had water; and it had been taking detailed pictures of the red planet for a decade. Unfortunately, it stopped working on November 2 after it developed a motor problem.

After two days of silence, ground control teams received a signal that the device had put itself into an emergency standby mode. There was no information about what had gone wrong. Since then, the mission team at NASA's laboratory in California has tried to contact the device. This week, NASA engineers are preparing for what may be their last chance to recover the spacecraft.

NASA plans to use a newly arrived device to take a picture of the Surveyor to see how the failed craft is oriented to the sun for power and to Earth for communications. It is reported that the picture will be taken on Friday when the satellites are about 93 miles apart. The new high-powered camera should be able to image details of the Surveyor as small as about 10 centimeters. There is a good chance of recovering it.

Flight controllers also plan to try to get the Surveyor to contact one or both of NASA's roving 〔漫游〕geology stations, Spirit

and Opportunity, which are located on opposite sides o. Mars'equator〔赤道〕.The rovers would not be able to transmit the spacecraft'5 science data, but engineers at least would get an idea of its general position. The linkup also could show if the Surveyor still has power. If the device has been unable to charge its batteries due to a positioning problem or failed component, it could run

out of power with no hope of recovering. But if it has power, the device is quite capable of autonomous control even if it doesn't hear from Earth. The Surveyor has far surpassed its design lifetime, but scientists still have more targets for the probe's camera and science instruments.

1. The main task of Mars Global Surveyor is _.

1. to take pictures of the red planet
2. to work out the problems of its motor
3. to find out if there was water on Mars
4. to find the causes of the failure in the device

1. The newly arrived device _.

• is equipped with a powerful camerachecks the signs for water on the red planetcarries new components for the failed deviceexamines the surveyor's communication system

1. The last chance for NASA's engineers to recover the Surveyor might be _.

A. to charge its batteries B. to adjust its position

C. to test its communication system D. to use the new device to image it

1. The decisive factor for the recovery of the Surveyor is _.

A. its life B. its orbit C. its power D. its position

1. The passage is most probably taken from _.

A. a book review B. a news report

C. an advertisement D. a science fiction tale

1. Word Spelling (10 points, 1 point for two words)

将以下汉语单词译成英语。每个单词的词类、首字母及字母数目均已给出。请将完整的单词写在答题纸上。

1. Word Form (10、 points, 1 point each)

将括号中的各词变为适当的形式填入空白。答案写在答题纸上。

1. Critics should be as objective as possible in their_ (analyze) of literary works.
2. Her father left her all his money when he died, which made her financially _ (dependent).
3. The United States is a country_ (advance) in science and technology.
4. It is not a bad movie, but there is nothing_ (origin) about it.
5. At the end of the conference, all the_(participate) were asked to fill out a questiolmaire.
6. When a person immigrates to another country, he should_ (conscious) adapt himself to the new environment. 62 . In my opinion, they should do something to reward their most_ (produce) employees.
7. The_ (month) salary for the position will be negotiable at around $2,000.
8. A task of the post office staff is to_ (class) mail according to the places it is to go.
9. There is an increasing_ (tend) for women to have children later in life.

1. Translation from Chinese into English (15 points, 3 points each)

将以下各句译成英语并将答案写在答题纸上。

1. 这男孩尽管还很小，但已会说两种外语了。
2. 全家人都同意今年夏天去意大利度假。
3. 据说包裹和信件都还没有到达目的地。
4. 我们正在想方设法克服所面临的困难。
5. 这本书激发了那个孩子对绘画的兴趣。

1. Translation from English into Chinese (15 points)

将以下短文译成汉语并将答案写在答题纸上。

Professors may establish social relationships with students outside of the classroom, but in the classroom they play the role of

an instructor. A professor may have coffee with students one day but the next day he may expect them to meet a deadline for a paper or to be prepared for a discussion or an exam. The professor may give extra attention, outside of class, to a student in need of help, but probably will not treat him or her differently when it comes to evaluating academic work. Professors have several roles in relation to students; they may be counselors and friends as well as teachers. Students must realize that when a teacher's role changes, they should change their behavior and attitude accordingly.

2022 年 4 月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语〔二〕卷子

〔课程代码 00015 〕

ⅠVocabulary and Structure(10points 1 point each)

从以下各句四个选项中选出一个最正确答案，并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑。

You may use bike you give it back to me tomorrow morning.

A. unless B. provided C. though D. because

1. He could not his tears on hearing that he was not admitted to the university

A. hold up B. hold back C. get over D. get through

1. Good parents have the ability to communicate messages of love, trust, and self-worth their children

A. on B. for C. with D. to

1. The teacher required that all errors should be eliminated before the students turn in their term paper.

A. deported B. eliminated C. deprived D. implemented

5.A person is lucky if his career with his interest and hobby.

A. concerns B. competes C. coinciders D. compares

1. Out sleep influences our mood. our mood, ,affects our performance.

A. in return B. in vain C. in short D. in turn

1. It was of you not to disturb us while we were sleeping.

A. considerate B. considering C. considerable D. considered

1. I'd appreciate it very much if you could make some on my recent article at the conference.

A. requests B. references C. remarks D. restrictions

1. He is absorbed in his own thoughts that he seems unaware of what's going on in the room.

A. so B. each C. very D. much

1. No sooner (选 C)had I reached home than Michael arrived with Jane in his car.

A. did I reach B.I had reached

C. had I reached D.I reached

Ⅱ.Cloze Test(10point,1 point each)

以下短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项，依据上下文要求选出最正确答案。并在答题纸上将相应的

字母涂黑。

It is difficult to escape the influence of television. If you fit the statistical messages, by the age of 20 you will have been esposed 11 at least 20,000 hours of television. You can add 10,000 hours for each decade you have lived 12 the age of 20. The only things Americans do more than them watch the television are work an sleep.

Calculate for a moment what could be done with even a part of those 13 .Five thousand, I am sold, are what a typical college undergraduate 14 working in a bachelor’s degree. In 10,000 hours you corded have learned several lauguages fluently, you could be reading Shakespeare in the 15 ,and you could have walked around the world the world and 16 a book about these hours.

The trouble with television is 17 it discourages concentrations. Almost anything interesting and rewarding in life 18 some constructive effort .The dultest , the least gifted of us can achieve things that seem remarkable to those 19 never concertrate on anything .But television encourages us not to make any 20 .It makes the time pass without gain.

11.A.to B. under C. for D. at 12.A.at B. from C. after D. before

13.A.decades B. hours C. years D. things 14.A.spends B. casts C. takes D. uses 15.A.origin B. beginning C. source D. original 16.A.written B. write C. wrote D. writing 17.A.what B. that C. which D. why

18.A.requests B. asks C. orders D. requires 19.A.what B. whose C. which D. who 20.A.money B. time C. effort D. skill

Ⅲ.Reading Comprehension(30point,2points each)

从以下每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选项中选出一个最正确答案，并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑。

Passage one

Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.

Michael Stadtlander set Toronto’s restarant world on fire in the 1980s with his original food, and eastablished a national and international fame. In 1994,however,he decided to leave the city restaurant scene and seek a quiet life in the country, where he has been preparing meals on his farm two hours borth of Toronto and asks guests to bring their own wine.

Not long ago, Stadlander was charged with selling liquer without a licence, He said when a guest asked for wine at a dinner in December, he provided two bottles from his private stock.But the customer turned out to be an undercover Ontario Provincial Police(OPP)officer who returned a few days later along with four armed officers to seize 83 bottles of wine,and to search the farmhouse for records. The punishment could run as high as $100,000 in fines and a year in jail.

When Mr and Mrs Smisth arrived at the farm on a weekend befre Christmas, they said that it was their annual celebrstion and asked if they could get some wine.Nobuyo,Stadtlander’s wife,told them the policy was thar guests peovide their own..

Given the occasion, though, Stadtlander agreed to provide a bottle of white wiee from own cellar,at cost,as a favor, Later, Mr Smith asked for a second bottle and a detailed receipt that included the price of thr wine.He turned

out to be OPP Detective Paul Smith and“his wife,〞an assistant who went as a witness.

“Iwas shocked, 〞Nobuyo Stadtlander recalls.〞How could thy do this to us when we did them a favorWe sold them our wine at our cost.〞.But Mr.Smith say,〞 No.they made $20.〞

Stadtlander is determined to prove his innocence and continue the business.

“People who live in the area have been very supportive〞,

〞

he says.〞And when this is over,I want my wine back.

1. Stadtlander was accused because .

• be offered too much wine for a guestbe asked guests to bring their own winebe charged too much for the wine offeredbe sold wise to his guests without a license 22.In the 1980s,Stadtlander .

1. threw his original restaurant menu into the fine
2. made his restaurant well-known around the world
3. sought for a quiet life in the central part of the city
4. opened one resyaurant after another home and abroad. 23.IT turned out that Mr. and Mrs. Smith were .
5. two farmers
6. two witnesecs C. haXend and wife D. police officers

1. Nobuy Studtlander claimed that in the wine case they made . A.$1.20 B. no money C.$100,000 D. a lot of money
2. Which of the following could be used as evidence against Stadtlander

• What Stadtlander’s wife saidThe second bottle of wineThe records from the farmhouse.

D.A receipt with the wine price.

Passage Two

Questions26 to 30 are based on the following passage.

A recent study shows that sixteen out of every 100 American couoles have violent confrontations of one sort or another during the course of a year. In six of these cases there is severe kicking, biting, punching or hitting with objects. Almost four of every 100 wives are seriously beaten by their huXands. three of every 100 children are kicked or punched by their parents. More than a third of all brothers and sisters severely attack each other.

As expected, the incidence of violence is highest among the urban poor (many of them minoroties).blue-collar workers, people under 20 or without religious beliefs, families with a huXand who is jobless and those with four to six children. But the study also showed that violence occurs among wealthy families as well. Indeed, the wife of a university president once quietly called Straus, one of the sociologists who conducted the study, to ask what she could do about her huXand, who often beat her. Straus suggested seeking assistance from marriage advisors.

Steaus and his colleagues found out that there are various root causes that give rise to such behavior“. The

reason are mixed –psychological, sociological, situational,〞 says Straus.“The huXand, for example, may feel under particular stress because be has been out of work too long. Violence may also be an echo of the pas〞t,

Straus explains.“When Mummy gives her two-year-old a slap〔巴掌〕for putting something dirty in his mouth, he

is learning from infancy that those who love you hit you〞. Another reason may be the worsening economic

situations.“If we have a real economos decline, It’s going to get worse,〞 economic situations.“If we have a real economic declines,it’s going to get worse,〞 says Gelles, one of Straus〞 colleagues.

These sociologists have no easy answer to violence in the American family. While they welcome such move as the opening of shelters for beaten wives and the establishment of a National Center for Child Abuse and Neglect, they belive that there must be more basic attack on vilolence,including the reduction of“macho〞〔大男子主义〕themes on the television,the outlawing of physical punishment in schools and perhaps even the wlimination of death senernces.As Straus explains,“Volence is an acceptable solution to problems in American society,And that is how it is used in families.

1. Which of the following statements is true

• More than a third of brothers attack sisters in American families.Almost four percent of huXands are seriously beaten by their wives.Six out of one hundred couples experience severe domestic violence.Six percent of American couples have some kind of domestic violence. 27.The example concerning a university president’s wife shows that

1. domestic violence is found in well-to do families as well
2. the incidence of violence is highest among urban families
3. marriage advisons’assistance is the best solution to violence
4. domestic vilence exists regardless of age, race,and social status. 28.What Gelles says shows that .
5. vilence is responsible for the decline of economy
6. violence may be a reflection of one’s past experience
7. violence is related to the economic situation of the time
8. violence is the best form of emotional release for a huXand

1. The word “outlawing〞 in line5 of the last paragraph means .

• making something illegalfreeing someone from prisonlearning something from lawthrowing someone out of court

1. According to the sociologists, it is impossible to curb domestic violence unless .

• more shelters for beateb wives are openedchildren are protected by a National Centerviolence is not accepted as a solution to problemsAmericans get tougher with violent behaviors

Passage Three

Qestions 31to35are based on the following passage.

American scientists are developing an“intelligent〞 mabile phone capable of blocking incoming calls depending on the owner’s mood., Using“context aware〞

Technology the “Sensay〞 phone will monitor calls and send back polite messages saying the user may be contacted later.

A research team at the Institute for Complex Engineering Systems at Carragie Mellon University in Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, are developing body temperature and electrical skin monitors to help the device understand the emotional state of its user. If the phone senses that the user is busy—for instance, involved in a conversation—it might block an incoming call and turn it onto voicemail. The phone would send back a text message saying the user is unavailable, but advising that id the matter is urgent the caller can try again in three minutes. If a call from the same person came in again, the phone would put it through.

The researchers are interested in four basic different states—busy and not to be interrupted, physically active, idle,and “normal.〞 Most people are said to change between these states,an average of 6 to 12 times a day.

Professor Asim Smailagic, a leading member of the Carnegic Mellon team, told The Engineer magazine〞.

Today’s computers are pretty dumb compared with the device. We got to work at the beginning of May and since then have been improving it. The next stage is to make it smarter, adding various intellingence systems so it can learn about the user. The phone also employs four primary sensons—two microphones to pick up conversations and monitor local noise.a light detector and an acceleromster〔加速度计〕.The light sensor shows if the phone is being carried in a bag or pocket ,while the accelerometer determines whether the user is walking,running or standing still,

In the sensor box, phone is being carried in a bag or pocket, while the accelerometer determites whether the user is walking,running or standing still,In the future,the sensor box,phone and personal organizer will be combined into one device.〞

1. According to the passage, the“Sensay〞 phone is capable of .

• showing body temperatureblocking unwanted callsdetecting the owner’s moodsensing the caller’s mood

1. The second paragraph mainly tells us .

• where the intelligent phone is developedhow the new phone is going to functionwhether the researchers failed in their experimentwhy the researchers failed in their experiment

1. Accorfing to Professor Smailagic, the detector will show .

• where the mobile phone iswhere the mobile phone user iswhether the mobile phone user is busywhether the mobile phone is within reach

1. the word “it〞 in line 5 of paragraph 4 refers to .

• the phonethe monitorthe computerthe light sensor

1. The best title for this passage is .

皮筋拉长，这就产生了潜能；你一松手，它就会收缩并

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