讲义:
副词的重要考点:
1. how long, how soon, how often和how far
1)how long多久,多长时间,对一个持续的时间段提问,常用“for+时间段”和“since+时间点”回答。
-How long have you been in China?
-For three months.
-你来中国多久了?
-有三个月了。
2)how soon多快,多久以后,对一个短暂性动作提问,用于一般将来时的句子中,常用“in+一段时间”回答。
-How soon will he come back?
-In five minutes.
-他多久才能回来?
-五分钟后。
3)how often多长时间一次,对频率提问,常用“once, twice, three times a week等”回答。
-How often do you visit your grandparents?
-Once a week.
-你多久看望你的祖父母一次?
-一周一次。
4)how far多远,询问两地之间的距离。常用句型:How far is it from …to …? 回答常用表示距离的短语:About 30 kilometers. / About ten minutes' walk.
How far is it from your home to school?
你家离学校有多远?
2. hard & hardly
hard努力地,辛苦地,剧烈地,猛烈地,是程度副词;hardly几乎不,是否定副词。
We should study hard as students.
作为学生,我们应该努力学习。
I can hardly catch up with you. Can you walk a little more slowly?
我几乎跟不上你了,你能走慢一点吗?
3. much too & too much
much too非常,极其,大,后跟形容词或副词原级;而too much太多,后跟不可数名词。
The skirt is much too dear.
这条裙子太贵了。
Please don’t eat too much ice-cream. It’s bad for your health.
不要吃太多的冰淇淋。它对你的身体不好。
4. too, as well, also和either
too和as well用于肯定句,一般位于句末。also一般放在肯定句中与动词连用。either用于否定句,往往放在句末。
He went there too/as well.
他也去那儿了。
He didn’t go there either.
他也没有去那儿。
I also went there.
我也去那儿。
5. too, enough和so
too太,很,用于too...to...结构,意为“太……而不能……”;enough足够,用于“形容词/副词原级+enough to...”结构,表示“足够……能……”;so如此,用于“so...that...”结构,意为“如此……以致于……”
The man is too old to look after himself.
这个人年纪太大了,照顾不了自己。
The boy runs fast enough to win the game.
这个男孩跑得足够快,能赢得比赛。
The camera is so expensive that I can’t afford it.
这个照相机太贵了,我买不起。
6. 兼有两种形式的副词
1)close & closely
close意为“接近”,而closely意为“仔细地”。
2)late & lately
late意为“晚”,而lately意为“最近”。
3)high & highly
high表示空间高度,而highly表示程度之高。
7. 副词的比较级和最高级
1)平级比较
肯定句中用“as+副词原级+as”结构,而否定句中用“not as/so+副词原级+as”结构。
I can’t type as/so fast as my brother.
我打字不如我弟弟快。
2)比较级的用法
“比较级+and+比较级”表示某种情况变得“越来越……”
Tom plays the violin more and more beautifully.
Tom小提琴拉得越来越好。
3)最高级的用法
“the+副词最高级+表示范围的短语”结构,最高级前的定冠词the可省去。
Benson talks (the) least and does (the) most in his class.
Benson是班上说得最少做得最多的。